Thyroid Disease Research Paper

A thyroid nodule is an isolated growth of thyroid cells that forms a lump in your thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland. It is found in the lower front of your neck. This gland sends chemical messengers (hormones) through your blood to all parts of your body. These hormones are important for regulating your body temperature and helping your body use energy. Thyroid nodules are common. Most are not cancerous (benign). You may have one or several nodules.

Autoimmune disorders occur when the body attacks healthy body tissues. Usually the immune system protects the body from infections and destroys bacteria, viruses and harmful foreign substances. Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease that damages the thyroid and causes the thyroid not produce hormones like a normal functioning thyroid would . Hashimoto’s disease happens when the immune system starts to attack the thyroid gland by large numbers of lymphocytes accumulating in the thyroid causing inflammation and this affects the thyroids ability to produce thyroid hormones and starts the autoimmune process. When the thyroid produces less hormones it becomes underactive and is referred to Hypothyroidism.

Psoriasis is a common chronic autoimmune disorder that is characterized as having an immune-mediated inflammatory pathology which presents with skin lesions that vary in severity. Affecting nearly 3% of the world population (Jadali & Eslami 2014) the cause of psoriasis in not fully understood, but there is considerable evidence that points to genetic, environmental, and immunological factors that influence the disease.

Hypothyroidism is a serious medical condition that can be tricky to diagnose in men over 60. As men age, the symptoms of hypothyroidism are often mistaken for symptoms that many men of this age suffer from on a daily basis. The thyroid gland is responsible for many of the bodies functions, like regulating metabolism, and therefore many man over 60 experience both physical and mental symptoms.

Hypothyroidism is the result of the thyroid gland not secreting adequate amounts of thyroid hormones. With this condition, all metabolic processes slow down. Hypothyroidism originates from various causes. It can be autoimmune in nature when the immune system produces antibodies that attack the body’s own tissues. A pituitary disorder in which the pituitary fails to produce enough TSH has also been reported to be the cause of hypothyroidism. There are other causes noted to result in hypothyroidism such as iodine deficiency, pregnancy, and a thyroidectomy which is the removal of the thyroid glands. During my clinical rotation in the orthopedic unit, I cared for a patient who has a diagnosis of hypothyroidism and has had a thyroidectomy in the past.

Psoriasis is a constant immune system infection that for the most part influences the integumentary framework. In the United States, psoriasis is the most common immune system sicknesses, affecting around 7.5 million Americans, or 2 – 3% of the populace. Despite the fact that psoriasis can happen at any age, the mean period of onset for the first event is between 15 – 20 years, with a second crest at 55 – 60 years. While the definite reasons for psoriasis are obscure, the illness happens when a strange insusceptible reaction prompts hyperproliferation of youthful cells of the dermis and epidermis, changed cell separation, and aggravation. The invulnerable reaction connected with psoriasis is T-cell intervened. Lymphocytes will be lymphocytes, or

There are several symptoms associated with thyroid cancer, such as a lump in the neck, swelling in the neck, pain in the front of the neck, hoarseness, voice changes, trouble swallowing, trouble breathing, or a constant cough.

Psoriasis is regarded as an autoimmune disease in which genetic and environmental factors have a significant role. The name of the disease is derived from Greek word „psora‟ which means „itch‟. Psoriasis is a non-contagious, dry, inflammatory and ugly skin disorder, which can involve entire system of person1. It is mostly inherited and mainly characterized by sharply marginated scaly, erythematous plaques that develop in a relatively symmetrical distribution. The most commonly affected sites are the scalp, tips of fingers and toes, palms, soles, umbilicus, gluteus, under the breasts and genitals, elbows, knees, shins and sacrum2. This disease is chronic in nature with a tendency to relapse. In this disease, the skin keeps scaling as flakes

The subject of this interview is my own mother, who has Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. This is an autoimmune disorder resulting in hypothyroidism.1 According to the Mayo Clinic, symptoms include fatigue, increased cold sensitivity, constipation, pale/dry skin, a puffy face, a hoarse voice, weight gain, muscle weakness/aches/tenderness/stiffness, joint pain and stiffness, swelling in the knees, hands, and/or feet, excessive menorrhagia, and depression; a goiter is sometimes seen with this disease as well. It is currently unknown what actually causes this autoimmune disorder, but risk factors include gender, age, heredity, and the presence of other autoimmune diseases.

The thyroid is unique in a way that it absorbs iodine from blood. The hormones secreted from the thyroid gland are used regulate metabolism in the body. These thyroid hormones control the conversion of absorbed nutrients into energy that is used throughout the entire body. By doing so, these hormones are responsible for controlling metabolism in cells from all parts of the body. If a dysfunction of the thyroid gland were to occur, this could cause a change in the amount of hormones produced and secreted by the thyroid, which would then in turn, affect the body’s ability to regulate the metabolic

Through the hormones it produces, the thyroid gland influences almost all of the metabolic processes in your body. Thyroid disorders can range from a small, harmless goiter (enlarged gland) that needs no treatment to life-threatening cancer. The most common thyroid problems involve abnormal production of thyroid hormones. Too much thyroid hormone results in a condition known as hyperthyroidism. Insufficient hormone production leads to hypothyroidism. We choose goiter as our main thyroid disease to discuss in our

Imagine living with a disease that you don’t even know you have. This is the case for many people living with hypothyroidism. “According to Wellness FX, more than half of the estimated 27 million Americans who have thyroid disease are not aware of the imbalance.” (Plotnick 2016) Hypothyroidism is a thyroid disorder that occurs when a person’s thyroid gland is underactive.

There are many different glands in your body that does many different things. Some glands “talk” to each other and others don’t. This all depends on what glad it is. When a gland messes up or doesn’t work anymore, sometimes you do not notice it for years and some you notice as soon as it happens. The thyroid gland is one of those glands that you normal do not notice for years. This gland has two lobes that are on each side of the trachea and that is connected together, it looks like a butterfly-shaped gland that wraps around the trachea. According to Health website, there are “at least 30 million Americans that has a thyroid disorder and half, 15 million, are silent sufferers who have not been diagnosed yet” Health.com. “According to them if you are over 35 and a women your odds for having a

During the review of this scenario it was concluded based on laboratory test that were ran that the nurse was experiencing hyperthyroidism. The nurse came in due to abnormal symptoms that she was experiencing, symptoms which are often associated with thyroid problems. This lead to the healthcare providers running test to check her thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is when a person’s thyroid gland produces an excess amount of thyroid hormone than is necessary for the human’s body. Since the hormone is so prevalent in the body and is in control of the bodies energy, if there is a deficiency or surplus of thyroid hormone it will vastly alter the way the body works. When checking for hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism it is often know to run a serum T4 and serum T3 test. The T4 test is a test that is ran to check the amount of thyroxine that is present in the person’s blood. The T4 levels have a normal range of 4.6 to 12 ug/dL. The nurse test results showed that her T4 was 15.6 ug/dL which is above the normal range and a sign of hyperthyroidism. The next test ran was a T3 serum test, this test measures the amount of triiodothyronine in the blood. The serum T3 levels have a normal range of 80

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland with two lobes, one on each side of the trachea, below the level of the larynx. These lobes are connected by a narrow piece of tissue called the isthmus (Johnstone, Farley, Hendry, & McLafferty, 2014). The thyroid consists of follicles, which contain follicular cells that synthesize and secrete the thyroid hormones. These hormones are tetra-iodothyronine or thyroxine (T4), tri-iodothyronine (T3) and calcitonin. The main function of the thyroid gland is to control the body’s metabolic rate; however in children it also controls growth and development (Warren, 2014). The thyroid gland is controlled by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which is secreted by the pituitary gland (Warren, 2014). These hormones are produced by an endocrine feedback loop that allows the body to control their release according to need (Hall, 2010). The hypothalamus, which synthesizes and secretes Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH), initiates this loop (Hall, 2010). These hormones can be measured in the blood and are important in diagnosing and managing thyroid disease.