Theoretical Perspectives and Research

There are eight theoretical perspectives in contemporary psychology. Any topic in psychology has many approaches that have a variety of perspectives for each that is given. Starting with the biological perspective, it is noted that physiology has played a major role in psychology. The organ systems such as the nervous system, endocrine system, immune system, and genetics are greatly emphasized in studying physical bases of human and animal behavior. Neuroscience more specifically studies the nervous system, particularly the brain. The next theoretical perspective is the cognitive perspective, which is a relatively modern approach. It focuses on the important role of mental processes in how people process and remember information, develop language,

This report therefore gives an analysis of the current culture of the organisation, referring to the present business practices and the values and ways in which the organisation is run. Despite the effectiveness of this current culture, and the challenges of ‘change’ of any sort, there

Theoretical Perspectives are different ways people can view reality and it helps families understand why family practices and patterns are the way they are. The eight family perspectives are family ecology, family development, structure-functionalism, the interactionist perspective, exchange theory, family systems theory, conflict and feminist theory, and biosocial perspectives. The family may cause its members to be involved in arguments and other forms of conflict so these theoretical perspectives make it easier to understand and process the information in each of the eight perspectives. Family ecology is a perspective that explores how a family influences and also is influenced by the surrounding environment. This theoretical perspective

A treatment protocol for 300.01 (F41.0) Panic Disorder and 301.6 (F60.7) Dependent Personality Disorder is cognitive behavioral therapy. It may benefit the client to change and challenge her thinking, which could improve her emotional and mental health by achieving peace (reducing her panic disorder symptoms) and increasing her independence. Deb's panic disorder symptoms (excessive trembling, shaking, shortness of breath, chest pain and dizziness) and her dependent personality symptoms (having trouble making decisions, has difficulty expressing disagreement with others, fears of being left alone and how she urgently seeks another relationship) make her a good candidate for cognitive behavioral therapy.

Which theoretical perspective, that guides the nursing process with assessment of the family, do you find to be the most helpful and effective? Why is this theory more appealing to you than the others?

The fundamental of orthodox management literature is concerned with the efficiency and effectiveness of an organisation. It copes with several problems such as the classical and human relations theory, motivation and leadership. It also assumes that employees are a key asset as well as the society has moved to a Post-Fordism and post-bureaucratic approach. However, orthodox management is only concerned with how the organisation is behaving instead of why the business is conducting in a certain way. Another limitation is that the theory is merely a group of people’s idea so it is always contestable. In this essay, I will describe how the conventional management theory apply to today’s organisations; demonstrate the reality of work through

I believe nurses learn both my observation and experience. As a preceptor, I do not throw a nurse to the sharks. If the nurse has never done something before, I let the new nurse observe me and explain each step as I do it. The next time a similar situation appears, I ask the new nurse to do it his/herself. If I see a variation in how I did the same task and it does not harm the patient; I feel the nurse has established their own way of doing things and is feeling more comfortable in that particular task. If the situation presents itself, I ask the new nurse to teach another nurse how to perform the task. I also explain to my nurses that the textbook shows you the perfect world, but in real life we never get quite that scenario. I explain we have to alter our actions to perform interventions and do what is best for the patient. An example, I often share, is that in an ideal world, when inserting a tracheostomy tube, we have a prepped sterile field. However, there are times the airway is needed in such a hurry; we have to think about providing an airway first and dealing with the infection later.

The issue at hand is that from the beginning, people are obligated to be one or another. If thought about it carefully, this century gives its people no real option to choose. It chooses for us. People were made to be autonomous, which is what is spoken about in the fourth chapter. Like mentioned before, society feels an overwhelming power to dictate the behavior on which we act upon. Autonomy, however, if the basic requirement for a Type I behavior. The reason behind every motivation should be inner rather than outer. People’s type of management nowadays looks past self-motivation, and looks on to the company’s needs only. Unfortunately, autonomy is overseen when really it is the base for innovation. Autonomy benefits the company greater,

In the beginning, there is no doubt, the importance of the theoretical approach to science in general and to social work practice in particular. On one hand, Thyer (1994) espouses that the greater part theories done social work are taught incorrectly, and would invalid, which might prompt inadequate systems; moreover, social work profession “suffers from a dearth of empirically based studies of practice outcomes “(Thyer, 2001). On the other hand, Simon (1994) insists that it will be vital to social work professionals to take in hypothetical learning a result theories knowledge serve likewise an anchoring outline and a theoretical screen to the event assessment, causal explanation, mediation planning, and consequence assessment. I agree with

Resistance is the outcome of conflict of interests between entities. The modernist perspective assumes that everyone shares the same objective and reality (French, 2005). In general, modernist views resistance as a process that hinders workplace efficiency and ultimately blurs organisational goals (Crowther & Green, 2008). Resistance can come in many forms of conflict such as overt and covert acts, individual or collective. Modernist views resistance displayed greatly affects the organisational productivity, because the deliberate worsening of work performance will be unfavourable to organisational goals. Critical theorists believe resistance is the result of conflict and it is essential for the deliverance of the dominated, thus fulfilling human ethics and realizing

Taylorism is a management system which was popular in the late 19th century. It was designed to increase efficiency by breaking down and specialising repetitive tasks. This is exhibited as mentioned in ‘Selection and Development: A new perspective on some old problems’ that several jobs presently no longer consist of clusters of similar tasks, but are now process based collections of activities (Harrington, Hill & Linley 2005). According to Weber’s foundation of organisation theory; bureaucracy was portrayed as an “instrument or tool of unrivalled technical superiority which entailed charismatic, traditional and rational authority” (1978, cited in Clegg 1994). Thereafter, other theories derived based on the instrument being used as a form of manipulation. This is evident in Knights & Roberts’ (1982) concept of human resource management and staff misunderstanding the nature of power, treating it as if it were an individual possession, as opposed to a relationship between people (Knights & Roberts 1982). Subsequently, this led to the establishment of unions and increasing cooperative resistance in the workplace as employees seek change in the occupational structure (Courpasson & Clegg 2012). The change in this occupational structure was based around the ‘superior-inferior’ concept where managers prioritise their own success

It is the methodology of observing, looking at and adjusting work execution. All managers ought to be included in the control capacity regardless of the possibility that their units are executing as arranged. Managers can’t generally know whether their units are performing appropriately until they have assessed what exercises have been carried out and have contrasted the genuine execution and the coveted standard. A powerful control framework guarantees that exercises are finished in ways that prompt the accomplishment of the association's objectives. The paradigm that decides the adequacy of a control framework, then, is the means by which well it helps workers and chiefs accomplish their objectives. An organizational

It is important that managers, administrators and students of management study organisations, because they have a very powerful influence on our daily lives (Lewis B Dzimbiri, 2015),further according to Etzion (1964) in (Lewis B Dzimbiri, 2015) mentioned that “we are born in organisations, we play in organisations, we grow in organisations and we shall die in organisations”. Therefore human beings should have a hunger to study organization, to know how they are structured, operate and what impact do they have on our lives. This essay will discuss positive and negative impacts of the organization on human life. Furthermore, it will assess the relevance of management theories such as classical, behavior and open systems in understanding of formal

In the early 1900’s, some of the first ideas were thrown together to allow an organization to flourish in the upcoming modern era. The first theories were known as scientific and classical management, which focused on three separate theories from Frederick Taylor, Henri Fayol, and Max Weber. The three theories have similar ideology in the fact that organization is driven by management authority, employees only source of motivation is money, and organizations are machinelike with employees making up the parts of the machine (Papa, Daniels, & Spiker, 2008). In the Prophecy Fulfilled case study, Mary Ann (senior auditor) takes on a management role with subordinates similar to that of Weber’s Bureaucratic Theory (Daniels 1987, pp. 77-78).

Douglas McGregor presented Theory X and Theory Y in his book “The Human Side of Enterprise”. In these two theories McGregor has presented two types of managerial style. Theory X says that management is responsible for directing efforts of the people, motivating them, controlling their actions