many, the word Rorschach is quite unknown and to others it is simply known as the inkblot test and even then, the real meaning of the Rorschach test is never acknowledged. The Rorschach inkblot test is a psychological projective test of personality in which a subject’s interpretation of ten standard abstract designs are analyzed as measure of emotional and intellectual functioning and combination. Also, like other projective techniques, “it is based on the principle that subjects viewing neutral, ambiguous stimuli will project their own personalities onto them, thereby revealing a variety of unconscious conflicts and motivations.” (Aronow; p 25)
According to the course syllabus we were introduced to the techniques of psychological research. This course was able to provide an understanding of how research is done, and what methods we can use to do so. By having a clear understanding of research and techniques used, it allows us to communicate effectively in regards to ideas behind the research process. In this paper, I will use myself as the case study to examine exactly what I learned about research.
When reporting data, it is important to analyze both measures of central tendency and measures of variability because each are equally important to accurately make conclusions. Central tendency provides the researcher with three scores that alone can be misleading, especially in the case of extreme values. Therefore, variability is calculated to explain how fluctuated the scores and inform the researcher of the major differences within the data set. The five traits of Psychology were analyzed with both types of descriptive statistics to inform the researcher of the most accurate depiction of the data.
To administer the test, an examiner, trained in the field of psychology, presents one inkblot at a time and the person he assesses says what each card portrays based on his emotional, and intellectual state. The examiner keeps notes of clients verbal interpretation as well as his nonverbal behavioral responses, such as silence, facial expressions, and gestures. Next, he asks the client based on which perceptions, internal (personality) and/or external (inkblot) characteristics he utilized or was influenced by in order to respond, and once again the administrator keeps notes. Afterwords, the responses are categorized and evaluated based on client's distinguished observations and/or movements derived from the cards,
This paper introduces the overview of personality assessment approaches in use currently in society. It proceeds to review the big five personality measures, its validity in prediction of personality types (Archer, 2011). The topic on MIPS questionnaires use in personality measurements and scoring methods used by the system is reviewed. Aspects on the social desirability trait and the distortion produced in responses to evaluation questionnaires, being a significant part of the problems in personality assessment is examined. Social desirability does not have an influence on the predictive validity of personality assessments. It is not related to performance in the job. Various strategies used for reduction of social desirability have been studied. The various tools used in assessments are recapitulated including some methodological aspects (Weiner, 2009). Cultural aspects in evaluation of personality discussed are touched upon. Two case studies are used to show the real life situation of personality assessment.
Everybody has his or her own type of personality. We all act in a certain way that makes us who we are. It is believed that our parents, peers and, the environment we grow up in, shape us. Personality is describes as a combination of emotions, attitude, and behavioral patterns of an individual. There is a reason that we are the way we are and there are many theories that go along with that. Different theorist present their own definitions of the word personality based on their own theoretical positions. Which brings us to discussing Carl Jung’s theory of analytical psychology and Harry
Human behavior can be explored by taking a look at the different aspects of a person’s life. These aspects include the biological, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual. These aspects can help social workers better understand the background history of a person’s life and gather information in order to do an accurate assessment of a person. This paper does not intend to make an assessment but it’s rather an informative paper in order to discover and understand the various systems of a person’s life. Furthermore this paper will also focus on how these systems interact with one another.
This vastly researched and thriving subfield of psychology is concerned with basic methods used to identify similarities and differences among individual’s personal characteristics and capacities. Assessment involves more than mere administration of tests i.e.: collection and integration of information attained from various sources like interviews, behavioural observations, reports, psychological tests and historical documents in order to attain a complete picture of a person’s state.
Things All Return and Repeat In “The Empathy Exams,” Leslie Jamison examines the level of empathy and the way to approach it more than just saying a word or showing some kindness and call it empathy. From the first place that the narrator tries to understand the character in the script as a medical actor and grades medical students of the trope of showing empathy towards a patient, she delves into the meaning of the word that empathizing is something we perhaps can easily utter, but it may be very complicated to understand other people’s experience and feelings indeed. The last two paragraphs of the essay almost sum up the whole essay by repeating the narrator’s feelings all the way through her sufferings which make her understand the character
Did you ever ask yourself who you really are? The Rorschach test tries to answer to this question. The Rorschach test is a projective test which means the subjects projects his unconscious mind and thoughts in the image to describe and explain it. There are a lot of different projective tests, but in this case, an inkblot test. In this essay we will discuss whether this test is still valid or not. We are firstly going to present you the creator of this test and what it is all about, after that, we will present you the different inkblots and what they reveal, and finally we will debate on the reasons that pushes this test to be more invalid than valid.
Assessors would chose instruments that answer the referral questions. Therefore, the chosen instrument must be able to provide information that is well-found and to accurately identify a targeted trait and/or phenomena (Groth-Marnat, 2009). A number of criticisms on the Rorschach are related to its reliability and validity. Such criticism pointed to the importance of organized coding system. Due to Rorschach’s passing shortly after publishing the test, the instrument was utilized without a standard system. The comprehensive system (CS), which was introduced by J. E. Exner, Jr., has provided much needed standardization to the assessment method (Groth-Marnat, 2009; Weiner, 1999, 2001). More recently, another group of researchers developed a system known as the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) (Meyer & Eblin, 2012; see Meyer, Viglione, Mihura, Erard, & Erdberg, 2011). These systems have been proposed in the effort towards standardlization and increased validity (Choca, 2013). Of these two systems, CS is the most frequently used (Groth-Marnat,
The Thematic Apperception Test or TAT was developed during the 1930s by the American psychologist Henry A. Murray and psychoanalyst Christiana D. Morgan at the Harvard Clinic at Harvard University. The TAT is published by Harvard University Press. The cost is $81 per test. The test takes a total of 200 minutes to give. It is given in two 100-minute sessions one day apart. The population that the TAT is given to are ages 4 and over.
In many cases, therapists use these tests to learn qualitative information about a client. Some therapists may use projective tests to encourage the client to discuss issues or examine thoughts and emotions. Additionally, projective tests that do not have standard grading scales tend to lack both validity and reliability. Validity refers to whether or not a test is measuring what it purports to measure, while reliability refers to the consistency of the test results (Cohen, et al., 2013)
Psychological tests or psychological assessments are an important asset in the field of psychology. These tests are designed to measure people’s characteristics which pertain to behavior. There are a variety of different types of tests that can be used to assess different types of behaviors. According to the specific behavior or behaviors being assessed, tests are
Projective tests allow many psychologists to assess unconscious aspects of personality, a great advantage of projective testing is that since the subject doesn't know how can his or her response will be interpreted dues to the fact that there is no grading scale to go by, the subject is not easily led to lie or fake his or her personality traits. On the downside the responder's attitude can easily be influenced by the test setting, also since there is no grading scale the test results tend to lack validity and reliability, since the results may vary by examiners.