The concept of cloning has been around since the 1800’s, although, in the field of scientists, it

Animal cloning started without the world even knowing. First, an animal clone is “an exact physical copy of one ‘parent’” (Newman 12). “Animal cloning experiments began in the 1960’s. Frogs were the first subjects. By 1987 scientists had begun cloning cows and other mammals” (Newman 12). Dolly the sheep was the first big cloning success, credited to Ian Wilmut in 1996 (Praded 21). This sheep was a scientific breakthrough, but it also caused many people to question the intents of scientists. Many people wondered if scientists would clone humans next. The original intent of animal cloning was not for the food industry. The reason animal cloning started was to find a way to help cure currently untreatable diseases (“Why Do Scientists Clone?”). By cloning cells, scientists will be able to manipulate the cells to become something new.

Six years ago, an event in genetic history changed our perspective on "reproduction" and added to our conscience a new element in the study of biology. On February 23, 1997, the world was introduced to Dolly, a 6-month-old lamb that was cloned from a single cell taken from the tissue of an adult donor. Ever since the birth of this sheep, a question that never before existed now lingers in the mind of many: should human cloning be a part of our society?

We’ve all seen the movies. A person gets in a tube. The scientist, usually equipped with crazy hair, pushes a few button and a huge flash of light occurs. Two people walk out completely identical. And of course we know movies would never lie to us. The first cloning of a mammal, while not quite the mad scientist scene expected, was still an amazing event. It was a sheep, later named Dolly. One day, in the not so distant future, we can all use these techniques to clone our dearly passed pets or even family members. Dolly was cloned in 1996 using reproductive cloning and since then many things thought unthinkable twenty years ago have been achieved.

Cloning is the production of an organism with genetic material identical to that of another organism. The word cloning comes from the Greek work klon, meanings “twig,” involves the production of genetically identical animals by a process of nuclear transfer. On July 5th, 1996, at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, a scientific breakthrough occurred when Dolly, a Finn Dorset sheep, was born. (Seidel, 682) “We transfered 29 eggs into a recipient and only one of them became a live lamb. So you can see it’s a very exciting and encouraging result. The efficiencies are poor and there’s a need for a lot more research.”(npr.org) Where it is a controversial subject, the cloning of dolly the sheep affected the world in a positive way and helped advance medical research in finding cures for diseases.

in any other method can now have children through cloning. I’m sure you all know some families or family members who are currently dealing with infertility. Would you rather see them suffer without a child or see them happy with a child? Infertility is due to genetic flaws, damages to the generative organs, hereditary deficiencies and exposure to deadly materials and radioactivity. According to the CDC, about 7 million Americans are infertile at child bearing age. Cloning offers infertile people a higher chance of success. The cause for infertility is the lack of production of feasible gametes and through cloning there is no need for feasible sperms or eggs; any cell from the body would do. It would avoid faulty gametes and let infertile people to have their own genetic offspring. Infertility leads to despair, divorce, and suicide, but these can be counteracted through cloning. The article “Should Humans Be Cloned” published in New York Times highly supports this

Science today is developing at warp speed. We have the potential to do many things, which include the cloning of actual humans and animals. The question no longer seems to be if we will clone humans, but when? Somewhere, sometime, a human clone will be born. This fact has exploded the world into a global debate. Will large armies of soldiers be raised to fight our wars? Or perhaps we will create a race of slaves to do our dirty work. Cloning is becoming more credible and concrete idea rather than a bizarre dream that would never come true. The process of cloning inevitably involves throwing away fertilized embryos. At the current stage of development, many of the embryos selected to live fail to develop and eventually die before

Cloning Dolly, the sheep in 1996 was a momentous moment in scientific history. Scientists removed the nucleus from one of Dolly 's skin cells and engineered an egg to be insert with then nucleus. This egg could have fertilized in a mothers ' uterus. Following this discovery, mice, pigs and cattle have been cloned based on the same concept. In 2012, a group of scientists took cloning a step further and cloned human embryos. With great certainty, human cloning will be banned by the government due to human rights. The government has already deemed it illegal to fund human cloning projects. Despite the human rights issue, cloning serves a great role in research. These cloned embryos will help understand the biological nature of human cells and the human body. Also the embryos will help advance medical treatments for a wide variety of diseases. Cloning is vital to genetic engineering. Problems do arise from such an advancement. Exploration of women would be a major issue due to the fact that these cloned embryos need to be implanted into a women 's ' uterus in order to under go gestation. Almost all scientific developments pose positive and negative outcomes.

I will first speak on cloning and all the details having to do with it. Clones are living beings that are correct hereditary duplicates. Each and every piece of their DNA is indistinguishable. Clones can happen actually indistinguishable twins are only one of numerous illustrations. Or, on the other hand they can be made in the lab. Many individuals first knew about cloning when Dolly the Sheep appeared on the scene in 1997. Fake cloning advancements have been around for any longer than Dolly, however. There are two approaches to make a correct hereditary duplicate of a living being in a lab which are artificial embryo twinning and Somatic cell nuclear transfer.

According to Mosby’s Medical Dictionary, the term “cloning” is defined as “a procedure for producing multiple copies of genetically identical organisms or cells or of individual genes.” Researchers have conducted several cloning experiments over the years, replicating tissues, organs, and even full organisms such as Dolly the Sheep in 1997. The history of cloning dates back to the early 1900’s when Hans Adolf Edward Dreisch studied the results of separating two-celled sea urchin embryos (“The History of Cloning”). The process has since evolved and become a process that is widely talked about amongst doctors, scientists and the general public. The process of cloning has been predicted to play a significant role in medical advancements in the near future. The main areas of which cloning could potentially affect are treatments for various diseases through organ replacement and infertility. As many topics in science, controversy exists regarding the subject of cloning in addition to its’ advantages and disadvantages.

Reproductive cloning has been shown to be unethical through scientific evidences. Human cloning has proven to cause uncertain health defects, contradicted religious beliefs, and diminished the value of life. Reproductive cloning is currently prohibited in the United States, but in other countries, it is legal. Some individuals have started protesting against human cloning. Solutions to end this horrendous procedure is to enforce reproductive cloning to be prohibited throughout countries/continents and discontinue research regards to human cloning. Infertility couples and gender-identical couples have other options such as adoption and In Vitro fertilization. Medical schools and students should raise awareness concerning the dangers of cloning. Counseling groups with family members and individuals who lost their loved ones would be another solution.

A quote from an American Physician Hermann M. Biggs, states that “The human body is the only machine for which there are no spare parts.” Cloning is the process of duplicating an embryo, flesh or other parts of an organism. The thought of human cloning has been a hot topic ever since the birth of Dolly the cloned sheep. Dolly revolutionized the advancement of cloning and science in general. Now a days, scientists have been researching stem cells for medical treatment. Also, scientists have been trying to develop a successful human clone embryo. Their research has led to some scientists claiming that they have successfully created a human embryo by cloning, but it turned out to be a hoax. While scientists try to create human clones, society is in an everlasting conflict between ethical standards. Some believe cloning should be outright prohibited. However, others

Technology has enabled people to realize many things their ancestors would not have even dreamed of. Cloning is absolutely one of them. Having identical twins without being born on the same they is like a dream come true. But what is cloning exactly? Cloning ,particularly in biotechnology, is the process used to create copies of DNA fragment, cells, or organisms. Attempts at cloning might go back to much earlier times such as the attempt made by Hans Dreisch in the late 1800’s to clone a sea urchin, but it was not until 1951, when the first successful clone of frog egg was created, that goal was finally achieved. Still, the world had to wait for another 44 years before the first mammal was cloned. It was certainly sensational when the first cloned mammal, a sheep named Dolly was born on 5th July 1996. Since it was a milestone in human story, Dolly gained a world-wide fame overnight and took its place in the front pages of many newspapers and even tabloids next to celebrities. However, there is a painful twist to this otherwise happy story because the death of Dolly at the age of six brought about an intense debate particularly about the ethical side of cloning and it has been a controversial issue ever since. Despite of all the debate it has caused among

Human cloning, long the subject of science fiction, is today a practical reality. Recent breakthroughs, most renowned the cloning of a sheep from an adult cell in Scotland in 1997, have caused the world to acknowledge that human cloning is indeed possible. Governments around the world immediately attempted to address the issue of human cloning, with varying levels of success. At the same time the pace of cloning technology continued to accelerate.

Scientific experimentation has led us to many great discoveries such as: Chemotherapy, heart surgery, and bone marrow transplants. Recently scientists have discovered a new way to heal humans. This is known as cloning. Although they have yet to clone a human they have cloned sheep. Cloning has brought up a huge controversy among the American people. There are two sides to the story. Either you agree with cloning or you don’t. The only way to help make that decision is to look at the good and bad points of cloning.

Based from Human Genome Project Information (n.d.), “Cloning is a term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material.” It means creating a genetically identical copy of an organism. Scientists attempted to clone animals for many years. In fact, there are hundreds of cloned animals existing today. It started in 1952 when a tadpole was cloned. But worldwide attention and concerns only aroused in 1997 when Ian Wilmut and his colleagues at Roslin Institute in Scotland were able to clone a lamb, named Dolly (Bonsor and Conger, n.d.).