Touch & the Energy Systems

This system is dominant for the 75.2% of game time spent in zone 1, possibly standing or walking, and 15.1% of the game spent in zone 2, jogging or power walking (Appendix 1). This could have occurred when realigning on field after performing 18 defensive touches or when shuffling on field to change position (Appendix 2). During these efforts, the player would have been utilising the extra available oxygen to clear lactate and replenish CP stores. This is again evident during the 11 substitutions undertaken by a female player during an elite level game (Appendix 2). Due to the low intensity nature when off field, the athlete can recover efficiently when aerobically

As the trials progressed, the strength of the muscles decreased as well because of the experienced muscle fatigue due to the lactate threshold. In

Coordination - Coordination is required as players need to handball and kick accurately, whilst still be moving.

This test showed which players would be more suitable to the middle position, as they are fitter. It is also specific to the nature of touch football, due to the short sharp turns. The second aerobic capacity test we completed was the 12 minute run. For this test we had to run for 12 minutes trying to complete the maximum distance we could. My ratings for this test were good, (see appendix 1). These tests can be related to touch football, as touch football requires aerobic fitness because players need to be able to last a 40 minute game of continuous running. Even though in touch you have a number of subs, you are continuously subbing on and off. You do not get much rest, as the game is very vigorous. Aerobic capacity is mainly for the middle position in touch football, as they have to run a lot more during the game and are the fittest players on the field, (SportingPulse, 2013).

This group will start the testing by attaining the medical records of the player to see if he is physically and physiologically capable to perform such strenuous activities. After that information is attained we will start by testing the player’s endurance with a two mile run and monitor the times, heart rate, Vo2 max, and try to evaluate the lactic threshold. Thereafter in the following days, we will attain the midfielder’s 1RM in all multiple joint lifts giving us a baseline for our percentages.

Through the use of self-reporting systems, athlete trainers utilize several instruments to identify any present postconcussion signs and

Before the training programme Andre’s fitness level was not poorly but it wasn’t at he’s best though and in order for him to improve on he’s cardiovascular endurance, I created a six week training programme in which involved different exercises and training methods that he should use to improve on this skill. Also before he started this training programme, I tested Andre on some tests which are:

After being established in the 70’s, Touch Football is now played in every state of Australia and is ever increasing in popularity. Touch is a fast paced, thrilling sport that allows people of all ages to get involved with a rugby league style game without the major contact required in normal Rugby. Coaches for both league and union utilize many variations of touch at training as it can be used to improve skills while also having contact removed to avoid the possibility of injury. The overall aim in a game of Touch Football is for your team to score more touchdowns than your opponents. This is achieved by placing the ball in your opponents `Touchdown Zone. Touchdowns can be scored in a multiple amount of ways like rucking, wrapping and switching the ball to create space to score.

Being knowledgeable about the heart is very important, especially if one is an athlete. This experiment is significant, because it can tell us how important it is for one to keep their heart healthy. It will also tell us how playing a sport can benefit one’s health and the well being of their heart. Our hypothesis says, if the athleticism of a person increases, then the heart rate recovery time will decrease when heart rate recovery in a function of athleticism. The purpose of this project is to see which type of athlete, or non-athlete has the best heart function.

Speed is “The ability to minimize the time cycle of a repeated movement.” Speed in touch is usually used out on the wing by wingers. They are usually the fastest players and they can go from a certain distance from point A to point B over a short amount of time. Coordination is “The ability to combine several distinct movement patterns into a singular distinct movement.” Hand eye coordination is a massive component in touch football.

Defensively in soccer speed is sometimes slowed down and skilled footwork may be needed. How a player uses speed or velocity depends on the situation, but if just one isn’t done skillfully a player may not end up making the play as planned.

1. Soccer is one of the most demanding of all sports. The game is played on one of the largest fields of any sport, for the longest sustained time and with the least amount of breaks. Players in a soccer team are in continuous activity as they compete for loose balls, move to encourage teammates, rotate positions and run to make a space or test opponents. Running, jumping, sprinting movements in relation with sudden changes of acceleration and route outweigh the play. The power of the game ranges between low-level activities such as walking or jogging to ones of high intensity such as sprinting . This is what is known as intermittent exercise. The rhythm of soccer is dynamic and constantly changing, which is a characteristic that divides it from other endurance sports , this suggests that in order for a midfielder to successfully endure for the entire 90 minutes all three energy systems assist in different stages although the ATP/PC system is dominant.

Although imagined contact appears beneficial in reducing intergroup anxiety, previous research often excludes alternative explanations for imagined contact effects, such as generalised positive effects. This proposes imagined contact effects is not solely about imagining contact, but a result of positive feelings associated to the task. Stathi and Crisp (2008) found a positive tone of voice was vital for imagined contact to have positive effects. West, Holmes and Hewstone (2011) continued this, examining how imagined contact changes attitudes towards negatively stereotyped schizophrenia patients. Participants who were asked to solely imagine contact revealed increased intergroup anxiety. Whereas participants who imagined a positive encounter

Many sports require a deal of speed, agility, and quickness (SAQ) to achieve great levels of performance. Soccer is one of those sports where players perform numerous actions that require strength, power, speed, agility, balance, stability, flexibility, and endurance (Milanović et al., 2014). To understand the proper way to train soccer players in these areas, one must understand the difference of each component to develop a concrete training program. Speed should be viewed as how fast you can move/operate both the upper and lower body during a single move. Agility is the ability to change direction both quickly and effectively, and quickness is defined as the rapid response to one's overall body awareness. Knowing the definition of each component of the SAQ model, will provide great understanding on what section of the model should be addressed first.

The purpose of this essay to answer the question “Can we touch anything?” To do this, I have studied the research of other physicists on subjects such as the Pauli Exclusion Principle and electron repulsion. Topics like these are explored throughout the essay to help fully understand this particular concept. Through my research, I came to the conclusion that it is not actually possible to touch anything. This, of course, can lead to many questions, some of which are answered in the discussion section of the essay. Afterwards, I describe what I would potentially do if it were possible to continue my research.