The port-city of Caesarea Maritima and the harbor were built by Herod the Great between 25 and 13

Building the Parthenon was a greater feat than they ever would have known. Work on the Parthenon began in 477 BC. A much smaller shrine already stood on this site, one to which we can attribute various pieces of surviving decorative material--lions and snakes, a cornice incised with flying birds, and a blue-bearded trinity that may conceivably represent Cecrops, Erechtheus, and Poseidon. If such an edifice in fact existed, it was torn down to make way for a huge limestone platform, roughly 252 by 103 feet in size, that was built as a base for the new temple. The slope of the Acropolis was such that while on the north side the foundations rested directly on bedrocks, the southeast corner needed to be built up with no

The Greeks finished building an exquisite temple to their beloved goddess, Athena in the year 432 BCE. (Sayre 60). The name of this enriched, unique temple was the Parthenon. The Parthenon took the Greeks approximately fifteen years to complete and as Pericles stated, it was built to give gratitude to their goddess Athena for the salvation of their city, Athens and all of Greece in the Persian Wars (Sayre 60). It was also a symbol of their power and superiority among other cultures. It was something the Greeks took great pride in and recognized it to a great extent. The Parthenon was built on the highest point of the city of Athens to look over the precious Greek city. On the exterior walls of the Parthenon there was beautiful artwork that

The arch is large with both fluted and unfluted columns, the latter being a result of 19th century restoration.[2] The spandrels on the upper left and right of the arch contain personifications of victory as winged women. Between the spandrels is the keystone, on which there stands a female on the East side and a male on the West side.[2]

In the article “Building a Roman City” by David Macaulay, the author describes the design and building process of Verbonia, a Roman city. Building Verbonia required both intelligence and physical strength. Intelligence and physical strength contributed to the building of Verbonia equally because of the elaborate ways the workers built the city and the equally complex way the city was designed.

The columns in this architecture provided the main support for the structure. What is unique to the Parthenon, are the series of optic illusions. This structure was created to house the great statue of Athena while demonstrating to the world Athenian

The Punic Wars were a series of conflicts between Rome and Carthage for control of the Mediterranean. They are called the Punic Wars because the word “Punic” is derived from the Roman word for Phoenician, in reference to the Carthaginians’ ancestry. Carthage was founded by settlers from Phoenicia on the fertile land of North Africa. The Phoenicians were known as brave and skillful sailors and merchants. By the third century BC, Carthage became a substantially strong power of the Western Mediterranean. It was considered the richest city in the world. All maritime trade between East and West Mediterranean went through it. Hundreds of ships transported goods from all over the world. The city, built up with tall buildings, had 700 thousand inhabitants. The Greek colonies in Sicily and Southern Italy were the only serious competition to Carthage. There was a continuous struggle between them for the possession of the island for 100 years, since the end of the fifth century BC. Four times the Carthaginians conquered the island. However, they could not take the city of Syracuse.

After these events the Carthaginian Empire decided to use their Navy as one of the strategies to win the war. What they didn’t know is that the Romans had built many ships and armed them with a

The city was founded by Alexander the Great in the year 331 BC with an objective to link the land of the Pharaohs with the Greek world both materially and culturally. The planning and building

Questions about Image Set 1: Acropolis, Athens 101. The gateway to this site, visible in the foreground at the lower right, is called the: a. Erechtheion b. Parthenon c. Temple of Hera d. Stoa of Attalus e. Propylaia 102. The main temple shown at the upper right is dedicated to: a. Athena b. Erectheus c. Portunus d. Aphrodite 103. The primary function of the main temple shown at the upper right is: a. an interior gathering space for worshippers b. a venue for religious games c. a house for the statue of a god or goddess d. a fortification high on a hill 104. The site shown in plan and reconstruction is known as the: a. Great

The ship roman traders used for trading by sea was called the Corbitas. In Document 2, they described the trade ship as “ A round-hulled ship with curving prow and stern.” And also praising the Corbitas in context by stating “The Corbitas could carry a maximum of 600 passengers, or an alternative maximum of 6,000 jars of wine, oil, and other liquids; cargo weighing between 70 and 350 tons.” These trading ships also transported the surplus of goods faster than a cart could on land, Document 2 supports this by adding an example that stated “It took only two to three weeks for a ship to travel from Egypt to Rome.” And sea trade was so important romans built deep harbors in key locations to increase its effectiveness, at their peak, Rome constructed lighthouses in 40 different locations to help sailors navigate at night or in environments where their vision was obscured. Sea trade ultimately became Rome’s best and most efficient trading routes, and raked in a lot of money for Rome, and became one of Rome’s best economy boosters in their

Sea lanes provided a lot for the Roman Empire. It helped expand the empire and encourage interaction. Trade, also took place mostly through the waters

Carthage was founded around 813 BCE by the Phoenician Queen Elissa also known as Dido. Originally the city was called Kart-hadasht, but the Greeks called it Karchedon and then the Romans changed it to Carthago. The city started off as only a small port on the coast used for short stops, however over time Carthage became the most powerful city in the Mediterranean before the progression of Rome. After the fall of the Phoenician city of Tyre in 332 BCE, Carthage became the new center of Phoenician trade with a harbor made up of 220 docks in a semi-circle. The Carthaginians enslaved and demanded money from native africans in the area and grew the city in size. They also became very successful in trading. In less then one hundred years Carthage became the richest city in the Mediterranean.

Let us begin with the two boats inside of the shield. These two boats represented the activity of buying and selling in (New York State).

To make travel easier, the Romans built roads which would aide the travel between villas and the city and the city’s baths were located south-east of town. Temples and their Doric architecture existed throughout Rome, her colonies and provinces and was used for the worship of Roman gods. Unlike temples, basilicas were situated in the center of town and was used as meeting halls, as well as conducting administrative

7). He wanted Egypt as part of his growing empire. Not long after in 323 BC, however, Alexander died and left this newly established city to his half brother and baby son. Alexander’s childhood friend, Ptolemy, soon came to rule over the city and Alexandria began rising. Ptolemy had plans for the city and began building innovative roads and two sea harbors. With these new developments, authors note, the “fundamental plan of the greatest city in the ancient world was complete.” Houses, slaves, cattle, and taxpayers were being taken from surrounding villages and given to the capital city of Alexandria. When Ptolemy’s son and successor (Ptolemy II) began his rule on the city, he, too, threw himself into developing Alexandria and created a currency that could be used to sell and trade. Structures were built, such as temples and the lighthouse, and Alexandria was becoming known as “the light of the world” (p. 92).