The World Bank 's Land Conservation Project

In line with these concerns of corruption, lack of transparency and accountability a look into the financial and institutional beneficiaries of the project will help ascertain the challenges that may result in development failure (Hildyard, 2005). Hildyard's paper on LHWP what went wrong centers its arguments on the impacts the project has had on the different groups involved that is; the civil society groups, human rights groups, environmentalists and the people directly affected by the project. The hope is to find solutions for Southern Africa and wherever else needed to curb corruption through re-structuring of regulations and proper implementations of those already in place, encourage openness and public participation and scrutiny to enable the sustainable development of the project. Sketchiness was also seen on the side of South Africa when it came to the project funding; international sanctions on the government prevented direct international funding so a work around was created - to set up a trust fund based in London for laundering of funds (Hildyard,

World Bank-Provides services in order to health the world reduce poverty and improving health- Their main advocatory is financial and technical production.

WORLD BANK: governments play an important role in development, but there is no simple set of rules telling them what to do.

7. How do the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and the World Trade Organization deal with environmental issues in developing countries?

Brazil's Polonoroeste development program was taken into the hands of the World Bank. Although smaller repairs and preservative methods to maintain the healthiness of the Rainforest would had sufficed, they decided to create a long-stripped highway through the middle of the Rainforest. But why stop there? They continued to distribute the land as they saw fit, causing mass immigration of the animals and native villagers, and caused the mass destruction of the Rainforest. The World Bank takes to the grave that their intentions were for the greater good of Brazil and it's people, yet they did more harm to their market and environment and it only got worse from there.

The World Bank was established in 1944 and headquartered in Washington, DC, the World Bank was created from a single institution to a development of five institutions. It is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. It was created as a facilitator of post-war reconstruction and development and prevention of worldwide poverty. It has more than 10,000 employees located throughout 120 offices worldwide.

According the forest activists, often overlooked was the role indigenous people played in preserving these habitats in the first place. Scant attention

International development and underdevelopment are major issues in global society today. John Perkins’ book The New Confessions of an Economic Hit Man is a very critical account on the activities of private corporations such as MAIN and international financial institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund and how many actions are based on self-interest, corruption and greed. The book does an exceptional job at giving us an insider’s perspective on why debt induced developing nations are in a constant state of underdevelopment from the corrupt actions of Economic Hit Men and their colleagues Jackals who deal with the dirty side of the business and political economics. Global economics and debt have

“’If you love your life, move out!’ the officers shouted. Thousands of people grabbed what belongings they could carry and fled. Then a line of hulking excavators moved in, using their hydraulic claws to smash homes into pieces. Within hours, the neighborhood was a ruin” (Huffington Post, 2015). It sounds like a heartbreaking scene from a tragic movie, but this is reality for the Anuak people of Ethiopia, courtesy of the World Bank. In fact, this is just one example of the suffering that was imposed upon the Anuak people. According to the Huffington Post (2015), there are also claims of “rape, murder and torture. In some cases the lenders have continued to bankroll these borrowers after evidence of abuses emerged.”

The World Bank, created in 1944, was made to provide assistance to poverty-stricken or financially unstable countries around the world. Although it originated as an amazing idea, today the World Bank sometimes causes more harm than benefit in the countries that it intends to assist ("International Monetary Fund and World Bank," n.d.). One example of this is the Chixoy Power Project the World Bank funded in Guatemala. In 1978, the project was started " with the intent of “bringing development” to Guatemala" (Russell, 2015). However, this project leads to one of the most horrific genocides in Guatemalan history.

In 1985, the World Bank provided loan for the Polonoroeste project. The project was to pave 1,500 km road and resettle migrants in the Brazilian North West. This project initially aimed at creating a sustainable life for the indigenous community who live in and around the Amazon rain forest in friendly manner. In addition to that there was a planned resettlement program for about 5000 households to live nearby the forest. However, this project a rise a sharp citizen from local as well as international community. “The loan was for what has become perhaps the most notorious multilaterally financed development project ever” Stephen (1986,P.1).

Kiberia, Africa’s largest slums where one million people live, is an “eyesore” in the eyes of Kenya’s president Mwai Kibaki. The place is in an extremely bad sanitary condition, with horrible smell, unpaved narrow streets, mud shacks, rivers are being filled with sewage, and mountains of trash. This is an ideal image of developing-countries poverty in many westerners. Sara Candiracci, one of the members of United Nations Human Settlements Program, even has to utter, “It is not acceptable that Kibera exists.” Thus, the government and the United Nations join hands together to change this area through an experimental slum-upgrading program. This program is said to benefit and reshape

Angry protesting, political upset, governments falling, privatization failing, and money lost are a few outcomes that influence the public opinion on the World Bank, and its involvement in many underdeveloped countries. While the World Bank claims that reducing poverty across the globe is its foremost priority, many opponents believe that it is responsible for increasing poverty. The World Bank is a multifaceted organization that loans money to government around the world for development.

The World Bank is known to fund many infrastructure projects in developing countries, presumably as a means to achieve their goals of increasing development in those countries. Hydroelectric dams are some of the much-maligned infrastructure projects funded by the World Bank. In a report authored by employees of the World Bank itself, the authors themselves highlight the “adverse environmental and related social impacts” of large dams, while attempting to draw a distinction between “relatively good dams and bad dams”. (Ledec & Quintero, 2003)

In a broad sense, NGOs, though relatively recently identified with an acronymic label and as a “third sector” are not new in Kenya (Salamon & Anheier 2002). Both local and international organizations have a long history in the territory. Since 1963, the beginning of Kenya's history as an independent country, the government of Kenya has encouraged the development of indigenous not‐for profit organizations, locally called harambee groups self‐help societies or community‐based organizations (CBOs). Harambee, which literally means, “let’s pull together” in Swahili, was the rally cry of Kenya's first President, Jomo