The Yellow Wallpaper

A Critical Analysis of Formal Elements in the Short Story “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

“The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman takes the form of journal entries of a woman undergoing treatment for postpartum depression. Her form of treatment is the “resting cure,” in which a person is isolated and put on bed rest. Her only social interaction is with her sister-in-law Jennie and her husband, John, who is also her doctor. Besides small interactions with them, most of the time she is left alone. Society believes all she needs is a break from the stresses of everyday life, while she believes that “society and stimulus” (pg 347, paragraph 16) will make

In the short story “The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the narrator and her husband temporarily moved to a house out in the country. They rented the estate because the narrator was having problems with a “nervous depression” and because their house is being renovated. The narrator is given a treatment that tells her to do nothing. No working and especially no writing, only sleeping and eating. She feels, however, as though working or doing something will do her good, so she writes. She writes about how beautiful the house is, her condition, how her husband treats her, and about wallpaper. The narrator talks about the color of the wallpaper, the patterns on it, the smell, and the strange, dead shadowy figures she begins to see behind the pattern. The narrator shows an increasing obsession with the wallpaper. She

The Yellow Paper is a symbolic story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. It is a disheartening tale of a woman struggling to free herself from postpartum depression. This story gives an account of an emotionally and intellectual deteriorated woman who is a wife and a mother who is struggling to break free from her metal prison and find peace. The post-partum depression forced her to look for a neurologist doctor who gives a rest cure. She was supposed to have a strict bed rest. The woman lived in a male dominated society and wanted indictment from it as she had been driven crazy by as a result of the Victorian “rest-cure.” Her husband made sure that she had a strict bed rest by separating her from her child by taking her to recuperate in

“The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a story written about an unnamed woman who battles with an array of separate but coinciding issues, including post-partum depression, which in turn, leads her to become a completely different woman by the end of the story. Although the story of the unnamed woman is a possible parallel to Gilman’s own personal battle with post-partum depression, social norms, and the effects the Rest Cure had on the body, the reader must not compare Gilman’s work to her own separate personal battle and treatment. Moreover, “The Yellow Wallpaper” has several different strong and apparent themes, such as; the oppressive nature of women in the 19 Century, the effects of Silas Weir Mitchells, the Rest Cure,

Feminist studies generally focus on the role that hysterical diagnoses and treatments played in reinforcing the prevailing, male-dominant gender roles through the subversion, manipulation and degrading of female experience through the use of medical treatments and power structures. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “ The Yellow Wallpaper” is a perfect example of these themes. In writing this story, Charlotte Perkins Gilman drew upon her own personal experiences with hysteria. The adoption of the sick-role was a product of-and a reaction against gender norms and all of the pressures and tensions that their satisfaction demanded. Gilman’s essay uses autobiographical experiences displayed as doppelganger quality the in the main narrator of the

John could have obtained council from someone less personally involved in her case, but the only help he sought was for the condition of the house and the baby. He obtained a nanny to watch over the children while he was away at work each day: "It is fortunate Mary is so good with the baby." He also had his sister Jennie take care of the house. "She is a perfect and enthusiastic housekeeper." There is one instance, however, when he does talk of taking her to an expert for assistance, "John says if I don 't pick up faster he shall send me to Weir Mitchell in the fall." Nevertheless she took that as a threat since Dr. Mitchell was even more domineering than her husband and his brother. Perhaps, if she had been allowed to come and go and do as she pleased her depression might have lifted, "I think sometimes that if I were only well enough to write a little it would relieve the press of ideas and rest me." It seems to her that just being able to tell someone how she really feels would have eased her depression, but her husband would not hear of it because of the embarrassing consequences it could bring to the family name. Thus, John has made her a prisoner in their marriage where her opinions are pushed aside, and her self-worthiness questioned.

Introduction: John’s domination over the Narrator is evident from the beginning of the short story. The Narrator remains unknown and takes the identity of John’s wife not an individual human being. This identity, further explored, becomes her personality because she obeys John’s every command.

John, the narrator’s controlling, but loving, husband represents the atypical man of the time. He wants his wife to get better and to be able to fill the role of the perfect wife that society expected from her. John, being a doctor, did not quite believe that her mental illness was out of her control and insisted on

This shows how he has sovereignty over what she does. When she attempts to get out of the house he insists she would not be comfortable with it and would cause her bad notions. Without being able to get out of their house, it causes her to lose all contact with other people besides John. As a result of not being able to talk to other people, she begins to feel a connection with the

"There comes John, and I must put this away -- he hates to have me write a

A Close Reading of The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Gilman uses this psychological horror story to criticize the position of women within the constraints of marriage at this time. We see the narrator’s personality and character change throughout the story spiraling even more into her own insanity. When this story was written ideals suggested that a woman's place was in the private domain of the home, where she should carry out the roles of wife and mother.

Using examples from all of the texts from this specific unit compare and contrast the conflicts that drive these struggles of the main characters. Look for similarities and look for differences within those similarities. Look for differences and look for similarities within those differences.

My perspective of Gilman’s short story, "The Yellow Wall-Paper" is influenced by a great number of different and diverse methods of reading. However, one cannot overlook the feminist theorists’ on this story, for the story is often proclaimed to be a founding work of feminism. Further, the historical and biographical contexts the story was written in can be enlightened by mentioning Gilman’s relationship with S. Weir Mitchell. And I can’t help but read the story and think of Foucault’s concept of Panopticism as a method of social control. Lastly, of course, there’s the psychological perspective on the story, although in my readings of psychology, particularly the psychological knowledge surrounding both women and queers, I find the

The narrator’s feelings of inferiority and powerlessness parallels the female figure she sees trapped behind the pattern in the wall-paper adorning her room. She gradually withdraws from both John and reality by locking herself in the room and ultimately merging with the figure. Through the changing image of the pattern from a “fait figure” (Gilman 46) to a “woman stooping” (Gilman 46) behind the paper and “shaking the bars” (Gilman 46) as if she wanted “to get out” (Gilman 46), we can see her becoming one with the figure: “I pulled and she shook, I shook and she pulled, and before morning we had peeled off yards of that paper.”(51) Her collapse into madness as reflected in her behavior with the “bedstead [that] is fairly gnawed” (Gilman 51) and her “creeping all around” (Gilman 50) is a direct result of her passive submissiveness to John’s control of her life.