Foster discusses the possibility of interaction between the East and the West. Literature forms a major part in the interaction between nations. The concept of the West on the East is that they are simply barbarians, uncultured and illiterates and meant to be ruled and controlled. The West considers the East as orients and in literal an image of the “Other”. The basic idea of orientalism is that east is what is not west but it is mysterious, holy, dark, strange, attractive and barbaric. In their concept and perception, East is unreasonable and people there are not themselves and therefore need to be ruled.
Right from the beginning till the end, the novel “A Passage to India”, picturizes India as a holy nation, known for its ageless history,
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Forster pours out his own conception of colonized India based on his several visits to India. The description of nature, the caves, and the people with reference to their culture shows the hegemony of the West on the East.
In the beginning of the novel, the characters are discussing as to whether it is possible to be friends with the English man or not. Further it brings to picture the existence of bribe, which the British people practised in India. They accept it and do nothing. Mrs. Moore says, “The English are out here to be pleasant”.
Mrs. Moore is a British woman who has perfect understanding of India and has good understanding of the
Indians. Mrs. Moore and Adela are the British women who come to India to understand the “real” India: India is really for older. They present caves as “dark caves”. Even when they open towards the sun, very little light penetrates down the entrance – tunnel into the circular chamber. This states that the country is still in darkness without light of freedom and selfhood. Cave represents the country.
While Aziz talks to Mrs. Moore and Miss Quested, they converse about the Mughal emperors, Babur,
Humayun, Akbar and Aurangzeb. “Akbar never repented of the new religion he invented instead of the Holy
Disney’s Aladdin is a fit example of misrepresentation of diverse cultures from a Westernized perspective. Disney is famous for lending representations of world from a Western viewpoint. According to Edward Said, orientalism is a way of expressing Arab peoples and Islamic cultures as compared to Western or European society (Palestine Diary). Said’s explains orientalism is the framework that we use to
Orientalism, as termed by Edward Said, is meant to create awareness of a constellation of assumptions that underlie Western attitudes towards the Eastern societies. While some of these opinions show the cultures in a positive light, the majority of them are biased and emphasise on depicting negative aspects as perceived by strangers to the Eastern culture.
The plot in the short story “Hindus” demonstrates how a certain sequence of events can help people better understand themselves. Leela meets many different and unique people on her journey throughout
West summarizes his writings by discussing the best ways for people to understand the west, and says to do so, one must navigate thru the labyrinth of interconnection factors surrounding western development history such as “people, institutions, weather, ambitions,… and perceptions” to name a few of the ones cited by West. If all of these are therefore considered and the stories they form are analyzed, the results are neither simple nor concise, yet they are very important to peoples understanding of how they relate to the big picture of the west. West concluded this chapter by saying “if we are to find our way to the West, they are the ones we have to listen to. West is referring of course to stories in this quote, and therein lies that final power of the story, for without the story, we will not be able to understand who we were, are becoming, and how those questions affect our relations to those around us as
As hard as that is to stomach, if we really want to understand and get real with ourselves, we need to understand the context. In The Christ Of The Indian Road, published in 1926, by Dr. E. Stanley Jones, the discussion turned to what Gandi thought was the greatest hindrance to the Christian gospel in India.
Islam. One word that can trigger a memory of fear, strange rituals, and a sense of general confusion for a westerner. So many ideas and traditions separate the East and the West, yet hardly anyone seems to have the answer that tells us why. Why are they so different from one another? Why do they see each other as inherently wrong, and at times, silly? Eastern and Western peoples often process and understand the world quite differently, especially when it comes to status, and authority. This can be clearly shown by the idea that the West embodies innocence-guilt culture, and the East embodies honor-shame culture.
Orientalism, according to Edward Said, refers to the dominance and exaggeration of the Orient, the Eastern countries, by the West in terms of culture, ideologies, political etc. Orientalism originates from the British and French who controlled the Orient of biblical lands such as India through imperialism and authority, which has led to misrepresentations of the Orient. The West, including America, has been known illustrate myths and lies by “filtering into Western Consciousness” as a way to portray inaccuracies about the East as inferior, uncivilized, and hazardous. In American culture, such as movies and TV shows, we see a depiction of characters of Middle Eastern and Asian descent including Arabs, Asians, and Indians whom have been represented
The use of the Orient as an exotic backdrop in movies is a very clear example of orientalism. The use of exotic sceneries in movies which are supposed to be set in the East is a very common thing done by the Hollywood directors. One of these movies is "The Living Daylights" featuring popular character, James Bond. When Bond finds himself imprisoned in a Russian military base in Afghanistan, he escapes with the help of another prisoner, Kamran Shah, the leader of the local ‘mujahedeen’ (term used for a person who is part of the Jihad). Even though the movies portrays a period when the Americans and the Afghans were allies, many years later, the majority of the Mujahedeen would become the Taliban that the U.S. continues to fight till this very
The Orient refers to the space occupied by the Middle East and Northern Africa which exists in connection and opposition to the Occident--Europe (Said 5). It exists in Western eyes as the prime subject of domination and control (Said 3) as "the Oriental" is viewed as less-than-human, purely for study and academia (Said 27); it is he who is also "gullible", lazy and unmotivated, and lacks European morals such as compassion for animal welfare (Said 38). It is the "bad" Orient and must be corrected and taught proper morals (Said 99). Its women are submissive and to be spoken for by the Orientalist foreigner (Said 6), who visits not to learn about or appreciate culture but to be spectator and to gaze upon what he sees as "exotic" (Said 21), she has no temperament or lived experience beyond what is assigned to her by this outsider (Said 6). The Orient is not a real place
List the problems when east meet west may encounter and tell the way work out With the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of
Take the typical division of the east and the west. Research has shown that people from western cultures think differently from people in the eastern cultures. Westerners tend to see themselves as individuals.
Occidentalism, as a concept, remains debated amongst scholars to this day. While the essential components have a modicum of consensus, the finer points remain vague, and its prevalence amongst intellectuals in Oriental societies varies dramatically. At the most basic level, Occidentalism is the mirror image of Orientalism. Just as Orientalism consists of an abstract, disconnected rendering of “Oriental” societies within the mentality of Orientalists, Occidentalism provides a similarly essentialist perception of the West, or “Occident”. The Occident is perceived as a monolithic entity, diametrically opposed to the Orient on a cultural level. Occidentalism as practiced by Oriental scholars traces its intellectual roots to traditional European Orientalism, and retains the very same fallacies that have recently become so reviled amongst Western academics in regard to Orientalism.
All throughout history, people of different cultures have been driven away from intercultural communication. Even in diverse cultures, people are often afraid of communicating with the “other.” Our indifference to fully understand and get know the “other” allows for us to make generalizations about the “other.” Each culture has a different perspective of the world. The Marabar Caves to Dr. Aziz seem beautiful and unexplainably close to the earth. Dr. Aziz believes that true beauty is not man made but in the beauty that the earth creates for itself. “Before man with his itch for the seemly, had been born, the planet must have looked thus (Forster, 161.)” Due to their English background, Mrs. Moore and Adela both think that the Marabar Caves are filthy and unmemorable, at first. The English are used to a different kind of beauty. They do not believe that the caves could be as beautiful as England but they are willing to put their perspective aside for Dr. Aziz. Mrs. Moore and Adela both romanticize the Marabar Caves. They see the caves as something mysterious and unknown but are willing to explore further onto the caves due to Dr. Aziz’s pertinence and the hope of friendship. The immense hospitality of Dr. Aziz made for the start of a wonderful friendship and Mrs. Moore and Adela were open-minded for whatever he had intended. From afar, the caves could not reveal what they truly represented.
A Passage To India by E. M. Forster is a rich, postcolonial novel delving into the possibility of sustaining a personal friendship between an English person and an "Indian" person. This topic is being discussed in the beginning of the novel at the home of Hamidullah, "... they were discussing as to whether or no(t) it is possible to be friends with an Englishman. Mahmoud Ali argued that it was not, Hamidullah disagreed, but with so many reservations..." (Forster 7) Aziz, who the novel centers around, has the disposition to just shut them out and ignore them and all will be jolly. Of course, later, we find Aziz does not shut them out and rather
E.M. Forster’s classic novel “A Passage to India” tells the story of a young doctor, Dr. Aziz, and his interactions with the British citizens who are residing in India during the time of the British Raj. Throughout the novel, the reader gets many different viewpoints on the people and the culture of India during this point in history. The reader sees through the eyes of the Indian people primarily through the character of Dr. Aziz, and the perceptions of the British through the characters of Mr. Fielding, Adela Quested, and Mrs. Moore. Through the different characters, and their differing viewpoints, the reader can see that Forster was creating a work that expressed a criticism that he held of the behavior of the British towards their Indian subjects.