Trans-Theoretical Model Essay

Solution-Focused Interviewing, The Transtheoretical Model, and Motivational Interviewing are three approaches used by practitioners to assist and guide people in changing their behavior. Each approach has its own format and process and this paper will compare and contrast some similarities and differences between these three approaches. This will be done by looking at five client scenarios and comparing and contrasting them with the approaches. The five client scenarios are; the client who wants something and sees themselves as part of the solution, the client who says someone else needs to change, the client who seems uninterested or resistant to changing, the client who wants what is not good for them and finally the client who does not seem to want anything.

The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).

The majority of people will decide to change their health behavior throughout their lifetime. The reasons for the change might be quite different from individual to individual. Some may be motivated to take action after experiencing a life threatening illness, while others are proactive and change their health behavior to decrease the risks of developing a potential disease. However, even if the reasons for the change are valid and well understood, there is a great possibility that one will not follow set goals long term. Stacy Carter, an assistant of professor and an author of the Social Validity Manual, expresses her opinion about people implementing a scientifically proven health behavior change treatment in their routine, “if it's something that is going to cause them a lot of effort, or is difficult to implement, then they probably are not going to use it for long” (Cranford, 2011). Use number superscript 1

Transtheoretical model research designed is used in this study. The transtheoretical model is sometimes referred to as stages of change, it is a model created to help us understand and motivate individuals to change behavior. Stages in trans-theoretical

Within the case presentation, there was reflection on the different theories that could be applied in her intervention and how to use different elements of each, such as the miracle question to understand what the client wants out of therapy (DeJong & Kim Berg, 2013). It was on account of cumulative knowledge gained during previous coursework pertaining to cognitive behavioral theory (CBT) as well as the in-depth discussion of the narrative approach within the capstone class that had ultimately led to, while short term, some progress within the client’s care during her time of treatment prior to her move. The process of learning about how to engage the client had resulted in the start of a good therapeutic relationship where the client

During the different stages of therapy the therapist and client take on different roles. In the beginning part of

This term paper is about solution-focused therapy and experiential therapy. In solution-focused therapy, the therapy does not emphasize the problem at all; it stresses and highlights the solution. The client is the expert and not the therapist. The experiential approach is often used to facilitate meaningful changes in individuals. SFBT is a short-term goal focused therapeutic approach which directs clients to focus on developing solutions, rather than on dwelling on problems. The theoretical framework, how change occurs, therapeutic techniques, postmodern perspective, the role of the therapist and some clinical examples are given in this term paper.

Exercise behavior is the study of theories which work to explain actions and phenomenon’s that occur when looking at peoples perspectives of exercise. One overall theory called The Transtheoretical model (TTM), includes elements from “across a variety of theories and models behavior, some of which are social-cognitive in nature and some of which are not” (79). The TTM describes five stages of behavior change: Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance. By using TTM as the base of multiple theories, a greater picture of exercise behavior is created to understand how individuals become interested and continue to make a life style that involves normal exercise.

It is very stressful for an adolescent to manage any disease. This is the population that strives to find their identity in society, and when they have to deal with a disease such as type 2 diabetes that requires changes in diet and lifestyle, it is a battle especially when you are an immigrant to a country that speaks a different language. Their parents lack the resources to get them help. There are many programs across the nation that are geared to educating English speaking adolescents that have type 2 diabetes and help them to get educated and improve their care. Prochaska's trans-theoretical model of behavior changes is founded on stages of change, and categorizes segments of population based on where they are in the process of change. Principles and processes are practical to start movement through the stages of change. Intervention is modified to specific needs and allow programs to be interactive and broadly applicable for treatment of an entire population (Proschaska, n.d.). Will the introduction of adequate, cultural sensitive educational programs geared towards diabetes type 2 prevention in immigrant Latino

It is irrefutable that the formulation of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), has efficaciously contributed to current perspectives in health psychology, allowing for a greater understanding in facilitating healthy behaviour change (Adam & White, 2003). TTM is a comprehensive six-stage theory which logically describes behaviour change as a process rather than a single event, providing the pathway to a more enduring and successful outcome (Adam & White, 2003; Prochaska, 2008). These stages include: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance, which occur cyclically in the event of relapses, until temptation is no longer present, resulting in termination (Marshall & Biddle, 2001; Prochaska, 2008).

The transtheoretical model helps explain the patient’s behavior change related to the health aspects. As per this change agent, the patient’s purposeful behavior change consists of the cognitive and the performance-based elements. The five stages of the model are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and the maintenance stage (Virginia Tech Continuing & Professional Education, n.d.).

The Transtheoretical Model is a theory of health behavior that suggests that behavior change is a process, not an event. There are five stages of change someone can go through while attempting to engage in positive behavior: precontemplation, no intention to act within six months; contemplation, intention to act within six months; preparation, intention to act within the next thirty days along with some behavioral steps; action, changed behavior for less than six months, maintenance, changed behavior for more than six months; termination, end of the behavior. These stages are not linear, so an individual can move up and down the stages of change indiscriminately.

The whole idea behind the transtheoretical theory is that people change for different reasons. Some are ready to change at different times than others. It is important to note that this model is considered circular and people tend to move back and forth through these stages (Pekmezi, Barbera, Marcus, 2010).

 ‘The person is not the problem, the problem is the problem is a widely known paradigm among systemic therapists and seeks to separate the person from the problem quite adequately. This in effect allows the Client an opportunity to see himself/herself differently without being labeled or blamed for the problem. The problem is then ‘externalized by the Therapist who through an abstract process will aim to treat the problem as an entity external to the client and will also give the problem a name. White & Epston (1990)

There are three models from this section that I focused on because I strongly believed in them or I did not understand them very well and wanted to research the concepts. The first being the medical model. According to the medical dictionary, the medical model is defined “as a set of assumptions that views behavioral abnormalities in the same framework as physical disease or abnormalities.” (Medical Model 2015). I do not like this model as a future model of my practice because I like to follow the holistic approach and that all abnormalities are treated separately and that not everything persons are afflicted by is a disease. However, I can see how this would work for a TR professional in the medical field of work. Second, the person-centered model is a behavioral approach that encourages clients to focus on their current subjective understanding rather than on some unconscious motive or someone else 's interpretation of the situation. I believe this could improve the therapist/client relationship by the therapist coming off as warm, genuine and understanding, this model allows the client to be self-motivated and be guided by self-directed behavior and attitude.