To What Extent Did The Collapse Of Apartheid South Africa ( 1991 ) Really Bring About Change For The Bantu Population

Caliendo and Mcllwain (2011) have suggested that the historical claims of white supremacy within nations such as the UK and South Africa, has created racial conflicts and segregation between ethnic communities. Relating back to Weber’s example of the caste system, the “authentically white” (Caliendo and Mcllwain, 2011:22) communities are dominant and control the minority communities. Caliendo and Mcllwain (2011) argue that the “authentically white” have increased wealth and status, which they use to create boundaries and exclude the ethnic groups within the community. An example of this would be the issue of Apartheid in South Africa throughout the late nineteenth and twentieth century. Apartheid can be defined by the New Oxford English Dictionary (1998) as “a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on the grounds of race” (Guelke, 2005:61). Throughout the period Guelke (2005) discussed the fact that the minority white communities within South Africa ruled over the black majority, living “a lifestyle with a standard of living matching the very richest countries in the world” (Guelke, 2001:1-2), whilst the black communities lived in extreme poverty. Linking back to the system of monopolistic social closure, the white population viewed themselves as the elite members of society, and via legislation such as the native policy, used their power to justify the exploitation and segregation of the black South African

The Apartheid was initiated as a ploy for Europeans to better control the exploited populations for economic gain, as maintaining tension between the different racial classifications diverted attention from the Europeans as it fed hatred between groups. This assisted in minimizing unity between the exploited to rally against European control as it backhandedly induced “submission” for survival. One way of accomplishing this was by instilling laws that’d force segregation, classification, educational “requirements”, and economic purposes. The Population Registration Act of 1950 enacted, requiring segregation of Europeans from Afrikaans . Following shortly, the Group Areas Act of 1950 was enacted as a new form of legislation alongside the Population Registration Act. This detailed act separated tribes based on ethnics; consequently, further detailing segregation amongst the natives .

The Land Acts are one of the many laws established by the white supremacy government to separate the different races in South Africa. Under apartheid, native South Africans (black) would be forced to live in isolated areas from whites and use separate facilities, and contact between both races would be permitted unless of certain circumstance (jobs). Despite the consistent opposition to apartheid within of South Africa and around the world, South African laws remained in action for over 50 years. In 1950, the Afrikaners prohibited marriage between different races. Also, The Population Registration Act of 1950 included the basic blue print for apartheid by classifying/ distinguishing all South Africans by race, including Bantu (black Africans), Coloured (mixed race) and white. In 1958 Dr. Hendrik Verwoerd, who was elected prime minister, would redefined/ reestablish the apartheid policy into a management he referred to as “separate development.” In 1959 Bantustans were formed for the black South Africans as communities, this was a part of “The Promotion of Bantu Self-Government Act of 1959. The government began to separating black South Africans from each other to enabled the government to claim there was no black South African majority, and it reduced the chance that blacks would unify into one big oppositionist/ rebellious organization. Every black South African was designated as a

We commence by examining South-African apartheid and its historical and theoretical context. Apartheid was a system of racial segregation used in the overtly racist regime in South Africa from 1948 to 1991. It was based on laws that banned “marriage and sexual relations between different “population groups” and requir[ed] separate residential areas for people of mixed race (“Coloreds”), as well as for Africans” (Fredrickson 3). These laws were based on the same obsession with “race purity” that characterized other racist regimes, most notably Jim Crow America and Nazi Germany. The system was justified in terms of “cultural essentialism” and “seperate development”. Cultural essentialism means that each culture has inherent features that differentiate the members of this cultural group from others. The concept of separate development

The objective of this act was to keep black people permanently from the urban areas. They used this act to push black people out of their homes in urban areas to stay in “homelands”. When entered this homeland you would lose South African citizenship and all political rights including voting.

South Africa has long been known for the racist policies that were implemented by the government during apartheid. In reality, many of these policies were introduced before apartheid, and thus South Africa today is affected by centuries rather than just a few decades of racism. The racial practice and policies of the nineteenth century that developed out of South Africa’s mineral revolution were then carried into the apartheid era, and are of particular importance for black South African families. The desires of the white population to have sufficient labour and to monitor it while reserving urban areas for whites occasioned the government to create restrictive laws starting in the late nineteenth century which were carried into apartheid. These laws and practices broke apart the South African black family and has resulted in enduring consequences for black families and South Africa.

The national party achieved power in South Africa in 1948 the government, usually comprised on “white people”, and racially segregated the country by a policy under the Apartheid legislation system. With this new policy in place the black South African people were forced to live segregated from the white people and use separate public facilities. There were many attempts to overthrow the Apartheid regime, it persisted to control for almost 50 years.

On the other hand there is the policy of separation, which has grown up from the experience of the established European population of the country, and which is based on the Christian principles of justice and reasonableness…We can only act in one of two directions. Either we must follow the course of equality, which must eventually mean national suicide for the white race, or we must take the course of separation (apartheid), through which the character and the future of every race will be protected and safeguarded, with full opportunities for development and self-maintenance in their own ideas without the interests of one clashing with the interest of the

In South Africa, policies systematically oppressed black, Asian, and ‘coloured’ people (those of mixed race),

South Africa really began to suffer when apartheid was written into the law. Apartheid was first introduced in the 1948 election that the Afrikaner National Party won. The plan was to take the already existing segregation and expand it (Wright, 60). Apartheid was a system that segregated South Africa’s population racially and considered non-whites inferior (“History of South Africa in the apartheid era”). Apartheid was designed to make it

Many of the contemporary issues in South Africa can easily be associated with the apartheid laws which devastated the country. The people of South Africa struggle day by day to reverse “the most cruel, yet well-crafted,” horrific tactic “of social engineering.” The concept behind apartheid emerged in 1948 when the nationalist party took over government, and the all-white government enforced “racial segregation under a system of legislation” . The central issues stem from 50 years of apartheid include poverty, income inequality, land ownership rates and many other long term affects that still plague the brunt of the South African population while the small white minority still enjoy much of the wealth, most of the land and opportunities

I have always thought that Nelson Mandela has been one of the most important people in history. I find it very fascinating that one man could end the Apartheid and that is why I want to find out more about this. South Africa is a country with a past of enforced racism and separation of its multi-racial community. The White Europeans invaded South Africa and started a political system known as 'Apartheid' (meaning 'apartness'). This system severely restricted the rights and lifestyle of the non-White inhabitants of the country forcing them to live separately from the White Europeans. I have chosen to investigate how the Apartheid affected people’s lives, and also how and why the Apartheid system rose and fell in South Africa.

Apartheid, apartness in Afrikaans, is a tough system built on segregation that actively enforced segregation and racism in Africa for several generations. Apartheid began in Africa in 1948 as the National Party came into power, but the roots of the Purified National Party go back to 1934 where a group of extremist founded the Purified National Party under the pretense of the Calvinistic idea that the Afrikaners were God’s chosen people and thus superior and separate from the inferiors around them. Apartheid started falling apart in 1989 when Nelson Mandela was released from prison; from there he took reign of the campaign again and tried to encourage an end to segregation and fighting.

In 1997, South Africa entered the post-Apartheid, a system which not only the colored but other nationalities were severely restricted under the power of the white minority. Blacks were not permitted to pay taxes so they couldn’t benefit from them, they were not even considered citizens and were not allowed to register in the white schools. Segregation took place by having people attend their own hospitals and restaurants. The post-apartheid South Africa is described as a depressing period that rulings was based on nationality, race, and gender (Gradin).

As history moves on, in different countries and even whole continents, movements and regimes have been formed where groups of people take the power so that they can abuse, denigrate, ignore and even disparage and underestimate other people base on the colour of their skin or their religion. One of these systems of government, and probably one of the most influential of modern times, was the Apartheid which ruled over South Africa since 1948 to 1994. “a system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced through legislation by the National Party (NP), the governing