Transportation in Arabia: Improving Infrastructure Using Modern Technology

Saudi Arabia has been ineffective in solving their water crisis and has failed to use available energies, causing them to use expandable resources. There are better technologies that could

Iraqi leaders have a larger vision called "The Dry Canal project" to transport goods between the North and South of the world quickly, safely and inexpensively. Road and rail schemes should be planned to run this project in Iraq could change the ordinary shape on the regional trade. In short: Shipments (Cargo) coming across the Gulf will be loaded in trains and trucks from the Iraqi Grand port of Al-Faw Southern of the country, and

The more modern life, the higher traveling. One country cannot develop without traveling. Thus, governments should give more money, and policies to improve the quality of streets, roads, highways and besides, governments have to increase more public transportation such as buses, trains, subways.. to service the needs of traveling.

While it seems most transportation issues, such as roadway, bridge, and mass transportation focus on metropolitan areas, one Texas county believes that focus should change. William County, a suburban county outside of Austin, Texas, plays host to the 19th annual Williamson County Growth Summit. The summit, sponsored by the Austin Business Journal, addresses the metropolitan region’s growing transportation needs.

At the start of the 18th century, Middle Eastern countries witnessed their Eastern neighbors being overtaken by Western Europe and were faced with a choice: to pick apart or to be picked apart. It was from this dilemma that defensive developmentalism emerged in the Middle East. Empires such as the Ottomans, Persia, Tunisia, and Egypt began the process of centralizing their authority in order to assert effective control over their populations. The chief goal of defensive developmentalism for these empires was to assert their autonomy, whether that be autonomy from the Ottomans in the case of Egypt and Tunisia, or from outside imperialists in the Ottoman Empire and Persia. In order to accomplish these goals, defensive developmentalists undertook extensive reforms to establish their empires as relevant worldwide powers.

In contrast, Shah Reza’s economic development was successful. In his arena economic development began with the development of the transportation system. These developments included creation of a network of railroads that connected Iran from north to south and from east to west by 1941. The connection of Iran ports to inland cities leaded to encouraging trade between rural and urban centers (Anon., Dec 1987)

Not enough effective and reliable of transportation system is one of the reason discourage investment by companies in any means. in future resource development rely on it. Economic development and transportation issue is pretty much like chicken or egg witch one first.

Transportation was one of the Iraqi economy's most active sectors in the late 1980s; it was allocated a large share of the domestic development budget because it was important to the government for several reasons. Logistics became a crucial factor in Iraq's conduct of the Iran-Iraq War. The government also recognized that transportation bottlenecks limited industrial development more than any other factor [13]. Finally, the government believed that an expanded transportation system played an important political role by promoting regional integration and by heightening the central government's presence in the more remote provinces. For these reasons, the government embarked on an ambitious plan to upgrade and to extend road, rail, air, and

This economic modernization in the Middle East, could only be a short term success which does not guarantee the successful and stable economic development of oil rich states and the region as a whole in the long term. The Middle East, despite its vast reserves of oil, is still considered a developing region due to the high reliance on oil revenues and rather weak production sector of the economy as well as due to some political factors such as lack of democracy, corruption, reluctance to the reforms and other issues. There are various reasons as to why the Middle East is still considered a developing region despite its oil wealth. Natural resource revenues have also been linked to slow economic growth rates, inequality, and poverty. One culprit may be "Dutch disease," which was discussed earlier. Other factors may include the volatility associated with commodity prices, which can have especially negative impacts on weak-state economies; and the underdevelopment of agricultural and manufacturing sectors during boom periods in resource-based economies. And even when oil abundance produces high growth, it often benefits only a few corrupt elites rather than translating into higher living standards for most of the population. Corruption is one of the economic deficiencies which can weaken economic growth and development; thus it is considered as an important impediment to economic growth and political stability, particularly in developing countries. The dependence on a

A near total cessation of railroad activities after the 2003 US invasion, along with reliance on the road network to transport cargo, has further burdened the network. The total length of Iraq’s roads, excluding municipalities and those found in Baghdad, is about 49,000 kilometers. This comprises 2,084km of highways, 11,000km of arterial roads, 10,000km of rural roads, 11,000km of border roads and 15,200km of secondary roads". [2][8] (Figure.2-1)

Saudi Arabia started oil’s production in 1970 and the foundation of ARAMCO (Arabian American Oil Company) in Dhahran, a city on the east shoreline of Saudi Arabia where most American presence is located. A lot of American engineers and oil professionals brought their

The development of every nation hinges on the effectiveness of their transportation systems. Movement of goods, services and people to and from work is made possible by transportation systems. The importance of effective transportation systems cannot be over-emphasized. A lot of countries are facing Transportation problems and my country Ghana is no exception. A trip of about 30 minutes can take about an hour or more due to traffic jams. This is seriously impacting productivity and has been a topical issue in the country. The situation is the same in Uganda where I currently work. To this end, Transportation Engineers are needed to design roads/ highways that will stand the test of time, plan effective traffic management systems to reduce travel

The history of public transport development in Sub-Saharan Africa differs from one country to another. However, to date we may affirm that it is a sector which remains poorly organised across the continent. Many companies were created in various countries, even several times in the same country, but the vast majority of them have failed. (Addo,

Further infrastructural developments in the future includes Khalifa port in Abu Dhabi, expansion of Port Khalid in Sharjah, extensive goods rail networks connecting the GCC countries and other Airport and Port expansions. This vigorous investment in the sector is essential due to same trend prevailing among other GCC countries. This would further improve the market size and continue growth in sector.

The objective of this paper is to understand the modes of road transportation, the role of road transportation in urban areas, the role of transportation infrastructure in