Three Primary Institutions

The challenges that the country should face in the next years to accelerate and improve this democratization process are to ensure collective and individual rights for Indigenous people, a large group of people in the country, improve the judiciary system in cases of maladministration, allow and fund the political participation of independent candidates, professionalize the police forces, end rampant corruption in districts due to excessive powers of the authorities and drug cartels and reduce the gap between the rich and the poor by assuring balancing the salaries of public officials. These are ambitious goals but once the democratization process has been started it cannot be blocked especially if it is part of the national and international interest. Improving the transparency and public administration of a country increase its efficiency as well as its weight on the international community so the ability to make a difference when decisions are made at a global level, the goal that every country (not so) secretly

Since the dawn of mankind, there has always been a struggle for power, from our primitive ancestors to our present day, supposed, enlightened times. There have been a variety of systems that spawned and died in the political world. It can be assumed that the fruition of democracy emerged after the desire to create a system in which it was equal, sustainable, and transparent and where human rights was recognized. Robert Dahl, a prominent political scientist, had believed creating a democratic society in which he considered was perfect had to have (Dahl, 2000): effective participation, equal voting, enlightened understanding, an open agenda setting and inclusion (p.37-38) . In the present day, there are many countries that consider themselves

When it comes to the idea of a democracy, it is important to keep in mind that it is just that, “an ideal to be continually sought after, rather than a settled system” (Hudson, 22). Everyone has different ideas of what makes a successful democracy, whether it be more involvement of the people, or a clear division between regular people and the government. After looking at the four types of democratic models that Hudson addresses, the developmental democracy most closely represents my vision of government.

Democracy has become the most widespread political form of government during the past decade, after the fall of all its alternatives. During the second part of the 20th century, the 3 main enemies of democracy, namely communism, fascism and Nazism, lost most of their power and influence. However, democracy is still only to be found in less than half of this world's countries. China with a fifth of the total population "had never experienced a democratic government" and Russia still doesn't have a well established democracy. By adopting a democratic perspective, 3 types of governments emerge, non-democratic, new democracies, and old democracies, and all have a different challenge to overcome: either to become democratic, to "consolidate"

Throughout history, man has strived to create an optimal political system. In an effort to determine this one must establish a set of criterion by which to evaluate the effectiveness of a political system. It is evident that there is no single criterion by which to measure the effectiveness of a political system, but a set of contradictory criterion by which one must find a balance between those that contradict, an example would be the balance of safety and security vs freedoms and liberties. In the establishment of these criterions there are two major aspects to consider when evaluating political systems: the ability of the political system to adapt and survive time, and the political systems ability to offer its constituents a certain quality of life. When taking into account those principles it is possible to evaluate

Politics is usually characterized by contests for and shifts of power signifying the desire of the people to place their sovereignty in the hands of responsible leaders. Such leaders devise political manifestos and promises of institutions to implement the ideal governance that is the people’s craving. This underlies the diversity of political parties, opinions, institutions and other avenues that together define the longitudinal political climate of a state. Moreover, the differences constitute the myriad of systems that allow for comparison between countries based on the similarity or distinction of design systems. This comparison of Intra- and inter-country systems is the concept of comparative politics. The intra-country comparison uses political calculation elements such as the effective number of political parties in the nation. In this light, this research presents the comparative politics of

The country is under going democratization, because the nation’s GDP is slowly on the rise and the social interactions are becoming less tense, there are many differences between the Arabs and the Muslims, and differences even between Muslims the Sunnis and Shi'ites, but despite these differences many of the citizens want to work together to build a better government. The indicators to look for democratization are higher GDP, social equality, and foreign intervention. These factors are important because they are a cause of democratization. These are the signs that show that a country is becoming

Stephan Haggard, a political scientist from UC Berkeley and Robert Kaufman a professor of public affairs at Rutgers write a book about how there has been a widespread movement from authoritarian to democratic rule among developing countries, often happening alongside terrible economic crises and the adoption of market oriented reforms. These events bring up many questions regarding the relationship between economic and political change. In this book, the authors explore this relationship and ask questions like: What role have economic crises played in current democratization? What favorable economic and institutional conditions is democracy most likely to be strengthened with? Looking at the present political economy as well as 12 Latin American and Asian countries, the authors portray a new method to understanding democratic transitions.

The main part of the essay will revolve around a discussion of the build up of democratic institutions after the

Transitions to democracy have been explained in various ways. Modernization for instance, is one theoretical approach to explain why countries democratize. Additionally, social and cultural factors have also explained democratization, as well as, international factors. It becomes deductive to attribute democratization to any one single theory as modernization works with social and cultural factors that are also impacted by international factors. It appears as if they all contribute in one way or another. Wezel and Inglehart (2008) examine the effects of crucial social and cultural elements like self-expression that work with modernization in tandem to aid in democratization. Ross (2001) further illustrates this claim in his finding that

Democracy is a predominant authority regime that most countries both young and mature have adopted based on its accrued benefits. Defining democracy can be a daunting task as several countries may prefer to institute governing policies rather than adopt from other states (Rowley & Smith, 2009). The element of incorporating modified aspects of democracy is based on the difference in several factors that may range from religion, culture, to political ambition. Islamic states are considered complex as religion “sharia laws” play a prevailing role in the majority of the administration tasks conducted by the state. As such, Islamic countries defined by a democratic administration will prefer to integrate the alternative that will serve them best. This essay will evaluate two democratic regimes that were established in the Middle East, and further, discuss the factors that lead to Iran’s democratic failure over Turkey’s administration success.

There is an on-going debate as to the effectiveness and merits of the modern systems of governments. It has been contested and argued as to whether a democratic system of government is the best choice for a nation. If a democratic institution is decided upon as the best course of action for said country, then the question becomes, which type of democratic government is going to be set up. There are three types of democratic government: presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary. They each have their own advantages and pit-falls to be conscious and aware of but for the scope of this paper, the objective is to define the advantages that are inherent in the system of democracy that is the parliamentary system that has been set up in the

Developing nations have undergone many transformations in terms of governance, education, infrastructure, economy and on human rights issues. Developing countries have utilized a lot of concepts and practices in order to meet society needs. Over the last decade, African countries had dictatorial leaders, but since the beginning of this century, revolutions have taken place, a very good example is the fall of Gaddafi's, Mubarak's governments in Libya and Egypt respectively. Democracy is a process where people reach consensus in regulations, policies on human rights, laws, and structure of the society. Democracy is essential in maintaining social justice, equity, fair and equal economic opportunities for all citizens. A democratic government has branches and institutions for implementation, formulation and enhancement of policies and laws; a basic democratic government has the judiciary, the legislature, the Executive and most recently the Civil Society (Robinson, 2001).

Democracy has become the most widespread political form of government during the past decade, after the fall of all its alternatives. During the second part of the 20th century, the 3 main enemies of democracy, namely communism, fascism and Nazism, lost most of their power and influence. However, democracy is still only to be found in less than half of this world's countries. China with a fifth of the total population "had never experienced a democratic government" and Russia still doesn't have a well established democracy. By adopting a democratic perspective, 3 types of governments emerge, non-democratic, new democracies, and old democracies, and all have a different challenge to overcome: either to become democratic, to "consolidate"

Bhutan and Tonga had become a democratic nation at around same period and have a similar kind of history. The research paper will try to explore the emergence of democracy in the two countries. It will further analyze the state of democracy in the two countries. A comparative study of the upholding of the elements of democracy such as party system, electoral system, universal suffrage and citizen’s rights and duties by the two nations will be done. The research paper will mainly focus on making a comparative analysis of democracy in Bhutan and in Tonga.