The World 's First Publicly Traded Company Best Known As United East India Company

On the 31st of December in the year 1600, ‘The Governor and Company of Merchants of London Trading into the East Indies’ received a Royal Charter to be England’s trading representative in India. By they early part of the 17th Century, Britain had already eclipsed Portuguese interests in India. The company bought in cotton, silk, indigo, opium, saltpeter and tea mainly in exchange for silver bullion. These were valuable commodities in Britain at that time. By 1720, 15% of British imports were from India.

During particular time periods whichever product rose to popularity, whether it be cotton, rum, tobacco, or sugar, became the means of buying and selling or trading. Two major products that the people of the “new world” depended on during the early colonial times were tobacco and sugar. Both Virginia and the Caribbean were able to be successful and bloom due to these two major products. Virginia and the Caribbean had many similarities as well as differences on how they changed economically and socially due to tobacco and sugar plantations.

As stated in Paul Freedman’s, Out of the East: Spices and the Medieval Imagination, “The passion for spices underlies the beginning of the European colonial enterprise, a force that remade the demography, politics, culture, economy, and ecology of the entire globe” (Freedman 3). By the mid- fifteenth century, the Silk Road was deteriorating, leaving the world with the solid grasp on trading, as well as supply and demand. Every country and area had developed their “trade mark” and had adequate understanding on the process of trading. At this time, European’s still had many mysteries they were trying to solve, regarding demography, politics, culture, economy, and ecology, as Freedman mentioned. Spices gave European’s the gateway they needed to unlock many new ideas. This new desired commodity enabled European’s to think “outside the box,” which resulted in a multitude of uses for spices, which made them an even more luxurious item. According to Freedman, “Of all the world’s commodities, spices most dramatically affected history because they launched Europe on the path to eventual overseas conquest, a conquest whose success and failure affects every aspect of contemporary world politics” (3). Freedman exhibits here that spices not only affected Europe, but the whole world as well. Spices intertwined Europe with the rest of the world. Because spices were a undiscovered product by most of the world, it was a mystery on how they should be used, and what they should be used with.

So the Europeans have to trade with Asian countries to get spices. The 2 continents are connected by the Ottoman Empire (in the Middle East) lied between them. Of course this empire would tax whatever trade is going through their land. After a while, the Europeans can’t afford to keep the Ottoman Empire happy with the tax, so they decided to explore a sea-route to get to these Asian countries.

In the 17th Century the Netherlands took control of the Banda Islands, successfully gaining monopoly of the spice trade. The Dutch were engaged in competition with the English and Portuguese for control of the Spice Islands, and decided to forcefully establish their control through their Dutch East Indies trading company. At this point the Portuguese presence was decreasing in the Bandas, and the British and British East India trading company were the Dutch’s primary competitors in the East Indies (Milton, 1999).

Before Seed + Mill became a business, there weren't many tahini and halvah stores in the United States. After Lisa Mendelson moved to New York from Israel a few years ago, she found that there was a shortage of quality tahini and halvah cakes. On a trip back to Israel, Mendelson became inspired after watching American tourists tasting halvah in an outdoor market. She was flooded with flashbacks of her childhood—eating sesame seed products such as halvah cakes. Passionate about a familiar product and determined to fill a need in American markets, Mendelson went off to create Seed + Mill with fellow business partners Rachel Simmons and Monica Molenaar.

21. In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries

With the ever emerging civilizations in numerous parts of the world, food aided in linking them together. Food-trade routes acted as inter-boundary communication networks that improved not just commercial exchange but religious and cultural exchange as well. Spice routes that spanned the ancient world resulted in cross cultural fertilization in fields which were very diverse, similar then to the fields of architecture, religion and science. The first geographers began to take interest in people and customs from far away places and put together the first efforts at world maps. But by far the biggest change caused by food trade was as a result of the European need to avoid the Arab spice domination. The result of this was the revelation of a new world, the establishment of first colonial outposts by the European nations and the opening of maritime trade routes

their masks to block out the “Bad smell” So they would not get infected. Many people started to use the spices for medicine so they can stay healthy. They were also used for perfume and a act of wealth.

I previously was unaware that pirates were a major threat to commerce in the Indian Ocean, and that traders had to account for them in their voyages. I thought that pirates were only in the Caribbean Sea, and that they were often hired by the Spanish government to seize cargo. The fact that they were a threat in the Indian Ocean further proves that the Europeans’ determination to be involved in Asian trade was tremendous. The online activity also taught me about which commodities were most profitable. Spices, for example, could generate more profit than precious stones. The creators of the simulation did a terrific job at subtly including facts like these. The only informational weakness I found in “Become a Spice Trader” is that it does not mention the importance of spirits in maritime trade during the time period. Indeed, alcoholic beverages were a highly demanded commodity by Europeans, Asians, and Africans alike (Standage 101-110). Inclusion of them in the simulation would reinforce this

The spice trade began in the Middle East over 4,000 years ago when spices traveled by camel caravans over land routes (“History of”). Most spices involved in the spice trade—including pepper, cinnamon, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, saffron, nutmeg, and clove—were native to tropical and subtropical areas in south and southeast Asia. In Indonesia lies an archipelago named the Moluccas which were often called the spice islands because they were the home of the spice “holy trinity”: nutmeg, clove, and pepper (Ramstedt). Beginning in late medieval times, spices were in high demand in Europe. They were used to preserve meat from the annual slaughter of cattle that could not be fed through the European winter as well as to improve or conceal the taste

Spice trade in the Bible, Solomon’s acquaintance, the Queen of Sheba brought camels laden with spices, around 1900 BC Joseph’s brothers sold him to a roving spice trade caravan.

Perdue is in a very good competitive position. It has gained recognition for becoming one of the top broiler companies in the nation. One strength of Pedrue it that they own their own trucking fleet which they can distribute their own product. A main strength of Perdue Farms is that they refuse to let their product be shipped frozen. Perdue says that if the poultry is shipped frozen, it will loose flavor and moistness when cooked. This strength can result into brand loyalty, because when customers see the name Perdue, they know that the product is fresh not frozen.

iamond Foods, Inc. (hereafter, Diamond, or the Company), is America’s largest walnut processor specializing in processing, marketing, and distributing nuts and other snack products (Reuters 2012). Diamond’s products are distributed globally in stores where snacks and culinary nuts are sold. Its major processing and packaging plant is located in California, the state that accounts for virtually the entire walnut production in the U.S. The Company has approximately 1,700 employees and its stock trades on the NASDAQ market under the symbol DMND. History: From Walnut Processor to Innovative Packaged-Food Company1

Pacific Medical Supply Company was a prominent supplier in the southern California region. They used to supply medical instruments and all other itineraries using a distribution channel consisting of sales commission based Sales force. Jim Shine, the owner of Pacific Medical, started off his career with a background of a salesman at a beach application store. His first venture into the medical supplies business commenced in a garage and slowly climbed up to be a fully fledged business covering Southern California meaning