There Are Limitations To The Model That Arnstein Developed

Some health care professional who are not committed to the care value base may treat service users unfairly. For example, a care worker that is not demonstrating the role of empathy may not want to listen or respect the ideals of the service users because the care worker is not in their position and do not see things from service users point of view. It is important for health care professionals to be committed and being honest with themselves in order to make sure that they are providing equal care to their service users. Careful use of language

Bonney and Stickley (2008) note the theme of power is often raised by service users. If, as predicted by the DOH in 2003, services are to become increasingly individual focused, the system needs to place power with service users. There is increasing amounts of service user literature that places an emphasis on individuals defining their own journey of recovery (Unit 21, pg 66) rather than having it imposed on them by workers. Peter Beresford (Audio 4) notes that currently there are inequalities in mental health services with limited service user power but considerable professional power. Bonney and Stickley mention Martyn (2002, cited in Bonney and Stickley 2008) who proposes professionals should be present by service user invitation only. A less radical aim is that of a gradual transfer of responsibility in power from services to individuals during recovery. It is important such involvement confers genuine power to individuals, rather than being tokenistic (Jacobson 2004, cited in Bonney and Stickley 2008).

Social work is based on respect for the inherent worth and dignity of all people as expressed in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948) It is therefore of paramount importance that a social work professional should work towards promoting the best interests of individuals and groups in society. I very much recognize the contribution that social work brings to inclusion having worked alongside social workers during the course of my shadowing placement. I possess a real commitment to promote equality which I have had the pleasure of doing in a multitude of different roles. From academic journals as well as my lecture notes I now appreciate the central importance of using the fundamental principles of human rights and equality to underpin my practice, and the inherent need to promote justice in relation with the people I will work.

The purpose of this paper is to create a concept analysis and identify a nursing concept that is within a nursing theory. A concept analysis is a process where concepts and their characteristics are researched and clarified. The eight steps on conducting a concept analysis include selection of a concept used in a nursing theory, identification of the aims or purposes of the analysis, identification of possible use of the selected concept, determination of defining attributes, identification of model cases, identification of antecedents and consequences, and lastly definition of empirical referents (Walker & Avant, 2011). The nursing concept selected for this paper is “empowerment” within the nursing profession. The nursing theory from which the empowerment concept was obtained is Kanter’s Theory on Structural Empowerment. In order to empower someone, an individual needs the tools and resources to feel powered. According to Laschinger, Gilbert, Smith, & Leslie (2010), Kanter defines power as the ability to mobilize information, resources and support to get things done in an organization. The role of management is to provide employees with power tools that empower them to maximize their ability to accomplish their work in a meaningful way. Kanter goes on to describe two primary empowerment structures in organizations, first being the structure of opportunity and second the structure of power. The structure of opportunity relates to job conditions that provide

1. The service user and his/her care team including any advocates, make parallel around a common understanding of what is Important to the individual now and in the future.

Introduction - “Empowerment” means you can boost someone’s confidence and promote choice among the service users. It is important to have empowerment in a care home as it can help the service users voice their opinion and make important issues known.

But this approach can also be negative and this is because someone can feel that they are having a lot of pressure put on them if they have to make a decision and it could lead to them getting stressed out and sometimes people might refuse to make a decisions if care professionals are expecting a decision from the person being asked. But as I have said before everyone takes things differently. This would be applied as well if Frieda was getting care from careers, Frieda could experience the positive effects or she could experience the negative effects depending on how she feels after the fall. Another way to support the independence of a person it let them have control of the things they can in their lives. So this can be from letting someone control their money, letting someone choose what they want to buy when they do food shopping. Another way to support independence is to maintain the person’s dignity, so this can be done like if someone wants to a care professional to go to the toilet with them the care professional could go with them but the maintain their dignity they might not look at the person while they are using the toilet unless they need any help. This approach can be effective because it gives people a sense of control and it gives a person a sense of having control of their life and their ageing. If someone does feel that they are in control of their life they might cooperate with care professionals more and they might even become more involved

Empowerment of individuals is important when planning care as this is the way in which a health or social care worker will encourage an individual to make decisions and take control of their own life. Empowerment is a process that builds a person's self-esteem and confidence in their ability to make decisions. This can also be linked to promotion of

circumstances can be taken into account when planning care that will empower individuals. I will use a variety of examples from health and social care. I will also extend these examples by assessing the potential difficulties in taking individual circumstances into account when planning care that will empower an individual, and make suggestions for improvement.

| Describe ways in which care workers can empower Individuals (P3)Explain why it is important to take individual circumstances into account when planning care that will empower an individual, using relevant example from health and social care (P4)Discuss the extent to which individual circumstances can be taken into account when planning care that will empower them, using relevant examples from health and social care (M2)Assess the potential difficulties in taking individual circumstances into account when planning care that will empower an individual, making suggestions for improvement (D2)

Good communication with the individual should be enhanced. Both individual and carer must compromise and negotiate to what would benefit most for the individual as long as it is safe. Thorough information should be given and must acknowledge the benefits of their choices. This is a way of recognising rights and choices of the individual. One example is the resident’s choice not to use his/her walking frame. This is one conflict of decision – making. Decision should be tailored to the needs of the resident

Autonomy includes three primary conditions: (1) liberty (independence from controlling influences), (2) agency (capacity for intentional action), and (3) understanding (through informed consent) (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009, p. 100). According to Beauchamp & Childress (2009) to respect autonomous agents, one must acknowledge their right to hold views, to make choices, and to take actions based on their personal values and beliefs (p. 103). Respect for autonomy implies thaturges caregivers to respect theassist a patient in achieving? Heed? the autonomous choices of their patients. From there, patients can act intentionally and with full understanding when evaluating medical treatment modalities. Autonomy also includes a set of rules, one of which requires that providers honor patient decision-making rights by providing the truth, also known as veracity (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009, p. 103). In this case, several facets of the principle of respecting autonomy, specifically veracity, informed

If the individuals’ wishes conflict with their care plan in relation to health & safety and their risk assessment, you would need to ensure that the individuals’ wishes were listened to and respected and that their, your own and others health and safety was not put at risk. Include the individual in the risk assessment to help prevent conflict from arising, help them feel empowered, the reasons why it is necessary, that it in place for them as well as the people that are helping them. Ask the individual why it is that they object/disagree and give them time to explain. Give reassurance and try to reach a compromise that is safe and protects the individual, yourself and other’s well being. Explain the consequences for

To begin with the person is the centre of the plan, to be consulted with and their views must always come first: It should include all aspects of their care, and every professional should work together to provide it. (Leathard 2000) Autonomy refers to an individuals’ ability to come to his or her own decisions and requires nurses to respect the choices patients make concerning their own lives (Hendrick 2000).However Gillon Argues that the principle respect for autonomy may need some restriction, otherwise we may be morally obliged to respect an autonomous course of action with unthinkable consequences.( Gillon 1986) Every human being has an intrinsic value, they all have a right to well being, to self-fulfilment and to as much control over their own lives as is consistent with others (British Association of Social Workers 2002).Professional Judgement and patient preference cannot be suspended if practice is to be safe and effective rather than routine(DOH 2005) Alex had to attend this session as it was within his Timetable, how could it have been effective?, he was unhappy and

Moreover, increasing costs of healthcare delivery and emerging trends toward patient empowerment and patient-centered care in order to achieve higher quality healthcare, needs patients to play a more active role in their