Theme Of The Birds By Alfred Hitchcock

Alfred Hitchcock (1899 – 1980), the “Master of Suspense”, was a English film director, who was well known for his use of suspense and psychological elements to shock and surprise his audience. Hitchcock was known for his use of recurring themes, motifs and plot devices, such as the use of birds, hand motifs, the audience as a voyeur, mothers, blonde women, and sexuality. He was also very technical in his editing, using filming techniques such as deep focus, point of view, close up and wide, tracking shots. Montage was also a technique he used frequently in his films. He believed that by using visuals, he could convey thoughts and emotions just as well as dialogue could.

Alfred Hitchcock’s film North by Northwest (1959) is famed as a classic man-on-the-run thriller, following protagonist Roger Thornhill as he flees across state lines in a mad dash to save his life and unravel the mystery to his extraordinary predicament. However, mid-way through the film Thornhill’s quandary is further complicated by the introduction of Eve Kendall, a beautiful yet mysterious woman he encounters on a train during his escape from the authorities and people trying to kill him. During the dining room scene on the train, Hitchcock expertly uses the camera to convey the characters thoughts and feelings. Interestingly, in a film that has several sequences with complicated cinematography and editing, the dining car scene is

clever camera techniques which create tension and fear. The camera shots also pay close attention to detail. For example, when the man with the dog throws a stick for his dog to fetch into the sea, the camera

The camera movement from one side of the street to the unknown neighbor's house illustrated how unwilling they were to listen to Will’s reasoning yet determined to inflict violence upon a presumed “terrorist family”. The previous examples revealed that with the correct camera movement you can enhance feelings, and foretell them too. In specificity to these scenes, the reoccurring slanted motion appealed to the feeling of disarray and foreshadowed the mayhem to come. While the camera movement from one house to another depicted the wrath of the mob; proves that the cam movement allowed the viewer to receive a better sense of what unreasonable fear the characters are feeling.

To see what they see, and compare our own thoughts with the evolution of the characters and the story. The dexterity of the images, and the impact that each scene has in portraying this theme, guide the viewer throughout the film with little use of dialogue and action. Our central character “Jeff,” is struggling with his casted imprisonment, his need for adventure is apparent as he watches outside his window. Conflicted with his girlfriend and conflicted with his theories, his character becomes more palpable, we begin to realize what is going on not only on the outside of him, but the inside of him as well. The aspects of the outside courtyard and the visual isolation of each apartment, help depict the humanity of each individual and sympathy for even the darkest characters. Hitchcock uses his camera, just as our protagonist does, to focus with him. The camera angles are depicted in a way to which we react with the character, rather than at the character, and eventually expose the minor elements of the story that bring to fruition the suspense of the movie and the thrills of discovery.

The viewer is introduced to the dolly zoom in the first scene when they look through Scottie’s eyes as he hangs from the gutter and looks down to the pavement below. The dolly scene gives the sense of vertigo. In this scene it makes the ground seem so much farther below than what it is. Hitchcock uses this shot throughout the film to give a feeling of false reality. The shot works by moving the camera back on a track while zooming in at the same time. This shot is also known as the vertigo shot. In the bell tower, this shot clearly puts the viewer into what Scottie is feeling at the time. It makes the viewer seem uneasy like they might suffer from Vertigo. In addition to this, Hitchcock perfectly uses the camera angle and the actors to tell a separate story. In the scene where he meets with his old friend, Gavin Elster, Hitchcock basically choreographed the actor’s movement and camera angles to set a mood and give foreshadowing. In this scene, Elster is sitting down while Scottie is standing in front of him asking the questions showing dominance. Once Scottie sits down, Elster stands up and stands on the steps to the second level, giving this sense of him being higher than Scottie. The camera follows Elster but then once Elster confesses why he wants Scottie to follow him, the camera pans in tight to his face. At this point Elster blocking is extreme in this shot. After his confession, the two men stay in the same position as the camera angle retreats on a dolly bringing both men into frame. This example shines light onto Hitchcock’s use of blocking and camera use that is evident throughout the film. Another major use of the camera is the way it used to show Scottie’s point of view. The narrative is restricted so that means the viewer can only see what the protagonist is seeing at that time. This is clear in the scene where Scottie is following Madeline as she

Over the 50 years that he directed films, he has developed a very distinct directing style that is noticeable among many movie lovers today. One of the most distinct directing styles he acquitted over the years was the use of camera movement that acts to mimic a person’s gaze. This sense of voyeurism, which is described as the act of spying on people when they’re engaged in actions that are generally considered to be private nature. However, it is important to keep in mind that the voyer does not actually have to come into direct contact with the subject of his or her interest, since they are usually not aware that they’re being watched (Hirschfeld). This directing style is something that’s evident in both Psycho and The Birds.

Rear Window and The Birds were both filmed around the 1960’s a time in which the film industry was experiencing a great downfall. Because there were so many movements going on around the world such as, feminist movements, racial movements, post war movements, political movements etc. many films were not successful and there were many different genres that were being used in films. There were also many different independent films that were produced; this had an influence on American film as well. It is surprising how successful Hitchcock was during this time period where film production was looking grim. In order to be successful in America during this period of struggle Hitchcock had to shy away from the usual style and production of film.

Alfred Hitchcock also used cinematography in a uniquely stylizing way. Hitchcock not only uses the camera to create dramatic irony, but he also uses the camera to lie to the audience and create anxious suspense. For example, in his film Psycho, when Marion is in the shower Hitchcock frames the scenes very tightly. Marion is in a confined and very personal space. This makes her incredibly vulnerable. Then Hitchcock heightens the suspense by creating dramatic irony with the reveal of a shadowy figure closing in on Marion, unbeknownst to her. This creates a lot of anxiety for the audience, knowing the protagonist is vulnerable and in danger with no way of altering the inevitable. Hitchcock then manipulates the audience by “revealing” a brief silhouette of an old lady as our shower killer. Hitchcock uses this “reveal” to lie to the audience, he makes the audience think they have more inside knowledge confirming their already growing suspicions, when in reality the audience is misled entirely and the murderer was Norman all along. The way Hitchcock uses the camera to reveal both inside information and misleading information truly keeps the viewer engaged and not knowing what to believe until the truth is finally revealed. By using this unique technique of controlling the audience by only showing what he wants you to see, Hitchcock masterfully defies expectations and creates suspense.

only what he wants us to see, and shows us the scenarios from the eyes

In This essay I will discuss the use of camera movements, framing and the editing devices in the crop-duster sequence of North by Northwest (Alfred Hitchcock, USA, 1959) By focusing on these three techniques I hope to establish what effect they have on us and how that effect is achieved? I will look closely and analyse certain shots in this sequence, which I feel are significant in creating suspense. By dissecting the layers of each shot, I hope to reveal the technique and intentions behind them.

Alfred Hitchcock’s thriller ‘Rear Window’ (Hitchcock, 1954) begins with the immediate use of mise-en-scène in order to establish a sense of atmosphere, equilibrium and the mundane, soon to be disrupted as the events of the film unfold and are observed through the eyes of the voyeuristic protagonist, Jeff. Setting, cinematography and various other expressive mise-en-scène techniques work together to influence the overall appearance of the film. Though, by taking a closer look, these techniques reveal the significance of the narrative and characters. In the opening sequence, Hitchcock’s original visual style provides signposts for the audience to recognize what will be significant in the future: instead of establishing what is only happening in the moment in time; mise-en-scène is used to suggest what is to come. This arrangement of the “Classical Hollywood” narrative - starting with the setting and characters in a state equilibrium - acts as a seemingly all-purpose, archetypal opening by establishing location and introducing character. Simultaneously we can see that this sequence is vastly different from the rest of the film: it is leading the viewer into a false sense of security – the calm before the storm – as Jeff soon happens to piece together information leading to the possibility that one of his neighbors murdered their wife. This sequence is one of the only moments in the film we see things the protagonist does not, thus this carefully constructed opening is preparing

Alfred Hitchcock’s 1954 film, Rear Window, explores many dimensions in cinematography. The phenomenal film is well known for proclaiming its voyeurism issues that goes on in today’s society. Even though voyeurism is an act that should not be done, this film portrays it in an affirmative way. Rear Window introduces primary structural components in the first act which sets the mood for the audience to interact with J.B. Jefferies in a way as it is the audiences duty to help him solve the mystery on whether Thorwald murdered his wife or not.

A little girl and a young boy play in a field, as the sky gets darker. The clouds are not covering up the sun, but instead there are hundreds of large birds. The birds start to fill up the sky, it is just full of the animals all shape, size and size. The children start to bolt to safety, but they are too late. The birds dive bomb the children like rain, tearing at their fragile skin. This is the picture that Daphne du Maurie painted in your mind and Alfred Hitchcock put on your screen. Daphne du Maurier's short story “The Birds” was written in 1952, which lead to the idea of the movie The Birds in 1963 by Alfred Hitchcock.

The idea of freedom is valued in Canada because we know the alternative is the feeling of helplessness. It appalls us to be restricted from doing what we want. More often than not, helplessness is an unexpressed emotion because individuals are not aware of their its presence in their adversities. However, according to Sigmund Freud, “Unexpressed emotions will never die. They are buried alive and will come forth later in uglier ways.” Usually in the form of unconscious anger. In A Bird in the House, by Margaret Laurence, individuals either displaced or repressed the anger felt from their helplessness in their adversities. Displacement and repression are negative defense mechanisms because both are ineffective in communicating the needs of the