Tijuana River Wetlands

Giving full credit to restricting the Mississippi River as the culprit for loss of wetlands is not accurate. The booming oil and gas exploration of the 1970’s and 1980’s merits a name on the marquee as well. The pipelines and canals used to transport the resources to the outside world placed a great deal of stress on the fragile wetlands. Erosion from the barges in and out of the marshes as well as the salt water allowed into the fresh water, providing a precarious habitat for fresh water species – flora and fauna alike. Plants provide root systems to hold soil in place. Fish and fowl provide an economy for the area. Enter

This region contains, but is not limited to prairies, plains, and forests. The Coastal Plains is divided into five sub-regions, so you will have many options for where you would like to live. The Gulf Coastal Plains sub-region includes many shallow bays and marshes along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. The Gulf of Mexico, in addition, is a plus of living in this region. You always have close access to water in most areas of the region. Beaches on the Gulf Coastal Plains tend to be very popular with locals. Another large sub-region is the Piney Woods. This region holds all of Texas’ national forests, so this area is practically the source of all of the state’s commercial timber production. The Piney Woods has amazing soil and the climate is perfect for the production of fruits and

In 1935 the Hoover Dam was completed forming Lake Mead, providing flood control, reservoir storage, power generation and regulates the downstream flow to the Lower Basin States. [footnoteRef:20] In 1963, the Glen Canyon Dam was completed forming Lake Powell, providing the Upper Basin States with enough reserve capacity to allow them to meet their annual obligation of 7.5 Million Acre Feet (MAF) to the Lower Basin States, allowing the Lower Basin States to use the allocation.[footnoteRef:21] As a consequence of the construction of the Hoover Dam and the Glen Canyon Dam, the Colorado?s flow often evaporated in Mexican sands close to the Delta.[footnoteRef:22] Around the 1970s, the Cienega de Santa Clara had shrunken by 500 acres. Nevertheless, due to the following wet decades, the Cienega was resuscitated to about 10% of its original acreage in the 80?s and 90?s.[footnoteRef:23] Currently, the Cienega is a 40,000 acre wetland that exists due to the return flows from the Mohawk Irrigation and Drainage District near Yuma, Arizona.[footnoteRef:24] This Cienega is the home of less than 100 members of the Cucapa tribe and is the habitat of several endangered fish and birds, including Desert Pupfish and Yuma Clapper Rail.[footnoteRef:25] [19: D.F.

The Coastal Plains of Texas is a large area that extends from the Atlantic Ocean to beyond the Rio Grande. This region can be divided into 5 distinct areas.

This was when sea levels lowered and the Bering Strait created the Bering land bridge about 15,500 years ago. The Bering land bridge allowed passage between the two continents. Sea levels began returning and by 6000 years ago the coastlines assumed their approximate levels and configurations that exist today.[215]

The formation of San Diego region involved numerous activities which varied from volcano activities, the formation of Gulf, uplifting and tilting among others. These activities happened in a long span of time creating three distinct geomorphic regions: the west of peninsular rangers, peninsular ranges region, and the Salton Trough region. The geomorphic division reflects the basic difference amid geographic parts containing Mesozoic metavolcanic, metasedimentary, and plutonic rock material. The development of these features resulted to the occurrence of the current San Diego state. The integration of different rocks, volcanic activities, and subduction processes resulted to the development of peninsular region and Salton Trough.

In 1985, the Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) evaluated the Silver Creek Wetland, and qualified it for environmental protection. A re-evaluation was done in 1995, and a decision was made to combine three areas into one complex. The provincially significant wetland is listed as “unimpaired” and protection was recommended in 2000 by Nottawasaga Valley Conservation Authority’s watershed health monitoring summary. As the area provides vital biological, social, and hydro geological functions, protection is crucial. Not only does the area act as flood control, water purification, and sediment containment, it is a prime fishing location for locals as it provides a cold-water habitat and spawning grounds for several varieties of game fish such as brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Numerous species of birds, such as the Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), the great egret (Ardea alba), the black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), and other waterfowl also favour the staging and feeding grounds that the

sq mi , and is mainly in NE Arizona but extends into NW New Mexico and SE Utah. Many

Jr, R. H. (2014, April 28). Encylopedia Britannica. Retrieved from Rio Grand River, United States-Mexico: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/504243/Rio-Grande

In chapter 1 of On the Border: An Environmental History of San Antonio, Char Miller introduces the reader to the environmental background of the San Antonio region. He explains that throughout San Antonio there is a lot of rich environmental history due to the human environmental interactions and the physical setting of San Antonio. He also answers the question of why San Antonio was established at its location. He conveys this through three answers that he calls environmental factors. These factors are water, topography and ecotone. These three environmental factors are what Miller described to have a meaningful and important role to how San Antonio was created. Ecotone is the boundaries in which San Antonio was created on as well as the diversity

Extending from sea level at the Gulf of Mexico to over 8,000 feet in the Guadalupe Mountains of far West Texas and from the semitropical Lower Rio Grande Valley to the High Plains of the Panhandle, Texas has a natural environment best described as "varied." Below is a summary of the size, the boundaries, the highs and the lows of the state.

Near the small town of San Antonio, NM is a spectacular display of one of nature's finest balanced beauty and wilderness paradise, Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge, situated on the northern edge of the Chihuahuan desert and straddling the Rio Grande. Fitting is the name Bosque del Apache, meaning "woods of the Apache," a reminder of the Apache peoples of long ago who lived along the Rio Grande. The 57,331-acre refuge was established in 1939 by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, an effort aimed to preserve the area as a wildlife habitat. The nucleus of the refuge is 7,000 acres of flood-plain, an extensive area of wetlands and farmlands. Arid foothills and towering mesas ascend to the Chupadera Mountains

Bottomland hardwoods are wetlands found along rivers and streams which sometimes flood beyond their channels into hardwood forested floodplains. These wetlands, which include forests, swamps, ponds, and water channels, are considered some of the most important habitats in Texas wildlife.

Population conferences, earth summits, etc.), how Mexico is treating it's environment presently, and background information of Mexico will be presented. MexicoMost of Mexico is an immense, elevated plateau, flanked by mountain ranges that fall sharply off to narrow coastal plains in the west and east. The two mountain chains, the Sierra Madre Occidental to the west and the Sierra Madre Oriental in the east, meet in a region called La Junta in the southeast. At La Junta the two ranges form the Sierra Madre del Sur, a maze of volcanic mountains containing the highest peaks in Mexico. The Sierra Madre Del Sur leads into the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, which lies between the Bay of Campeche and the Gulf of Tecuantepec.

Water from the south then flowed in over time, thus forming the evaporites now found along the coastlines there. (Lois Van Wagner, 2013)(Figure 5)