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Theory I: Subcultures, Culture And Class

Decent Essays

The book chapter ‘Theory I: Subcultures, culture and class’ was written by the authors; Clarke. J, Hall. S, Jefferson. T, and Roberts, B (1976). The writers aimed to formulate a theory on why sub cultures in Britain emerge. The writers focused on the sub cultures of the 1970s, such as the Mods, Teddy boys and skin heads. This exercise will be critically reviewing this chapter. This review will begin by summarising the key arguments. Secondly, this review will be assessing the strengths and weaknesses. Lastly, this review will be analysing the limitations of this theory.
Summary
‘Class’ is central to understanding how youths formulate sub cultures. The authors are critical on how youths and sub cultures were previously deemed as ‘classless’ …show more content…

One’s social and economic life experience are determined through institutions and associations (14). Henceforth, the working class is seen as a ‘parent culture’ (14). The culture of one’s parent will be shared with one’s children. The working class not only ‘co-exist with the dominant class. However, the working class operate in a subordinate relation with the dominant (25). The power of the upper-middle class is acknowledged and the working class has an oppressive space within this (25). This results in a ‘class struggle.’ Society is far from homogenous, there are constant differences and conflicts. Moreover, sub cultures emerge as a result of the unequal power relation between the ‘dominant’ groups such as the middle class and the disadvantaged the working class (12). For example, the Kray twins embraced the sub culture of ‘criminality’ and ‘deviance’ yet the background of these youths were working class …show more content…

However this was changing as a result of the regeneration of the economy, family and the community (30). This led to the labour market being separated into two groups. The first is the advance skilled, high paid and the low skilled, low waged and unskilled jobs (31). The working class were being affected by this. The writers use the analysis of the working class problem from Cohen, (cited in Hall, 1976) to explain how the emergence of sub cultures was a reaction to the regeneration of the labour market, economy and family

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