Trafficking Organs Case

“Illegal trade in kidneys has risen to such a level that an estimated 10,000 black market operation involving purchased human organs now take place annually or more than one an hour” (The Guardian, 2012). People that are in the need of an organ and willing to participate in illegal activities will either send a broker or go directly to another country where people are lacking in the knowledge of the situation or have an extreme disability and buy an organ rom that individual. In most cases a broker will promise the seller a great amount of money, but in the end they will only receive a fraction of the money that was promised and for some they receive no money. If a broker cannot buy an organ they will steal one. “However, when the organ, like many other valuables that cannot be bought, it is stolen resulting in flagrant violation of human rights” (U.N.O.D.C, 2000). It is currently illegal to buy or sell human organ in the United States and many other countries. People involved with the operation of human trafficking will be charged with a trafficking offence. “For a trafficking offence to be established must be evidence of an illegal act (recruitment) followed by an illegal means (coercion) for the purpose of exploitation (organ harvesting), one in ten organ transplants are illegal” (U.N.O.D.C, 2000). Illegal sales of organs are increasing the rate of criminal

There is no denying that organ transplants save many lives. Nevertheless a issue exists because the demand for organs surpasses the legally accessible supply. The selling and purchasing of human organs is illegal all around the world. As a consequence a black market has been created to help satisfy the need of human organs. The black market consists of the rich, the poor and the broker. The rich uses the broker to help organize the purchase of organs from the poor and arrange the transplant operation. Many argue that the simple answer to this is to establish a legitimate firmly monitored organization for selling and purchasing human organs and others argue against that proposed answer. In this essay I will list and compare augments in

Dying painfully in a hospital bed is not the way anyone wants to go. Unfortunately for many people, it is a reality. Thousands of people a year end up dying while waiting for an organ that could save their lives. While on the other side of the world, thousands of people die a year, but from infection when an organ is forcefully taken from them to sell on the black market. There are two sides of the organ donation list, and both can end in death. This paper will discuss the shortage of donated organs and the issues with the current donation system. It will also discuss the black market for transplant organs and possible solutions to viable organ shortage. The focus of this paper will be on transplant kidneys as they are the most desirable organ for buyers and sellers.

There are a lot of people in this world that are going through organ failure. The National Kidney Foundation even found, “Every fourteen minutes someone is added to the kidney transplant list”. Statistically speaking, that is a great deal of people in need of a vital organ. The author Joanna MacKay talks about the need for organ donations in her article “Organ Sales Will Save Lives”. MacKay disputes her case briefly when stating her thesis in the first paragraph. She gives the audience her opinion on how the selling of organs should be built to become legal. Throughout the text she touches on the black market selling of kidneys. She also incorporates how other third world countries have allowed this practice of organ sales. The article includes her insight on what would happen if organ sales would be legalized and how it would be regulated.

To Compensate or Not to Compensate? That is the Question. There are 112 thousand people on the organ transplant list and 22 people die every day because they cannot find a match ("Organ Donation Statistics", 2017). In 1984, under the National Organ Transplant Act, America outlawed the buying and selling of organs. If caught selling organs illegally, those involved shall be fined not more than $50,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both (Prohibition of Organ Purchases, 2011). With organizations like Planned Parenthood selling the body parts of aborted fetuses, the compensation of organs has been compared to prostitution. (Gebelhoff, 2015). If organ donors begin being compensated for their gifts of life, the Black Market organ trafficking will increase due to supply and demand of organs which in return creates a higher victim rate related to the black market. Offering money for organs can be viewed as an attempt to coerce economically disadvantaged Americans to participate in organ donation even though these groups of people have been shown to be less likely to be candidates, monetary incentives for organs could be characterized as exploitation (National Kidney Foundation, 2003). The Compensation of organ donation is unethical due to the acts by organizations such as Planned Parenthood, black market increases along with acts of cruelty towards unexpecting victims, and the increase in costs to perform the transplants.

Addressing the Shortage of Organ Donors. More than 110,000 people are on waiting lists for organs they may not ever get in time (mantel). This has caused an organ black market in which people are trading their or other individuals’ organs for illegal money. In case making criminals out of normal people. In 2009, the FBI arrested a Brooklyn rabbi for illegal organ trade, he was buying organs from overseas for a mere ten thousand dollars and selling here in the black market for upwards of one hundred sixty thousand (Krauthammer). An organ trade of some sort needs to become legal and people need chances to be compensated for their organs. Also with the market becoming legal, patients will be in better hands pre-operation and post-operation.

• What do you think is the most significant problem regarding the sale of organs? The most significant problem regarding the sale of organs is the advantage some people are taking of the sellers who need money. Unfulfilled promises or low pays once the transplant is done • Why do you think it is

Feeling Empty? Thousands of people in the United States are dying each year because of a failed kidney, and have no chance to receive one. In “Organ Sales Will Save Lives” by MIT student, Joanna MacKay argues against banning the sale of organs, but instead recommends legalizing and regulating the trade of human organs in order to try and save people’s lives. MacKay reports that in America alone, approximately 350,000 people struggle each year with kidney failure. Since there is no cure, and buying kidneys is currently illegal, this leads the person to search for other options that usually result in purchasing organs on the black market. MacKay states that a black market purchase allows the recipient to buy a fresh, healthy organ from a living donor without the agonizing process of waiting on a list (157-158). MacKay believes that both the recipient and donor would benefit in the legalization and regulation process and if this comes to pass, more organs would be made available for transplant and many people would get the chance to live another day.

It is an indisputable fact that under the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984, there is a larger demand for organs than there is available supply. As a result, people in need of kidney or liver transplants die every year while waiting. Under the current system, the only way to receive an organ transplant is either by having a family member selflessly volunteer to donate theirs, or by being put on a waiting list to receive an organ from the recently deceased. To combat this lack of supply, some in need of transplants desperately turn to the black market, paying enormous sums of money for organs that were more than likely taken illegally. Others die waiting for a transplant that was never realistically going to happen in time. In essence, the gap between supply and demand for organs is causing both a loss in quantity and quality of lives. However, changing policy to allow payments to organ donors would drastically reduce this gap, therefore decreasing wait time for organs and saving lives. The crucial step that must be taken to save these lives is to repeal the National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 which prohibits the sale of organs.

Imagine yourself in a situation where you are literally dying for an organ and the hospital is unable to supply you with the organ that could save your life. Would you rather suffer in pain or would you turn to the black market to live? Picture yourself in the poorest

If the black market stopped and the legal market of organ trading started, the only people who will be able to have the procedure done would be the wealthy. The United Network of Organs reported that the average cost that is billed to the insurance companies for the first year of transplantation is $262,000. Think of those who do not have insurance. Do we make it available to anyone so they can have the same equal right to medical coverage? The cost that was reported includes people who donated their organs, but also organs that came from cadavers. The medical cost of pre-operation, surgery and post-operation of the organ seller will be just as expensive as the organ receiver, because you medically treat them the same way as you would the receiver of the organ. This will cause a drastic rise of healthcare cost for everyone involved. In the article, “Should the Purchase and Sale of Organs for transplant Surgery be Permitted”, by Gary Becker of 2006, argued that the medical cost overall for a transplant in the U.S. would not be huge after legalizing the sale of organs, because once we legalize the sale of the organs then the demand would go down, thus resulting in settling cost of each organ sold. However, the cost of the organ of itself should not be included in the cost of the actual procedure. It isn’t now. Even with the donations and cadavers organs, the cost of each transplant each year is a staggering cost over $260,00 for the first year. If we legalized organ trading, their want be need for someone to be a donner or a cadaver. Everyone, more than likely, will sell off their organs before they die for multiple reasons that will have long lasting

The boom of illegal organ trade has quickly moved into the United States. With the rise in diabetes, high blood pressure and other diseases in the US the demand for kidneys, which makes up 75% of the of the global organ trade, has also risen. “The illegal trade in kidneys has risen to such a level that an estimated 10,000 black market operations involving purchased human organs now take place annually” (Campbell and Davidson). With the unlimited money flow from the US to those third world countries, it is almost impossible to control the illegal trade of organs. Gangs and the wealthy have found more and more ways to get around the laws put in place to prevent illegal organ sales.

A lot of people has had someone in their life that needed an organ transplant. The Black Market is a group of people that buy and sell things illegally. The items they sell are generally things like banned weapons or human organs. The Black Market has a much more difficult time selling things like alcohol or simple weapons like pistols or shotguns because they are legal. People can donate their blood and other body fluids and get payment for it. In order to reduce the amount of body parts sold on the black market, congress must legalize the selling of organs.

The Ruling trend of Organ Transplants Needed Ever thought about being a hero? Or how about a life-saver? Well… you can be one by being an organ donor. Twenty-two humans die, everyday, while waiting for their hero; for an organ donor to donate their organs to those in need.(AmericanTransplantFoundation.org, 2016). Since, the lack of organs is donated, people are forced to illegally buying on the black market for organs. According to CNN, “... highest demand is the kidney and black market traffickers are meeting that demand...7,000 kidneys are obtained illegally every year... Organ trafficking is an illegal, yet thriving trade around the globe”( Pokharel, 2015). The fact is the black market has a tremendous amount of organs and people are not put on a waiting list when it comes to money and trickery. This has become a ruling trend since, people are not donating much, nonetheless on the black market there are tons of organs for sale, this has led to a continuous rise in organ sales, and Organ donation after cardiac death has increased the knowledge of whether or not this method is appropriate for recovering the organs compared to organ sales.

Introduction The legalization of organ sales has been proposed as a solution to two distinct problems. The first is the problem of illegal organ trafficking and the second is the problem of inadequate supplies of organs available for transplants. Gregory (2011) outlined the case for legalizing organ sales by arguing that the current shortage of organs fuels a black market trade that benefits nobody except criminals. He further argues that such a move would add organs to the market, thereby saving the lives of those who would otherwise die without a transplant, while delivering fair value to the person donating the organ. There are a number of problems with the view that legalizing the organ trade is beneficial. Such a move would exacerbate negative health outcomes for the poor, strengthening inequality, but such a move would also violate any reasonable standard of ethics, by inherently placing a price on one's life and health. This paper will expand on these points and make the case that we should not allow people to pay for organs.