Therapeutic Hypothermia Research Paper

Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to educate and inform my audience of the risks inherent from unintended hypothermia. I’m eager to alert perioperative staff of the potential dangers as well as the preventative measures that can be taken in order to avoid complications associated with unintended hypothermia. My central idea is hypothermia management saves lives.

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a genetically inherited, pharmacogenic disorder involving a severe malfunction within the skeletal muscles, causing them to be stuck in a contracted state. It is found to be triggered in susceptible patients by the administration of certain anesthetic agents during and after surgical procedures. It may also be activated by the use of other drugs, such as muscle relaxants and triggered by other circumstances such as stress, trauma, and even exercising. Not only are the muscles normal physiology affected, but abnormalities of the whole body occur disrupting its natural homeostasis. If it is not treated immediately, it can be fatal. Susceptibility is found in patients who have had a known family history of MH. In order for a medical professional or a patient to be prepared to handle MH one must understand how it affects the normal physiology of the body, what signs to look for, and how it can be diagnosed, treated, and prevented. There is no cure for MH, but there are specific drugs and precautionary measures that are used to prevent and treat it when a patient is susceptible.

The evidence surrounding the topic of therapeutic hypothermia post cardiac arrest is one lathered in potentially advantageous benefits, as well as harmful side effects. Although this procedure has potentially lifesaving and neurologically preserving implications, it does come with various side effects which can be dangerous in general or if left untreated. This paper will first address the many benefits, some of which include prolongation of life, retention of neurological function. It will then shed light upon some of the subsequent risks and harmful effects that are associated with therapeutic hypothermia. Lastly the paper will discuss why or why not the overall benefits outweigh the aggravating factors. Thus, being a topic of much controversy

Malignant hyperthermia may not show itself during the first surgery. Yet, during future surgeries the risk remains. In some rare occurrences, people with the condition have shown signs of a reaction after intense exercise. The surgeon and anesthesiologist should be notified prior to surgery if the patient has been diagnosed with malignant hyperthermia so that they can be prepared to treat the reaction if it should occur. Treatment consists of a drug called dantrolene (Dantrium). Dantrolene is a skeletal muscle relaxant. It is indicated for the prophylaxis treatment of malignant hyperthermia. It acts directly on skeletal muscle, causing relaxation by decreasing calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells. It also prevents the intense catabolic process associated with the condition. The dosage indicated for adults by PO is 4-8 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses for 1-2 days before the procedure, the last dose is to be given 3-4 hours preoperative. The dosage for adults during a post-hyperthermic crisis follow-up is 4-8 mg/kg/day PO in 3-4 divided doses for

The team who was taking care of Mr. P, before the CA and during CA, provided outstanding care. Especially in term coordination care and communicating with the ICU team. They travel with Mr. P to CT scan and competed the above CT scans on the way to ICU. After Mr. P arrive to the ICU, hypothermia protocol was initiated using order set. The facility hypothermia protocol was also reviewed. Other route orders such as basic metabolic panel (BMP) and ABG with lactate was placed and monitor every four hours. Referrals for cardiology, neurology, respiratory therapy, and pastoral care were placed immediately. Before the end of shift, occupational and physical therapy consult was placed too. NSE, to evaluate neurologic outcome, serial frequent neurology

233). These experiments and others eventually led to the use of therapeutic hypothermia in humans undergoing certain cardiac surgery in which an extended ischemic period was expected although the degree of the therapeutic hypothermia, which ranged from 30-32 ºC, was associated with an increased risk of complications. As a result, the use of therapeutic hypothermia was relatively limited until it was discovered that by inducing a milder hypothermia (32-34 ºC) the number of complications associated with this protective treatment were greatly reduced. The publication of two landmark studies led to the widespread acceptance of mild therapeutic hypothermia as a protective measure for individuals who have experienced and out-of-hospital cardiac

Otherwise known as ice treatment, is the use of cold to the body tissues especially the sweat glands in hyperhidrosis. The application is coordinated to lessen skin temperature, more often than not to around 10 degrees. It is contraindicated in patients with heart maladies, frosty affectability (thyroid issue) and vasospastic disease. 25,

A study to investigate the relationship between induced normothermia and outcomes after SAH was completed by Badjatia et al. (2010). The purpose of their study was to evaluate if utilization of advanced fever control (AFC) modalities to achieve normothermia reduced fever burden, rate of complications, and functional outcomes after SAH as compared to conventional fever control (CFC) modalities. In this case-control study, the AFC group consisted of 40 patients managed with advanced fever control modalities (surface or intravascular cooling). The CFC group consisted of 80 randomly selected historical patients treated with conventional fever control modalities (acetaminophen and water-circulating cooling blanket) who were matched by age,

Such treatment include but or not limited to the use of administering activated charcoal followed by gastric lavage. Neostigmine to reverse the peripheral but no the central effects of atropine. Small dose of benzo or valium to help relax patient and delay excitation. Reduce of fever by using cooling method. Lastly the use of mechanical ventilation to assist with respiratory distress (WHO, 2016).

This device is used to reduce the risk of brain trauma or death following a cardiac arrest. Cooling the patient to a hypothermia state has a better chance for survival than doing nothing at all. The only problem was Arctic Sun was brand new to our hospital. We just had training a month ago, but it hadn 't been used yet.

Due to cold conditions of spending nearly 30 hours at sea, Hypothermia was developed. The body was losing heat faster than it was gaining it and prolonged exposure to the cold conditions, led to the body temperature dropping below 35 degrees, lower than the healthy temperature of 37 degrees. In response, organs slow down, starting to fail. If temperature keeps decreasing organs will shut down leading to heart failure or death.

CINHAL, PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched between October and November 2016, to identify studies involving the implementation of therapeutic hypothermia following ROSC after cardiac arrest. Search terms for CINHAL included therapeutic hypothermia AND cardiac arrest AND

Humans help maintain their body temperature by wearing clothes. When someone is surrounded by something that is cooler than their body temperature, like air, or water, the body will lose heat. Although clothing and shelter helps people stay warm, our body has adapted vasoconstriction as a way to keep critical organs warm. Vasoconstriction is the tightening of blood vessels. Vasoconstriction causes the blood flow to reduce which conserves body heat. However, vasoconstriction can also lead to numbness, loss of hands, fingers and etc. The human body also uses shivering to maintain body temperature. For example, shivering increases internal heat production by causing the muscles to contract and relax rapidly.

- Check the patient temperature when the patient stated that she feels “warm” in addition to every 4 hours as indicated by the treatment plan set to evaluate the progression of worsening infection and the effectiveness of the management.

Phenobarbitone was offered to the patients with persistent high temperature while the mannitol intravenous injection was offered to the patients with ceaseless convulsions. The control group was offered general nursing care, including horizontal position for children patients, releasing the color, turning the head to one side to clean up oral secretions, keeping respiratory tract from impeding, and offering masks for oxygen inhalation. Physical methods are combined with drug cooling. Monitor the changes of vital signs. Every nurse handles 2 to 3 patients, recording the toilet cases, observing the situation of consciousness, mental and neurological reflex, with or without convulsion recurrence or convulsion aggravated. Patients in the observation group are offered all-around nursing care, which is as follows: 1. Reasonable hypothermia: as for patients with a temperature lower than 40℃, cold towels can be applied on the forehead, palms, neck, armpit on both sides and the thighs. Warm water or ethanol can be used interchangeably. As for patients with a temperature higher than 40℃, fever cooling patch or antipyretic suppository can be applied but oral febrifuge is prohibited before children patients’ convulsion is controlled. 2. Convulsion prevention: when convulsion occurs, mouth gag can be placed in the middle of upper and lower molars and press