Tier 1 Intervention Strategies

The behaviors that are followed by my positive reinforcement are likely to be strengthened and repeated. When a child is expressing unfitting behaviors I use the redirection method. Once an issue arises, it is sometimes beneficial to avoid a struggle with the child by directing their attention elsewhere. I listen to the child to hear his or her point of view. Then I give children acceptable alternatives rather than telling them what they cannot choose. I also use reminders to guide the toddlers. They include walking feet when in the hallways and the classroom, inside voices, nice touches, and listening

Lauren Smith is a five year old Caucasian girl who is demonstrating anxiety when separated from her mother. The family was referred to this service by their pediatrician. Over the past few months, Mr. and Mrs. Smith report Lauren has become increasingly troubled when being separated from her mother. She cries while clinging to her each morning before school and her father describes having to “pry her off” and carry her to the car. Lauren’s parents are also concerned with regressive behavior; she is speaking more often in third person when referring to herself, and she has also begun wetting the bed nearly every night. Mr. and Mrs. Smith had a conference with Lauren’s teacher two weeks ago at which time she told them Lauren was having difficulty concentrating and completing her work. The teacher also voiced concerns about her lack of interest in participating in group activities; she appears to prefer to play by herself. The parents report that Lauren is otherwise healthy and has been meeting age appropriate developmental milestones.

Wilson, Faggella-Luby, & Wei (2013) present a cogent plan for Tier 3 Response to Intervention (RTI) for secondary students with reading disabilities, content, and pedagogy planning tools, content instruction, and instructional method implementation. Both research application lacks concerning Tier 3 RTI in high schools (Wilson et. al). RTI is curriculum that addresses the learning needs of all students that also includes screening and monitoring progress. Continuing, Wilson et. al define Tier 1 RTI, core curriculum for all students serving the needs of 80% of students, Tier 2 RTI, small group instructional intervention, serving the needs of 15% of students, and Tier 3 RTI, an intense one to one intervention for students who continue to struggle beyond Tiers 1 and 2, serving 5% of students. Wilson et al. provides information the reader needs to understand in the article without clutter, expressing their writing with economy (Zinsser, 2013). The article is unified in theme, gives enough information without giving too much, and follows a clear progression (Zinsser). “More simple, than complex” (Henson, 1999, p. 58), Wilson et. al’s article is an example of good writing.

Tier II: Everyone at the meeting signs and agrees with Tier II intervention. Teacher does progress monitoring. Teacher will use a program to help the student more effectively, it will be more formal.

As it can be seen behaviorism is a major part of any classroom. For if one student acts out then the rest might get the idea that they can also act out in class and not receive punishment for it. It is also good to have a classroom management in place. Classroom management is also called behavior management. As it states in A Beginning Teaching Portfolio Handbook, “For these teachers, motivated students are those who do what they are told to do when they are told to do it.” (Foster,Walker,Song, pg. 99, para. 9) Which means when a

There have been several policy-level measures to address the environment of the health care system and how it contributes to health disparities. First, as seen in Figure 3, the uninsured rate in the United States has declined by 43% following the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA. According to National Health Interview Survey data, the increases in insurance coverage under the ACA were substantial across all races and ethnicities [11], increasing access to care for minorities which is an essential step in eliminating disparities. More notably, the ACA has also designated funding towards the diversification of the workforce. These measures took form in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Disparities Action

Reinforcement that occurs directly because of the students actions. No one else is needed to get the reinforcement.

Intervention Central is a free online resource for teachers and school districts to use for the implementation of intervention in or outside of the classroom while following the Common Core State Standards. Jim Wright, a psychologist and school administrator out of New York, created Intervention Central in hopes that the website would help offer high quality RTI in even the lowest budgeted schools. The website offers a wide variety of tools for teachers to use for academic and behavioral interventions as well as assessments and informative articles. Intervention Central also offers training videos and webinars on many different topics. The site breaks the intervention process activities down by subject and subject areas.

Some students require additional interventions or supports to ensure success in and out of the classroom. Tier 2 supports are provided to a small percentage of our students. This group of students may be support by small group work with our counselor. Another possible intervention that may be used at Tier 2 is Check In Check Out (CICO). A smaller amount of students requires Tier 3 supports. These supports are supported by the Grant Wood AEA and involve an extensive evaluation. Tier 2 and Tier 3 interventions are always don with parent

Skinner believed that behaviour is shaped and maintained by a reinforcing stimulus and that schedules of reinforcement are important factors in the learning process. There are many situations in the classroom where a behaviourist approach is likely to work well. For example, when I teach, I have started to pick out students who are making the right choices throughout the lesson. I call attention to the student who is doing the right thing and use verbal praise, which is quite an effective way to let other students realise what the expected learning behaviour is. The Year 6 students in the class are aware of the school’s reward system; ten credits lead to one merit, which is recorded in their merit book. They are also aware that bad behaviour in the class or on the playground will be followed by negative consequences. To warn against unwanted behaviour, I have seen teachers use negative reinforcers such as verbal warnings, timeouts and losing privileges.

I would use reinforcements when the student displayed the desired behavior. It is important to use a reinforcement that the student is interested in, so they will want to work for it. I might allow the student to sit in the teacher’s chair for the day, or have extra computer time. After the student’s behavior starts changing, I would wait longer to use the reinforcement. Finally, the student’s behavior should be like the other students in the class, and the reinforcement is no longer needed.

However a reinforcer might work more efficiently compared to a punisher as her students are in the stage of industry vs inferiority where, their main goal is to win the approval of the adults and gain a sense of accomplishment (Rosenthal, Gurney, & Moore, 1981). Reinforcers will also be able to form more positive schemas in their mental model, this is crucial in the concrete operational stage of their development as well. In this age group, the behaviours displayed in the classroom is one that is more aware of oneself ("CDC - Child Development, Middle Childhood (9-11 years old) - NCBDDD", 2017). This will play a role when peer pressure comes into the picture. As they are aware of their fellow classmates observing them, they are more cautious of what the say and what they choose to display ("CDC - Child Development, Middle Childhood (9-11 years old) - NCBDDD", 2017). This is because friendships game more importance in that age group. They want to be accepted and not make a fool out of themselves ("CDC - Child Development, Middle Childhood (9-11 years old) - NCBDDD",

In the next chapter the researcher presents CARE the communication and relationship education social cognitive primary intervention model aimed at addressing the objectives of this study which is to explore the effects of an intervention on the perceived assertiveness and self-efficacy of adolescents to respond verbally to sexual coercion.

Interventions may include behavioral and cognitive strategies. “Behavioral interventions are means making certain that rewarding consequence follows desirable behavior and that either no consequence or punishing consequences follow undesirable behavior” (Kauffman 2005). Other intervention may include token reinforcement, response cost, and time out. Giving students choices in assignment can also be helpful.

A 6-week inservice program focusing on the principles of operant conditioning and positive reinforcement was implemented. The study was designed to evaluate the use of behavior management strategies in the classroom, and positive results were found in the decrease in restraints and crisis incidents. Crisis incidents were defined as a child being required to leave the classroom because of unacceptable behavior, e.g., persistent noncompliance. As the revised treatment module began to work, community special education programs began to send students for short term diagnostic placements, and a plan is in development for "transition classrooms" intended for children who no longer need intensive treatment but are not yet ready to return to the community. Applied behavior analysis provides teachers with methods for encouraging positive behaviors and coping with undesirable ones.