Thomas-Kilmann defines "Conflict Situations" as those in which the concerns of two people appear to

Gina Blair and Daniel Trent cooperate and collaborate to achieve a common objective throughout their negotiation. A cooperative negotiation style is demonstrated as they combine their points of view regarding their clients concerns with outcomes to effectively solve the issues raised. The main focus of the negotiation is to reach an agreement rather than a continuous dispute. Accordingly, the conflicting objectives were resolved by compromises and solutions but forward by both Gina and Daniel. The negotiation style used between Gina and Daniel is described as principled negotiation where both parties jointly attack the problems arising to achieve a compromise.

At the same time, I also realized that the negotiation partners are not always having the conflict interests during the negotiation. In this case, for some of the issues, we actually have the same goals. So baring this in mind, in the future negotiation case, I would first seek the common goals for both of us first to create a win-win situation.

Negotiation is a fundamental form of dispute resolution involving two or more parties (Michelle, M.2003). Negotiations can also take place in order to avoid any future disputes. It can be either an interpersonal or inter-group process. Negotiations can occur at international or corporate level and also at a personal level. Negotiations often involve give and take acknowledging that there is interdependence between the disputants to some extent to achieve the goal. This means that negotiations only arise when the goals cannot be achieved independently (Lewicki and Saunders et al., 1997). Interdependence means the both parties can influence the outcome for the other party and vice versa. The negotiations can be win-lose or win-win in nature.

Behavioral scientists Kenneth Thomas and Ralph Kilmann, who developed the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument, have identified five styles to responding to conflict—competition, collaboration, compromise,

The negotiators in these situations should mainly on the integrative bargaining. It means that negotiator should arrange a face to face meeting for both the parties by motivating them to practice integrative barging so that they can use the conflict strategy management to innovate positive solutions rather than dysfunctional conflicts. The negotiator should focus mainly on problem solving, compromising, smoothing and finding solutions. Motivating both the parties for a face-to-face meet is done so that, they can identify the problem and resolve it by an open discussion. Each team should give up something so that they can come to an agreement. The negotiator should use smoothing technique by reducing the conflicts while stressing common interests between both the teams. By compromising and smoothing both the parties should know about their common interests and goals and should create a shared goal. Once the negotiator make them realize that they need each other for achieving their goals, integrative positions solutions will be obtained instead of dysfunctional

Negotiation is one of the most common approaches used to make decisions and manage disputes. It is also the major building block for many other alternative dispute resolution procedures. According to Christopher W (2012), negotiation is the principal way that people redefine an old relationship that is not working to their satisfaction or establish a new relationship where none existed before. Because negotiation is such a common problem-solving process, it is in everyone 's interest to become familiar with negotiating dynamics and skills. This section is designed to identify what worked well and not well in the negotiation. In addition, to present strategies that generally makes the negotiation more efficient and improvement in the next

It occurs in profit or non profit organizations, government sectors, dealing among nations and also in our personal situations such as salary package, house purchase, marriage, divorce and etc. The strategy to use can either be distributive or integrative depending on the situations and the outcomes that the party want out from the negotiation.

Conflict or disagreement over the range of issues has become inherent aspect of modern organisational life. People from different cultural and education background work in an organisation. People working in an organisation may possess different goal and interest. People working in organisation may tend to different over a range of issues including organisational politics, organisational procedure, personal preference or political preference. It is also argued that conflict is essential characteristics of organisational life. Role of manager is paramount with regard to negotiating the conflict that arises in organisational life (http://www.sagepub.com/). Often lack of

Whether it is at work, church or in our private relationships, negotiations are a necessary tool for reaching an agreement. They are made by discussing each parties point of view with the aim being to reach an agreement that is mutually beneficial. For the most part, negotiation is the process by which those people involved successfully adopt or abandon their respective position through the use of positional bargaining. There are different types of approaches for the negotiation process - some hard and others soft in their manner of approach. The desired outcome of

This paper analyzed the conflicts communication by styles and types of conflict. There are five distinct types of conflicts, while this paper will only focus on collaboration conflict style and accommodating conflict style. These two types of conflict styles are more useful under corporative work environment. Additionally, my personal best and worst team experiences respectively illustrated how collaboration effective for my team work, and how overly accommodation influence my corporate outcomes. This paper is designed to offer a better understanding about conflicts styles, and intercultural communication and conflict within organizations. In terms of the paper structure, first, this paper gave a short explanation about the conflict styles. Then, some related concepts of Face Negotiation Theory explored in this paper as well. Additionally, it evaluated the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of collaboration conflict style and accommodating conflict styles in organizations.

Most people tend to take on a competitive approach to negotiation. They see everything as a win/lose situation. This unilateral strategy usually results in achieving unfavorable results. This way of thinking tends to vitiate the likelihood of serving long-term interest of the winner, even if the short term objectives are achieved. The solution to this is to change our way of thinking and adapt bilateral methods that will help build a foundation for successful, trusting and ongoing negotiations. Everyone desires to walk away from the bargaining table satisfied that the gains achieved by both parties are equal.

Ury introduces he concept of Joint Problem Solving and suggests that as negotiators instead of attacking each other, we should attack the problem jointly. We should focus on the interests of both the groups and preserve our relationship with them. He recommends being soft on people and hard on the problems. The author has identified the five barriers to negotiation and has

An effective negotiator is a strategic negotiator, who is able to switch back and forth between different phases of a negotiation without losing the goal in mind. An effective negotiator takes time to process what is happening during the negotiation and ensures that the right problem is being resolved while taking into consideration other party’s intrests to finding a common ground. Concequently those type of actions facilitate in the process of a negotiation by creating a cooperative environment and enhance the furture relationship between the parties (Fells 2012; Sebenius 2001). An effective negotiator aknowledges that no party is the same and as every negotiation, every negotiator is different from one another. These variations explain the DNA of negotiation that requires an effective negotiator to take into considerations the strands of the DNA, such as “reciprocity, trust, power, information exchange, ethics, and outcome” that vary from person to person (Fells 2012, pg 8).

Creating and claiming value are two of the most fundamental aspects of negotiation strategy that exist, but there is tension with one another. In any negotiation, the delegates need to decide which course of action to take whether that be competitive, cooperative, or some of both. David Lax and James Sebenius call this the "negotiator 's dilemma." It is similar to the "prisoners ' dilemma" in game theory, because this is a way of using rational choice and strategic thinking to describe situations. In a book written by D. Lax and J. Sebenius The Manager as Negotiator: The Negotiator 's Dilemma: Creating and Claiming Value, the authors argue that negotiation includes both cooperative and competitive elements, and that these elements exist in tension. The dilemma in this situation is in deciding whether to pursue a cooperative or a competitive strategy. The authors suggest several strategies to resolve this dilemma, and how to encourage cooperative approaches to creating mutually beneficial outcomes. Conflict analysts tend to view negotiations either as a matter of cooperating to create value, or as a matter of competing to claim values. In the value-creating view, negotiators work primarily to increase the available resources, to find joint gains or "win-win" solutions,

The negotiating process should seek to create a win-win scenario for all parties participating, and should not limit to mere distributive outcome, but instead seek options for mutual gains(21) through integrative results. Collaborative strategies requires participants to share compatible goals or be willing to seek for ways in which an outcome can be mutually beneficial. It sounds easier in writing than what it is in actual practice, since both parties must value the relationship as high as the result. This is important since a strong relationship might be necessary to trust other parties with sensitive