Transitional Justice

In the past, groups advocating for civil, human and migrant rights hardly made any meaningful progress courtesy of insufficient legislation and absence of political will. However, sweeping changes coupled by the need to recognize human rights have made it crucial to defend the oppressed in society irrespective of their location. Such civil and human rights groups have constantly set high standards when it comes to reinforcing the rule of law. Such groups ultimately combine forces to expose human rights violations and prosecute perpetrators. It’s undeniable that such groups have significantly ensured the enforcement of the rule

The understanding and applicability of post genocide reconciliation and transitional approaches has been a challenge over the years. The subject of which approach seems most applicable to one country or the other has been a debate, and in some cases, as these approaches have been a failure and resulted to the escalation of conflict in the process of providing solutions for restoration of peace. As the United Nations emphasised, in discussing the effectiveness of governance in restoring peace in conflict ridden countries, states that “[the] experience with post conflict reconstruction and recovery…for creating [and securing]…long term political stability… has changed over time as governments and external support organizations learned more about the complexities and challenges in crisis and post conflict countries” (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs; United Nations Development Programme, 2007, p. 8). In this same manner, Helena Cobban (2007) engages in an ethnographic study of a comparative analysis on the post genocide solutions applied in Rwanda, South Africa and Mozambique - restorative justice: truth and reconciliation process; prosecution-based approach/retributive

Imagine for a moment what it would be like if the entire population of Sonoma County, California was killed, and twenty years later not many people knew a great deal about it. When over 500,000 people, primarily Tutsis, were killed in the Rwandan genocide in 1994, it was a great tragedy. However, no one rushed to the country’s aid. Now it is vital that the horrors of the instance that violated the human rights of so many, is not forgotten. Human rights are the universal actions and objects that all people are entitled to because they are human. Human rights have been violated in numerous ways over time, typically as a result of a person in power having their own best interests in mind rather than the peoples´. Various groups, such as Amnesty

There is a close relationship between human rights and criminal law. The scope of my paper will surround human rights and the International Criminal Court (ICC) in addition to human rights and international crimes. International criminal justice in this context speaks to those interested in prosecuting against the background of international human rights and humanitarian norms. The use of criminal law has many positive effects and pursues many goals that are worth considering. For example, deterrence, accountability and punishment are important principles that will be discussed in the context of human rights. Is the International Criminal Court an effective method to promote and protect human rights internationally? If so, why and how?

The past continues to influence our world today through many things relating to the rights of humans as a nation. In spite of the idea of mankind's privileges may be abstract, how it is connected needs to be regulated with respect to every day term overall. Millions had endured law violations against mankind. A huge number that's only the tip of the iceberg work done reinforced work. In a decade alone, dictator standard need precluded common and political liberties to billions. An ornament sizeable structure is being developed. Governments are struggle to dormant mortal claim domestically and out, and are partnering with organizations to do so. An excise on the go and decentralized screeching of civil-society bent is additionally to involved in the effort. The basic to furnish individuals with sufficient general human services is emphatically installed over the globe, and considerable assets have been committed to the test. The privilege to flexibility from subjection and constrained work has additionally been incorporated into universal and national organizations, and has profited from prominent weight to battle constrained work. At last, the relentless collection of human rights related traditions has urged most states to accomplish more to execute restricting enactment in their rights. In the long haul, reinforcing the human rights administration will require a widened and lifted United Nations rights design. A relentless coalition between the world to blend political and monetary rights inside fair establishments will likewise be important. Meanwhile, provincial associations and other institutions must assume a bigger part from the base up, and rising forces must accomplish more to lead. Together, these progressions are the world's best seek after strong and general delight in human

In the contemporary criminal system, there would have been a different outcome and the process involved. The contemporary system would have taken the statement from the victim and pursued the people responsible. Once they located the people responsible, they

A key aspect of restorative justice lies in the offender apologizing for the crime and members

The purpose of this paper is to describe how restorative justice can benefit school districts by helping them change the behavior of students who fail to comply with school rules and policies. Educational institutions that rely less on suspension or expulsion and more on methods that teach children how to understand their actions and how they impact others can have a positive difference in their lives as well as the people close to them. I believe that restorative justice can be used in a similarly to the way probation is offered to adults that are guilty of perpetrating a crime and are less likely to offend again.

Roy Gutman from the Newsday magazine brought this issues to light so the world could see how these individuals were being treated. On April 30, 1992 in Bosnia Serb forces decided to participate in ethnic cleansing by forcing many non-Serb people into this camp. They were living in brutal conditions, the Omarska camp along Keraterm and Trnopolje were created and looked like a concentration camp.

Human rights violations occur all around the world on a daily basis. Despite the Universal declaration of human rights (UDHR) to safeguard the rights of all human beings, some states are still dragging their feet to implement the basic rights their citizens are entitled to. So, to advocate for people whose rights have been denied, many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have taken upon themselves to work and promote social and political change. These NGOs play an important part in improving communities, and advocating for citizen participation. In that sense, Doctors without borders, mostly known as Medecins sans Fontieres (MSF), has gained a lot of praise for its work for helping people in need, and acting as an instrument of reducing poverty worldwide.

It gives a clear summary of what Amnesty International has done throughout the 2000, providing useful information about recent history pertaining to social reparation. Knowledge of the programs present throughout the 2000s is particularly useful to know in order to visualize a timeline of what has been done post conflict. This paper connects with Salzman as the historical basis of Salzman allows the Amnesty International article to be read with the cultural understanding that the AI article alone lacks. The difference in time is important between the two as Salzman’s focus is on the UN prosecution of the perpetrators, while Amnesty International focuses on victims forgotten by time, in a place where they continue to get no redress for their grievances. This work relates to Ginn as well. Both papers provide an account into policy and reformations of policy. While Ginn focuses more on learning from failed court systems, Amnesty International emphasizes the promotion of more effective social organizations, in order to promote human rights. These articles focus heavily on the rape survivors’ low success count in terms of compensation, which is another strong indicator that the articles work well together, as the focus does not leave behind those to whom reformations to the systems are for.

I totally agree with Katie. Transitional justice is generally short term as opposed to Transformational justice, which is long term, organic and sustainable. I think the purpose of transitional justice is to initiate the process of peace building by bringing perpetrators to justice and punish them for their wrongdoings. Transitional justice hasn't been a sustainable form of peace building because it only fixes one problem (temporary justice), but overlooks the socioeconomic effects of violence. Overall, transitional justice creates negative peace. In Wendy Lambourne's article, she encourages scholars to challenge western legal discourse on peace building because it isn't sustainable. In contrast, Transformational justice is a well rounded process

The United Nations is widely regarded and respected as the most powerful institution that promotes international cooperation and human rights action. In theory, actions implemented by and within the United Nations are based on the mutual global goal of protecting international human rights and preventing human sufferings. These actions are constituted through three main mechanisms: the Treaty-based system, the Human Rights Council, and Security Council and Humanitarian Interventions, with the level of confrontation and seriousness in each mechanism increases respectively. While aimed to serve the mutual goal of protecting human rights over the world and have shown some successes, in a world of sovereignty, actions when implemented are in fact grounded by the national interests of each state, including embracing its national sovereignty, concreting its strategic relationships with other states, and enhancing its reputation in the international community. This paper will analyze the successes and failures of each of the three mechanisms of the United Nations regime, through which it aims to prove that when it comes to actions, states focus more on their national, and in some cases, regional interests than on the mutual goal of strengthening human rights throughout the world, thus diminishing the legitimacy of the whole United Nations system.

The supporting and advocating on behalf of human rights has been one of the primary principles of the United Nations. Since its founding in 1945, the United Nations has worked to preserve the basic human rights and fundamental freedoms it believes to be deserved of by every man, woman, and child on the planet. Throughout the near seventy years of the United Nations’ existence, it has been challenged with an array of questions, events, and claims regarding the possible violation of human rights. In order to combat these claims, the body has established two organizations to deal with matters of human rights. The first being the Commission Human Rights, was the original organization, founded in 1946. The Commission existed

The United Nations, with its rigid moral and political limitations against force, has become a benchmark of peace and a social achievement of modern times. From war torn Europe, the United Nations developed from five major powers with an initial goal to prevent the spread of warfare through peaceful means and to establish and maintain fundamental human rights. Through the past fifty years, this organization has broadened its horizons with auxiliary organizations from peace keeping missions to humanitarian aid, to economic development. However, in a modern example of ethnic cleansing, the UN faces new a new role as a bystander as its power is bypassed by NATO forces. The UN, however, promises to be an