The 's Equations Of The Universe

With the Big Bang theory established, scientists needed to understand how this theory could create our observable

Researchers in astronomy have proved that our universe did in fact have a beginning. The Big Bang Theory is a scientific theory that explains what might have happened at the very beginning of our universe and explains how it all started. This theory suggests that our universe began as hot, tiny particles mixed with light and lots of condensed energy. The focus of the Big Bang theory is to describe what happened within and after the moment our universe started to expand, but also to theorise what happened before that. To be perfectly clear, we cannot give a definite answer to this question. However, scientists have provided many theories to describe what happened before the Big Bang. Some of these theories are the Bouncing Universe theory, the Hibernating Universe theory and A Multiverse theory (dark energy).

The Economist’s article “The most beautiful theory” discusses Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity. It explains the origins of general relativity through Einstein’s initial thought experiments that eventually led to the realization that the university functions in four dimensions (“three spatial dimensions, one temporal one”) and that mass curved space-time, creating gravity. Over time, Einstein’s theory was verified by observations, such as those made by Arthur Eddington when he noticed the skew of light around the sun during an eclipse, which could only have been due to distorted space-time. His theory has also been expanded over the years as physicists try to combine general relativity with

Through wonder and complicated thinking Einstein gave a strong argument on how space and time could be curved. By Einstein creating this theory he completely altered the way we could think of space and time. Einstein pictured space as a three-dimensional version of a thin rubber sheet. If you put a heavy object on the sheet, it makes a dent, and therefore an object's path would be affected by that dent. So, planets orbit the sun because “the space around the sun is curved in the 2-D equivalent of a funnel or basin”.( http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/20th_people_einstein.html) “The curvature of space results in the effects of gravity. This notion of curved space becomes more tangible . . . occurs because its curvature of space”. (http://www.fi.edu/learn/case files/einstein/curved.html) Einstein introduced this special theory of relativity because it dealt only with the special case of motion in frames of reference that are neither increasing nor decreasing to the viewer. In other words, “the frames of the reference are . . . a consistent speed in a straight line”. (Jake Goldberg pg.47) Einstein also changed how we now think about gravity itself! He came up with his own theory of gravity as well, called Equivalence Principle. “Einstein said that when he was sitting in a chair in the patent office at Bern when all of a sudden a thought occurred to me: 'If a person falls freely he will not feel his own weight.' I was

Allan Poe states in his essay on cosmology titled Eureka, that “space and duration are one.” To many, this is portrayed as the first known instance of suggesting space and time to be joined together as one thing. Albert Einstein's 1905 theory of special relativity is the very beginning of a theory related concept of spacetime, but the first mathematical theory of spacetime actually created by one of his own early teachers named Hermann Minkowski. He created the concept of “Minkowski Space” which is the earliest recommendation to the treatment of space and time as two separate entities of one unified whole. The idea of Minkowski space has led up to special relativity being viewed more so in a geometrical way rather than a scientific and mathematical way. Minkowski space is described as the mathematical formation for which special relativity can be conveniently formulated. In this setting the three dimensions of space are combined with one dimension of time to create a four-dimensional whole expressed together as spacetime.

Before Newton talked about gravitation the main knowledge of scientists was a elementary knowledge of optics, mechanics and astronomy.Copernicus Kepler and Galileo provided the background knowledge of the stars and planets, but Newton used their data to discover the whole gravitational system.10Newton reasoned that the planets and all other physical objects in the universe moved through mutual attraction of gravity.Newton said that every other object in the universe affected every other object through gravity.This explained why the planets move in an orderly fashion. Newton found that “the force of gravity towards the whole planet did arise from and was compounded of the forces of gravity towards all it’s parts, and towards every one part was in the inverse proportion of the squares of the distances from this part.”Newton proves all of this mathematically. This was known to be the single most important contribution to physics that ever has been made.11

Most people have heard the story of Newton, the one were he claims that his idea of gravity came from an apple. This story is told something like this… Newton was outside his house under a tree reading, suddenly an apple fell from the tree and he started think about the force that pulled that apple down. During this time everybody thought that the planets and the way they circled the earth was by the machine theory, they thought it all worked like a machine. Newton, he was not very convinced that. He started predicting that the force pulling the apple down and keeping the moon and orbit around the earth were all the

Not only that, but a lot of the science were correctly given correlating to Newton’s Laws and Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. The The visualization of Gargantua revealed that black holes’ "accretion disks" of infalling material were twisted into intricate and unique shapes — a find that had quite an effect on Kip Thorne.

In the times before Newton, religion dominated how people viewed the world around them. Many believed that God had complete control. This left very little room for things like mathematical laws that could explain things like gravity. Newton's laws explain many things like gravity between objects and the movement of the planets around the solar system. Before he did the math to explain these occurrences, much was unknown about things like the shape of orbits of the planets. The math Newton did resulted in equations that can explain cause and effect relationships of objects in space. For example Newton's laws of gravity can explain the tides on Earth. Due to gravitational pull from the Moon, water in the oceans is pulled in the direction of

Accordingly, from the beginning of infinity history, from the Greeks, into the works of Newton, Plato, Aristotle, Galileo and Cantor’s ultimate discovery of the actual infinite. Starting from the beginning of the “What” is Infinity, not just a number, but can ultimately be anything that can be compared in a one to one correspondence without counting. Moreover, the “How” is infinity used in mathematics, encompassing most areas of modern mathematical fields, religion and physical infinities. Specifically, surrounding the areas of space, time, Metaphysics, Calculus, and Fractals. Then finally, ending with the “Now” of Infinity used in three distinct genres. That being mathematics, physical and the third metaphysical infinities. For instance, mathematically using set theory, or counting numbers. Physically, utilized in the occupations of Cosmology and Physics. Metaphysically searching for the ultimate possibilities of the One or a God of choice. These sections, What, How, and Now of Infinity have brought up many areas to continue studying and to reflect on that constant discovery of infinity. Since the essence of the word, infinity means endlessness, limitlessness or boundlessness. Leaving the research and discovery of infinity into the same state of the

In short the theory provides one explanation for the creation and continued existence of the universe. The most common theory for the ‘Hot’ Big Bang is that 13.7 billion years ago the universe began as a singularity (a single point in space–time when matter is infinitely dense) then began to expand at a rapid rate.

During this time, string theory was losing supporters. It had only provided us with the theories of massless particles, and tachyons, particles that move faster than light. Until, one day, a scientist who had been rearranging and adjusting the equation thought, "maybe this is gravity we're talking about…"

Einstein’s theory of Relativity hinges on two axioms: the laws of physics are the same for all frames of reference, and the speed of light in a vacuum is constant. In his famous train thought experiment, Einstein proved that the order of events depends on the location of the observer. In essence, he proved time dilation: or the phenomena that time bends and contracts. Eventually, he realized time dilation is a necessary consequence of keeping the speed of light in a vacuum constant everywhere in the universe, leading him to eventually conclude that space and time are not separate, distinct entities, but one linked dimension: spacetime. This single dimension, because it stretches and contracts, allows for unusual interactions between space

The Newtonian concept of space claims that space exists as an entity in its own right. This concept is the most user friendly, and it is similar to the common sense view that most people grow up with. That is, we experience objects around us as exist in a void of space, where that void itself can exist on its own. Objects exist in this space, which is an infinite entity. The theory claims that through our sense, sight, touch extra, we learn about the world. We learn from our senses about space and how it works. We start of in the world with no idea of space and through a trial and area type system of learning, we being to understand the nature of space and of objects in it. Space exists and we lean of its existence though life experience.

While perusing certain articles on the news-aggregator app Flipboard, I came across a blog post from the Huffington Post entitled ‘The Infinity Inside.’ The compelling title gave way to an even more intriguing body, which referred to infinity not in mathematical terms but as an abstract principle that governs the universe. This encounter instigated a profound curiosity in me, spurring me to investigate the concept of infinity further; after searching “how large is infinity” on the Internet, I discovered a TedEd video exploring the central question ‘How Big is Infinity?’ This video introduced me to the idea that there exist multiple forms of infinity, many of which are actually larger than each other. This prompted