Theory Of The Permafrost Theory

Transportation of warm water is balanced by cold water that sinks at high latitudes and moves the currents back toward the equator. This process (Thermohaline Flow) helps to regulate global heat. Any change in the Thermohaline Flow due to tectonic activity of any sort can affect the distribution of precipitation, ice, temperature and vegetation on earth. 3

To stop this effect, the pipe is raised above the ground and a layer of gravel and insulation is placed beneath to protect the permafrost from heat.

In this experiment, two Styrofoam cups and a brand calorimeter are each used to calculate heat transfer. The results will be compared to see if the something as simple as a Styrofoam cup can be used accurately as a calorimeter and produce efficient results. Using hot and cold water, the Styrofoam cup and brand calorimeter will be used to determine the heat capacity. By using the mass of the water, specific heat of water and the change in temperature, the heat capacity will be determined. The brand calorimeter and Styrofoam calorimeter

The facts are that the rate that permafrost regions release any stored carbon dioxide depends on how fast the organic material in the frozen ground decomposes. That also depends on what the dirt is made up of, if the soil is well drained, for instance, it releases carbon as carbon dioxide, while if it is poorly drained, it could release a more dangerous form of carbon turned into methane gases. Scientists believe that some of the frozen permafrost regions have been frozen for more than 11,000 years, while others have unthawed at various other

As well as being an area where nutrients are recycled and released into the water, the Polar Front region in the North Atlantic plays a fundamental role in the driving of ocean currents. At the front near the Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian (GIN) seas and the Labrador Sea, warm salty water from the North Atlantic is cooled by Arctic waters and by intense heat loss to the atmosphere; it becomes denser and sinks to deeper layers of the ocean. Salt rejected as sea ice forms also increases the density and contributes to the process. Although a slow process, this sinking takes place over a wide area and each winter several million cubic kilometers of water sink and begin moving slowly south along the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. It is known as thermohaline circulation because it is driven in part by temperature and partly by salinity differences.

Whether it useful or useless. Because some day it will be gone forever and we will confront the problems of losing it. The evidences to support the author’s opinion is “ Snow and ice are the Earth’s built-in air conditioner-crucial to the health of the planet. Without winter’s white mantle, Earth will become a heat sponge. As heat escalates, all our sources of fresh water will disappear”. The quote explain the important role of glacier to keep the earth cool down, and deflect the heat from the sun,

Figure 1: Thermohaline Circulation (Source: Frakes, 1992, figure 10.21, p. 186, as taken from Kerr, 1988).

[4] Engineeringtoolbox.com, 'Thermal Conductivity of some common Materials and Gases', 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/thermal-conductivity-d_429.html. [Accessed: 20- Jul- 2015].

The ice of Antarctica plays an important part of the global climate, “…the ice cover regulates exchange of heat, moisture, and gases between the surrounding atmosphere and the ocean, which eventually affects the whole Earth” (). The ocean currents created by the Antarctica ice plays a necessary role in the earth’s climate. . “…when the sea ice begins to form, it rejects the brine, which eventually increases the density of the upper ocean water. This water sinks and comes to be known as deep ocean current. These currents carry heat, which affect the climate

For this experiment 12 tubes were used, a clean pipet, sizing column matrix and column buffer. The tubes were labeled 1 through 10. The the two final tubes “Waste” and “Column

The ice core provides information on the atmosphere’s characteristics within that area, throughout the years that gets trapped as gas and form bubbles between the icy layers. The bubbles that form are atmosphere gases of methane and carbon dioxide (CO2). These preserve gases trapped within the ice layers are known “greenhouse “gases. Scientist are then able to calculate the past concentration of C02 and methane and compare the results against the Earths present level of gases. [2]

In the arctic, there is a layer of the soil known as permafrost. In this layer, there is a large concentration of CO2, or Carbon Dioxide. The environment can only handle a certain amount of CO2 at a time. Most of this CO2 is released through the burning of fossil fuels. However, fossil fuels burn slowly releasing small amounts at a time. Scientists previously believed that the CO2 in the layers of permafrost would eventually be released all at once, triggering irreversible global warming effects. However, testing of these permafrost layers has now revealed that the CO2 will escape gradually. This gradual escape is good news to scientists, because it means the world will have time to prepare for the effects of it. However, there is not much

Under the layers of permafrost are massive amounts of carbon build up that are the culprits for releasing Greenhouse gases into the atmosphere causing the issue of global warming and is subsequently assisting in the melting of the ice and glaciers. I would imagine that this island is faced with the same issue as the one in the ice video that we watched during the course. The issue that I am referring to is the presence of methane gases that could be trapped in the ice and as the ice melts off it is releasing this toxic gas off into the atmosphere. On the positive side research of this area has discovered ancient soils that did seem to contain beryllium and suggested that the ice sheet that covers the landscape has not thawed all the way through ever. Although most of the soil in Greenland is covered by a thick layer of permafrost there is an abundant amount of rare and precious minerals and mineral resources that have been found on the outer areas of the island. Miners have unearthed minerals and jewels that range from rubies to diamonds. Given the harsh climate in the area there are people out there that are willing to take on the risk of the predatory animals that live around the coasts of the island to collect this goldmine of rare

RHR, the “hot” refrigerant gas is piped through the heat exchanger in the RHR and cooled,

“As the rocks, the air, and the seas warm, they radiate “heat” energy (thermal infrared radiation). From the surface, this energy travels into the atmosphere where much of it is absorbed by water vapor and long-lived greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane.” (“NASA”)