The muscle, joints, movement components involved in the soccer "bicycle kick", including physcial test suggestions and biomechanial principles involved

The relationship between the principles of training and physiological adaptations has a significant impact on performance. Many factors need to be addressed in a training program to make it a successful one for a particular athlete and thus improve their performance.

i) identify the components of fitness required to play these sports effectively (minimum of three)

Evaluation of the Components of Fitness and an Analysis to Their Relevance of Touch Football

Physical Development: Helping with coordination of body parts and how you can use hands and feet to move things. How to control your movements in an effective manner. The importance of a good, healthy diet and how it can affect performance.

The left metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal (great and lesser toes) joints are held at slight flexion pressed against the ground by a concentric contraction of the flexor halluces longus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum longus. The left talocrural (ankle) is plantar flexed using a concentric contraction of the gastrocnemius and the soleus. The right talocrural (ankle) is plantar flexed by a concentric contraction of the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius. The left tibiofermoral (knee) joints are being extended by a concentric contraction of the quadriceps muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius). The right metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal (great and lesser toes) are being held plantar flexed due to an isometric contraction of the flexor halluces longus, flexor digtorum longus. The right tibiofermoral (knee) joints are flexed at a 90-degree angle by a concentric contraction of the biceps femoris, semitendinous, semimembranosus. During this phase the left acetabular fermoral (hip) joint is flexed due to an eccentric contraction of the rectus femoris, pectineus, iliacus, and psoas. The right acetabular fermoral (hip) joint is at slight extension due to a concentric contraction of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the gluteus

Authors, Sanneh and Heinrich describe in “Why We Run” and “What Could Be Better Than a Touchdown”, that mental agility is just as important as physical prowess in sports. They use many examples with how football and running needs both of these elements to perform their best while the sports they do.

• Fitness: methods, protocols and principles to physically, mentally and emotionally prepare, mitigate and compensate for specific occupational, recreational and lifestyle stressors.

Nutrition is one of the most important factors in athletic performance. It provides athletes with the energy to perform their best in practice and in games. Nutrition is important in all sports, but it is especially relevant for endurance athletes who participate in sports such as running, swimming, and cycling. Regular moderate intensity physical activity has significant benefits for health. For example, it can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, colon and breast cancer, and depression (Lee, 2005).

Many fields including exercise and fitness science, kinesiology, physical education and athletic and fitness training are all closely related fields of sports medicine dealing with the treatment, development and interaction of sports and the human body, as well as studying the mechanics of the human body (Powell and Jurning, 2003). The exercise and fitness aspect encompasses sports nutritionist, athletic trainers, biomechanics and occupational physiologists. On the other hand,

To a competitive runner, for example, fitness is measured in faster times and longer distances; fitness means fit or conditioned for beating the other guy, the clock, or one’s previous best. To the Olympic athlete, fitness is ultimately measured in terms of gold medals and world records. To the plodder, fitness is measured perhaps in simply getting through the next

There are five health related fitness components: body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, muscle strength, and muscle endurance. Consequently, body composition is the amount of muscle, bone, fat, etc. that makes up our bodies. Cardiorespiratory endurance is the body’s ability to continuously provide enough energy to sustain submaximal levels of exercise. Flexibility is the movement available at the joints, usually controlled by the length of one’s muscles. Additionally, muscle strength is the ability of a muscle to exert a force to overcome a resistance. Muscle endurance is the ability of a muscle to make repeated contractions over a period of time. However, understanding what these five health related fitness components are important, it is also

In sports like basketball or soccer, aerobic endurance (slower paced but for long periods of time) is the most important type of conditioning. In a sport like football, anaerobic endurance (faster paced but for short intervals) is a more physically important attribute.

During the process, an incrementation in certain muscles' pre-lengthening can be observed. The pre-lengthening contributes to the athlete being an explosive kicker. Also found that through training, male and female athletes have developed different techniques of kicking, which can be characterized by run-up angle, trunk flexion and the dynamic posture after ball contact

Soccer ranges from recreational to professional level. Those who participate at recreational level tend to be of a younger age or unfamiliar and inexperienced regarding the sport. The professional level consists of experienced athletes who are highly familiar with the aspects of soccer. One of those defining aspects is kicking. This section will evaluate the kinetic comparisons of side-foot soccer kick between experienced and inexperienced players. A study conducted by the University of North Carolina’s School of Medicine focuses on the kinetic

Physical training focuses on mechanistic goals: training-programs in this area develop specific skills, movements or muscles, often with a view of reaching a peak at a particular time. Some physical training programs focus on developing overall physical fitness, while others, are focused on sport specific skills, techniques and tactics. Regardless of the training style, the touch points of this programs are: