Tia Case Study

     Each year alone about 150,000 people in America die from a stroke or are seriously disabled. Stroke is among the top five causes of death. It generally happens very suddenly and it can take up to five to seven days to completely effect the patient. Depending on how many of the brain cells die during the stroke, and

Paresthesia of the face, trunk, or limbs; weakness; visual disturbances; urinary incontinence. Because those are indicators that there is CNS involvement.

In many cases, strokes can be diagnosed, prevented and treatable. Symptoms of a stroke can occur quickly and may cause: sudden numbness, tingling, or weakness, or paralysis in your face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of your body. Sudden: vision changes, trouble speaking (slurred speech), confusion or trouble understanding simple statements, problems with walking or balance, severe headache. It's recommended to call a doctor or 911 even if these symptoms last for a short amount of time because a transient ischemic attack, or mini stroke may have occurred. The transient ischemic attack may be a precursor to a stroke occurring soon. Catching these symptoms can dramatically increase chances of prevention additional damage to the body (2).

It is important that the type of stroke is diagnosed quickly to reduce the damage done to the brain and also to determine the right type of treatment because one treatment for one kind of stroke can be harmful to someone who has had a different kind. A number of different medications may be given at the hospital to help break up the clot and prevent the formation of new clots. For Ischemic stroke the treatment can begin with drugs to break down clots and prevent further ones from forming. Aspirin can be given, along with an injection of a tissue plasminogen activator (TPA). TPA works by dissolving clots but it needs to be injected within 4.5 hours of stroke symptoms once they have presented themselves. Hemorrhagic stroke treatment can begin with drugs being given to reduce the pressure in the brain, overall blood pressure, prevent seizures and prevent sudden constrictions of blood vessels.(http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stroke/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20117296) Because strokes are life-changing events that can affect a person both physically and emotionally, temporarily or permanently. After a stroke,

The following are symptoms according to the American Red Cross Nursing Assistant text book the patient could experience: “Slurring of words, Drooping of the features on one side of the face (for example, the eyelid and the corner of the mouth), trouble seeing in one or both eyes, weakness or numbness in an arm or leg, a sudden, severe headache, dizziness or loss of balance, confusion, or a loss of consciousness, a generally ill appearance, or abnormal behavior” (Page 91). Our text book in chapter 18 calls the weakness hemiparesis and the paralysis is called hemiplegia. These are experienced on one side of the body. F.A.S.T is a great way to check

Researchers with the University of Michigan performed a study in order to gain a better understanding of the link between brain injuries and this type of stroke. The study and its findings were published in the Neurology medical journal.

Intracerebral drain stroke is a seeping inside the mind tissue because of the burst of veins, record 10% of all stroke cases. Generally coming about because of hypertension is the primary driver, coagulation figure issue, anticoagulant and thrombolytic treatment, cerebrum tumor, injury, and a burst of an aneurysm. ICH generally happens amid a time of movement, and has a sudden onset that advance with minutes to additional keeping in mind the end goal to create draining inclination figure (7), (Lewis, et al. 2014 and Ignatavicius & Workman, 2015b).

A Transient Ischemic Attack, generally referred to as a TIA, is a type of stroke that only last a few minutes. They are sometimes called ¡§mini-strokes.¡¨ The term transient is used to describe a condition that lasts only a short amount of time. Ischemic describes an inadequate blood flow. Therefore, TIA is a deprivation of blood to the brain for a short period of time.

The third leading cause of death and leading cause of disability in American adults is a stroke. It is a medical emergency with an individual affected every 45 seconds in America. It occurs when there is an obstruction of blood flow caused by a ruptured blood vessel or blood clot resulting in depletions of oxygen supply to the brain. It results in a wide range of devastating effects depending on the affected brain part such as loss of speech, loss of thought process, loss of activities of daily living (ADL), or death. A stroke lasting for a few minutes is known as a Transient Ischemic Attach (TIA) or mini-stroke and if ignored can result in disability (Stroke, 2016). The American Heart Association (AHA), American Stroke Association (ASA), & Brain Attack Coalition (BAC) developed eight core measures for stroke (STK). These measures were approved by The Joint Commission (TJC) in 2009 for hospitals to become certified as a primary or comprehensive stroke center. The measures include Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis; Discharged on Antithrombotic Therapy; Anticoagulation Therapy for

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

Gibbons also explains that an ischemic stroke also consist of transient ischemic attacks (TIA). A TIA is known as a “mini stroke” that is only a brief period of symptoms similar to those of an ischemic stroke but only lasting a couple hours. TIAs are caused by temporary decreases in the blood supply. TIAs can also be caused by a clot or debris blocking blood flow to part of the brain. These blockages are temporary thus leaving no lasting symptoms. TIAs usually happen before an actual stroke happens. According to many doctors these attacks serve as a warning and also an opportunity of possibly lowering risks of actually have a stroke.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a stroke and is caused by obstruction of an artery. During this attack not get blood to irrigate the portion which is stopped and no longer works. It's a disease but only as shown the name is just temporary. The patient often recovers after 15-30 minutes and very rarely happens to recover only after 24 hours. Most times they are less important and have no neurological consequences.

The clinical manifestations include; bulging fontanels, high pitched cry, head circumference is larger than chest circumference, sac like projection on lumber spine, cry when your stroke is fingers and toes, sensory impairment, delay in developmental growth, eyes depressed and rotated downward, sluggish pupils, and structural malformations cause by intracranial pressure (Perry, Hockenberry, Lowdermilk, & Wilson, 2014, p. 1455).

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a transient cerebral blood flow disruption, which affects a focal portion of the brain. TIA’s are brief temporary episodes of neurologic loss of vision, motor, and or sensory function that can last from a few minutes up to 24 hours. It cause by temporary obstructions of blood flow to the brain, and can be a warning sign of an impending cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Patients who experience a TIA will go on to have a completed stroke but having TIA increases the risk of stroke. Symptoms of TIA’s mirror those of a stroke but are temporary in nature and do not cause any irreversible damage. Signs and symptoms include a sudden weakness or parethesia on one side of the body, abrupt dimness or loss of vision especially

Signs of transient ischemic attack, stroke or seizure, which may result from central nervous system embolization