Total Knee Arthroplasty Essay

The surgical procedure. A total knee replacement is a surgical procedure where the diseased knee joint is completely replaced by artificial materials that resemble the original knee joint. The orthopedic surgeon removed the end of the femur and the end of the tibia by using metal pieces and sawing the bone, to ensure that he removes the right amount of bone. The end of the femur bone is replaced with metal and the end of the tibia bone is replaced with plastic and metal. A plastic piece was added under the patella because the surface under the patella was damaged as well. These artificial materials, called prosthesis, have smooth surfaces so when they rub against each other, it does not cause damage and is pain-free. The purpose of this surgery is to remove the diseased portions of the joint and replace it with artificial materials to prevent further deterioration and eliminate pain, stiffness, and decreases in function that were caused by the osteoarthritis.

A total knee replacement (TKA) is the most common joint surgery performed in the United States (Turner, 2011, pp. 27-32). Each year, over 650,000 Americans undergo this surgery (Wittig-Wells, 2015, pp. 45-49). It is an invasive surgery that involves an incision on top of the knee and replacing damaged parts of the knee with artificial parts that are either metal, ceramic or plastic. Someone would get a total knee replacement for damage of the joint, osteoarthritic, posttraumatic, or inflammatory arthritis. The cartilage is damaged, wears away and then you develop bony deformity and contracture of ligaments but it starts out with specific defects or wear of cartilage. The top nursing priorities for a total knee arthroplasty is to “prevent complications, promote optimal mobility, alleviate pain, and provide information about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment needs” (Doenges, 2014, pg. 627). A possible nursing diagnosis from the patient who is undergoing a TKA might be ‘impaired physical mobility related to pain and discomfort as evidenced by reluctance to attempt movement.’ Another one could be ‘acute pain related to chronic joint disease as evidenced by reports of pain’ (Vera, 2014).

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, highly prevalent in African Americans. African Americans men are 3 times more likely then Caucasians men to have involvement of all three compartments of the knee (Jordan, 2015). Total Knee Replacement (TKR) is a cost-effective treatment. Nonetheless, TKR rates are lower in African Americans.

In Kindred Rehabilitation, the patient had a total knee replacement due to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis causes degenerative changes, within the joints causing bone stiffening and reactive inflammation. My patient was admitted on 10/21/11 with osteoarthritis and a left total knee replacement. Her PT and INR were a concern because she had developed mild thrombocytopenia which resulted in the elevation and potential bleeding. The physician had to take her off of Lovenox and switch her to an oral anti-coagulant Xarelto at 10mg once daily. During her care I was educated by the interdisciplinary teams managing mobility, safety, and the more

I will be taking sick leave tomorrow, Monday, January 9, 2017, so I can pick-up my mother from the hospital in Winchester, VA. She had knee replacement surgery this past Thursday and she is scheduled to be released around noon tomorrow. I also need to get her prescriptions filled, so it will be a full day.

Total hip replacement is a surgical procedure to remove damaged bone in your hip joint and replace it with an artificial hip joint (prosthetic hip joint). The purpose of this surgery is to reduce pain and improve your hip function.

The development of 3D printing has greatly impacted the medical field, more specifically knee replacements. With the new development of 3D printing, patients have experienced a shorter recovery time, less pain, and more mobility.

Introduction: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is gaining popularity due to its less invasiveness and quicker recovery than total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, incidence of tibia-related complications such as tibial component subsidence and fracture has been increased. These may be due to improper surgical technique selection such as excessive removal of tibia plateau, including excessive posterior slope, exposing soft metaphyseal bone prone to fracture and implant subsidence. Mobile-bearing UKA allows minimal tibial bone resection because thinner polyethylene bearing can be used since there are less concerns about polyethylene wear.

The patient may also complain of crepitation being heard during movement due to irregularity of the joint surfaces in the knee gliding over one another. Knee osteoarthritis is characterized by structural changes in the knee seen on radiographs involving loss of articular cartilage, joint space loss, and the presence of osteophytes.3 Primary care providers is the ones who primarily manage osteoarthritis with conservative and pharmacological treatments. Conservative treatment consists of exercise, strength training, and weight loss in order to reduce pain and progression of the disease. However, many conservative treatments fail over time and pharmacological treatment is needed to reduce pain in the patient.1 This literature review will look into the knee portal techniques, corticosteroid injections, and hyaluronic acid injections for knee

People undergo total knee replacement when arthritis or injury erodes the joint's natural cushioning to the point where it's hard to walk even short distances without severe pain.

The knee joint is formed by the articulation of the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia. The fibula is only involved to the extent that it serves as an attachment site for connective tissue. In this paper, the anatomy of the joint will be discussed.

S: TM works in PDI Alignment Pit 2. According to TM he was stepping up into the pit, and twisted to the left to form and felt knee pain. TM reports his Knee pain is 7/10 his pain is in his left anterior part of the knee.

The primary apprehension pertaining to the total knee replacement (TKR) is that the tibia tray suffers from aseptic loosening and it occurs due to physical stress shielding pertaining to the bone which further may need a revision surgery. The finest material is expected to be put to use for the process pertaining to the TKR surgery (Nasab & Hassan, 2010). According to Okazaki et al. (2004) the material used for prosthesis which had rigidity had lead to stress pertaining to the components along with the bones that are adjacent to the artificial knee. It leads to affecting the bone stress shielding as well. During the recent times, there has been development of such graded materials which have been invented for being considered as the probable tibia try biomaterial pertaining to the implant for ensuring enhancement in the ability pertaining to the distribution of the stress experienced.

DN is a 68 year old Caucasian male who lives in Pomona, Missouri. On September 14, 2009, DN underwent a scheduled left total knee arthroplasty at Baxter County Regional Medical Center. A consultation appointment about a total knee arthroplasty was scheduled when DN had increasing pain in his knees while doing chores and working on his dairy farm. The increasing pain DN was having been due to a history of osteoarthritis and the wear-and-tear on his joints throughout his life, no specific injury was noted. Depending on the outcome of the left knee, DN was consulted on having his right knee done in the future

The neutrophils are attracted by fibronectine and growth factors which leads to them performing their role of phagocytosis. Phagocytosis allows the neutrophils to engulf all the debris and bacteria that are in and surround the site therefore getting rid of foreign particles and allow a clean environment for the inflammation to being to happen. As a result of the phagocytosis happening this then leads to macrophages replacing neutrophils which come from immature monocytes which are stored in spleen, they secrete growth factors and cytokines which lead onto the next phase of the healing response which is the proliferation phase (Frederic H. Martni, Judi L. Natch, Edwin F. Bartholomew, 2014).