To What Extent Did the Red Guards Control the Cultural Revolution

The cultural revolution is a strange period in Chinese history laced with intense struggle and anguish. The cultural revolution mobilized the all of society to compete for all opposing factions that they belonged to (Ong, 2016). Mao mobilized the young people of society during a background of political turmoil, which helped Mao to mobilize the students in order to enforce his political legitimacy and ideas (Ong, 2016). Mao’s charismatic authority created his personality cult and most defiantly leant a helping hand in mobilizing the red guard movement (Ong, 2016) (Weber, 1946) (Andreas, 2007). No matter which faction of the red guard they belonged to, they all mobilized against their common enemy; the better off, upper class. (Ong, 2016). Multiple ideologies within the youth led red guard movement explain why the movement gained momentum and became incredibly powerful (Walder, 2009).

The Memoir Spider Eaters by Rae Yang is her personal account of her life during the Maoist revolution. In addition, she reminisces about her trials and tribulations during her active participation in the culture revolution and the great North Wilderness. Her family also had various misfortunes due to these changing ideological beliefs spread by the revolution. This memoir illustrates in great detail what Yang experienced under communist rule. Spider Eaters opened up a door to a young girl and her families struggle to be good Samaritans under communist rule and their final disillusionment of the revolution they whole heartedly believed in. Yang and her family struggled with the vast ideological changes during the Maoist Revolution, in turn,

The Cultural Revolution was a time of much confusion in china. The memoir Red Scarf Girl by Ji-li Jiang illustrates the chaos of that time. Ji-li’s experiences during this time period led to her point of view changing. Ji-li starts the Cultural Revolution full of progressive thoughts, but this quickly turns to confusion, and leads to an important choice, something that impacts the rest of her life.

The original objective for the Red Guards was to overthrow and eliminate the “Old Four Chinese Customs”, “Old Four Groups” and “Counter-revolutionaries” who were hiding among the general public. The Red Guards targeted literature records, classical antique documents, museums, historical sites, intellectuals and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) members who had been labeled as potential enemies of the “ongoing revolution”. The Red Guards participated in the political movement through interpreted themselves as the latest and purest fighters in the revolution. Their action was base on

The launch of the Chinese Cultural Revolution in 1966 was due to a culmination of political and ideological struggles that had divided the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since the end of the Great Leap Forward. As said by Che Guevara, “A revolution is not an apple that falls when it is ripe. You have to make it fall”. Che Guevara’s statement is accurate to an extent in relation to the causes of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Although China was vulnerable during the twentieth century and Mao Tse-Tung, Chairman of the CCP, took control of this susceptibility, the Chinese Cultural Revolution was already ‘ripe’, someone just had to provoke it to ‘fall’. The Chinese Cultural Revolution can be considered a power struggle between Mao and his rivals. Mao needed to regain the control that he had lost after the failure of ‘The Great Leap Forward’ and the Chinese Cultural Revolution was a means for him to do so. Mao genuinely believed in an equal society and went about this belief in a very severe manner. Che Guevara’s statement is not entirely accurate as the Chinese Cultural Revolution was just part of a progression that was taking place and although Mao provoked it to fall, China was ultimately ripe for a revolution.

She also writes of her experience with Maoism, which she had worshipped as a student before realizing the harsh realities and witnessing the Tiananmen Square Massacre. In one event, a fellow student had asked her to help flee the country but under the influence of Maoism, Wong turned her in to the authorities. She writes she still does not know what happened to the distressed woman after she turned her in. Throughout her book, it is evident that she regrets some of her actions that were misguided under the notion that it was for the better, although she says it was a major part of her life so she doesn’t know if she would change what happened or

This memoir of Ma Bo’s sent shock waves throughout China when it was published and was even first banned by the Communist Government. This passionate story paints a clear picture for what the Great Chinese Cultural Revolution was really like. Many Chinese living today can attest to similar if not identical ordeals as expressed in Ma Bo’s story. The toils of being a young Red Guard in inner China were experienced by many if not millions. The horrors and atrocities were wide spread throughout the country, not just in Inner Mongolia. The experiences illustrated in Blood Red Sunset uniquely belong to Ma Bo’s entire generation of mislead Chinese. As expressed in the books dedication the Cultural Revolution

The book is a written as conversational memoir between two women, Ye Weili and Ma Xiaodong about their experience during the first three decades of Mao’s era. The two women had gone through almost similar position and situations in their life, faced equivalent hardships, their approach or attitude towards those experiences in a completely different manner. This book is meticulous in its historical detail, making it a standout among similar memoirs of twentieth-century China. It also tries to add another dimension of the general perspective of historic events. The events are described in a chronological sequence and with the right amount of proper relevant information so the reader can understand the conversation.

The Cultural Revolution had an enormous impact on the people of China From 1965 to 1968. The cultural Revolution is the name given to the Chinese Communist party’s attempt, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, to reassert its authority over the Chinese government. The main goal of the revolution was simple: the Chinese Communist party wanted to reform the Chinese people so that they believed and followed the communist ideology of absolute social equality. The group of people that the CCP, under Mao, wanted to help most was the rural people or the peasants. Mao’s man desire was to create a China which had peasants, workers and educated people all working together for the greater good of China. No class of people was more privileged

The Cultural Revolution in China was supposed to reform the country for the better, to make everything new and equal between the people. Unfortunately, in order to do this, many people—who had never done anything against their country—suffered ridicule and false accusations based off their ancestry and their social class status. Jiang Ji-li tells of her own experiences during the Cultural Revolution in her memoir, Red Scarf Girl. She was only twelve or thirteen years old when the revolution first started, and over the course a few years, everything went drastically downhill as the country reformed itself. The changes and revisions that Ji-li is experiencing are meant to be positive, but the effects that they have on her family and her life—in

After The Great Leap Forward failed, Mao Zedong, the leader of the communist party, was still fighting for a classless society, where everybody was the same in economic and social status. He felt that in order to do so, reform needed to take place. As a result, Mao launched another reform in 1966 called the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution was a movement to change China's culture to a constant revolutionary spirit and return China to its communist roots. This campaign of social change meant eliminating capitalists as well as teachers, westerners, and public figures who opposed Mao’s beliefs. In order to take down his political and intellectual rivals, Mao called upon the younger generation to help promote his revolution and as a result, children started forming organizations known as Red

The Cultural Revolution had a massive impact on China from 1965 to 1968. The Cultural Revolution is the name given to Mao’s attempt to reassert his beliefs in China. Mao had not been a very self-motivated leader from the late 1950’s on, and feared others in the party might be taking on a leading role that weakened his power within the party and the country. Basically, the Cultural Revolution was a failed attempt by Mao to re-impose his authority on the party and therefore, the country as well. Not only did the Cultural Revolution have a massive impact on China, but many other countries as well. Having a huge tragedy like the CR in history, we have to face and learn from it to avoid an event like this from repeating itself in the future.

In the 1960’s, China’s government under Mao Zedong implemented a communist society by using a set of objectives and policies known as the Cultural Revolution. Mao nationalized private businesses disrupting the economic state of the people while enforcing his policies using a group of revolutionary enforcers known as the Red Guard. Mao’s focus on strict enforcement of these policies and his nationalization of businesses dramatically and negatively altered the life of the Chinese citizens. From 1927 to 1949, during China’s Civil War, the communists tried to seize control of China during a time when the communists saw that the system put in by the Qing Dynasty was now outdated and ineffective. ("China’s Cultural Revolution Begins")

After Mao failed to modernize China’s economy through industrialization and collectivization with the Great Leap Forward plan, he launched the Cultural Revolution in hopes of reclaiming his position in the government and maintaining a communist society (Ramzy).The revolution commenced in 1966 and lasted for a decade. During the revolution, the youth of China was influenced by Mao to join the student mass paramilitary movement where they served as soldiers, known as the Red Guards. They executed orders that benefitted Mao, inflicting violence towards intellectuals and citizens who were against his communist beliefs (Lieberthal). The disturbance by the youth created economic instability due to the torment towards professionals in the industry.

Family loyalty in China has had a tumultuous past filled with fluctuation between remaining loyal to the state, yet also remaining loyal to blood relatives. In the autobiography that also serves as a biography, Wild Swans, by Jung Chang, this is seen. The book, which outlines the biographies of the author’s grandmother and mother, as well as her own autobiography, gives an interesting look into the lives of the Chinese throughout the 20th century. This book is beyond eye opening, and is truly a raw glimpse into the daily lives of women throughout China, struggling with situations that no human should ever be thrown into. I loved this book and was truly scared about the world that it opened me up to. The book does many things well, but also has its faults. The author consistently and clearly exemplifies the social hierarchy that consumes China, as well as its obsession with cultural stagnancy. The author also gives intense imagery that thrusts the reader into the scene, and creates a new reality showcasing the truths of China. Although both of those things take main stage in the book, there are a few weaknesses in the book. One, asking the question of how she had such clear anecdotes on her grandmother and mother’s life, how did she have such intimate details? The second shortcoming that Jung Chang had a subjective view of China, partly being that she loves China despite the cards it has dealt her. Her life was not short of hardships, but her family was typically