Total Quality Management (TQM)

Total quality management is a management system of organization that involves all employees in continual improvement and is oriented on customers. This approach was developed by such quality leaders as Philip B. Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, Armand V. Feigenbaum, Kaoru Ishikawa, and Joseph M. Juran. TQM uses next principles (Westcott 2013):

Shop owners should gather information based on developing a strategic approach to business improvement. Information about total quality management (TQM) should be gathered to help Midas with continuous process improvements for addressing business at every level within the organization (Majed & Zairi, 1999). TQM implementation will define services, products, and customers; specify customer’s satisfaction; chart work steps that needs to be completed; identify key measures of processes; eliminate mistakes and activities that does not add value; in addition to continuing analysis, measurement, and process control (Majed & Zairi, 1999). The shop owners input should also include achieving ways to improve the quality of services to customers; reduce cost and time process; promote continuous improvement; optimize accomplishments to add value to customers; create an atmosphere of high morale and employee satisfaction; as well as provide an improvement efforts strategy for employees (Majed & Zairi, 1999).

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a complete and structured approach to organizational management that seeks to make better the quality of products and services through ongoing refinements in answer to continuous feedback. The importance and value of TQM was stressed by European Foundation of Quality Management to reach total customer satisfaction. TQM necessities may be defined separately for a organization or may be in adherence to established standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 series. Total Quality Management can define aims for the continuous improvement in all levels and functions of the organization. The continuous improvement suggests that quality management system should be a circle.

Quality management is an act that monitor all activities that needed to maintain and sustain high quality output, continuous improvement of process and product to a desire level of excellence in order to create customer satisfaction (Flynn, Schroeder, & Sakakibara, 1994, p. 342). Nowadays, increase in globalization and international trade had led to the increase of competition in the global market. The increase of competition had forced companies to focus on the concept of quality in their business and discover that effective quality management can increase their competitive advantage in the global market (Anderson, Rungtusanatham, & Schroeder, 1994).

Total Quality Management (TQM) is the theory of continuous improvement that involves all workers in a business from upper management to production line workers. The focus of the improvement program is to improve customer service and reduce waste in the business (Kelchner, 2015). There are 8 key elements that TQM is built upon. These 8 elements

The total quality management (TQM) incorporates quality into all the activities of the organization through an ongoing process. This control makes sure that there is a continuous improvement in all the activities and there will not be any chances for defects. TQM ensures safety and helps improve customer satisfaction (Daft, 2014).

First, it is essential to decompose the concept “Total Quality Management” to clearly understand its goal: “Total” goes for the fact that quality involves everyone and all activities in the company, “Quality” means conformance to Requirements “ Meeting Customer Requirements” and “Management” because Quality can and must be managed. 2 The TQM model is based on the hypothesis that a company’s survival is only possible if a competitive level is achieved and maintained for each of the so called «6 dimensions of quality»: • • • • • • Product & service quality On-time delivery Fair price Employees satisfaction Product & process safety Environment conservation.

Total Quality Management or TQM is a management strategy to embed awareness of quality in all organizational processes. The philosophy of TQM goes back to the 1940's when Dr. Deming started his quality endeavours in Japan and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980s. Then fore, The Japanese became so proficient at quality management that their success was a catalyst for Western companies to adopt the philosophy and practices.

In 1980, the character of quality in business strategy has taken two significant steps. Firstly, many businesses have recognized a strategy driven by quality can lead to substantial market advantages. Secondly, the lines between quality strategy and generic business strategies have become blurred to the point where TQM principles are integrated into most businesses' normal business planning. Nowadays, integration of TQM into strategic business planning is the result of a natural evolution for most businesses. Total Quality Management, is a way by which management and employees can involve in the continuous improvement of the production of goods and services. It is also a combination of quality and management tools aimed at increasing business and reducing losses due to wasteful

In supply chain management there is a very important component which is quality. Supply chain management which is known as the management of logistic service supplier should always maintain the quality of the supply materials. Total quality management enables the firm to differentiate the product and services and deduct the cost used. It using a philosophy that can stress three principles for achieving a better process performance and also quality. The principles of the total quality management are customer satisfaction, employee involvement, and continuous improvement in performance in order to fulfill customer need. Obviously, the major function of total quality management is to fulfill the customer

This created great pressures on organizations and made them willing to create and innovate so that they can gain competitive advantage over their rivals in the world markets. Adding quality to the final products may be one element that attracts and satisfies the customers. However, elements there have been numerous elements or factors that started to occur in the management and organizational domains. These included TQM or Total quality Management and COQ or Cost Of Quality. These concepts and more became dominant aspects that required concentration from companies. TQM is not only a strategy to be applied; it is an approach of management that must prevail all over the whole organization. The practices of the TQM are essential to exist in the

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a long-term process the involves commitment, at all employee levels, and continuous improvement as to how activities are managed and controlled by organizations to present quality goods or services that satisfy internal and external customers' need and expectation(Miller, 1996). TQM is a bundle of tools, techniques, processes, principles and experts practices that over the years has been evolved and improved(Shiba,Graham and Walden, 1993). To name a few, researchers who significantly contributed in evolving TQM philosophy and practices, and tool and techniques are: Walter Shewhart, Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, Armand Feigenbaum, Philip Crosby, Genichi Taguchi, and Kaoru Ishikawa (Boyer and Verma, 2010). In spite of differences in their TQM philosophy approach and definition, the fundamental principal goals of all TQM are the same. Oakland's idea of TQM does not differ either in that TQM objectives are fulfilled by realizing

Total Quality Management (TQM) is an improvement tool that is widely used in many companies. It consists of many aspects including Managing people as well as business processes in order to maintain customer satisfaction. With TQM, Businesses starts to do the right thing from the start and to ensure zero error. Therefore, it is important to learn the principle of TQM and how it acts in organizations with its advantages and disadvantages.

Introduction - Total quality management (TQM) has been defined as ‘continuous improvement of every production output whether it be a product or a service, by removing inefficient variations and by improving the backbone of the work process’. International managers like their domestic counterparts have found that incorporating the notion of total quality management into their management process and style can give the competitive advantage.

Total Quality Management (TQM) is the art of managing quality of whole activities of any organization. TQM is a philosophy and we can say it is also a set of guiding principles that represent the foundation of a continuously improving organization. It is the application to improve all the processes within an organization and exceed customer needs issues of customer satisfaction and guidance on implementing the marketing concept.