Transtheoretical Model Essay

Exercise means to do a physical activity for the improvement of health and the body. In an over expanding society, this word has been viewed in various lights especially when it is combined with the word cult. The question being asked by society is: is the tribe mentality in the exercise comunity good? Some may argue that being in a supportive group is an essential element of a good exercise program. While there might be reason to believe that, a tribal mentality should not be accepted in the exercise community because it brings antagonistic attitudes and cult-like manners to a certain group.

The majority of people will decide to change their health behavior throughout their lifetime. The reasons for the change might be quite different from individual to individual. Some may be motivated to take action after experiencing a life threatening illness, while others are proactive and change their health behavior to decrease the risks of developing a potential disease. However, even if the reasons for the change are valid and well understood, there is a great possibility that one will not follow set goals long term. Stacy Carter, an assistant of professor and an author of the Social Validity Manual, expresses her opinion about people implementing a scientifically proven health behavior change treatment in their routine, “if it's something that is going to cause them a lot of effort, or is difficult to implement, then they probably are not going to use it for long” (Cranford, 2011). Use number superscript 1

Many find it interesting how the media portrays exercising and dieting. America’s concern about obesity has shocked many organizations, programs, and citizens to take demand. Most seems to know how to take action, for example, they know to monitor calorie intake and exercise daily. However, these ideas have been slower to reinforce. The print media have a big part in this because the consumers read about the actions taken by models and they try to also reinforce those things but, it does not give the consumers the results they hope for, so there is often lost hope. Many think that because the text states that physical activity is the same as working out. Physical Activity is defined as “any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure.” Exercising is defined as “physical activity that is done in order to become stronger and healthier.” Colleagues at The National Academies stated that there has been an overall decrease in physical activity during the past half century in the United States.

been taking much place in people’s lives. Physical activity is an action which requires an

A Research Agenda to Examine the Efficacy and Relevance of the Transtheoretical Model for Physical Activity Behavior explains that regular physical activity decreases chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, some cancers, obesity, cardiovascular disease, etc. The model has been used in the United States to address different health issues and change behavioral attitudes, as well as facilitating promotion strategies that are individualized and easily adapted (Nigg, Geller, Motl, Hoewath, Wertin, and Dishaman,

There was no blinding in this study. Both groups, the participation group and the nonadherence group, were formed naturally by the subjects. Women who engaged in exercise infrequently were not included in this study due to inconsistent exercise performance, which would make it increasingly difficult to gather accurate data. There were several limitations in this study. There was below-average reliability amongst the group adherence measurements. Therefore, the data obtained should be examined carefully. Since this study was descriptive, the participants were not randomly assigned to specific groups. Lastly, since motivation was not measured before the study began, it is not known if the levels of exercise

Those against mandatory exercise say that if students feel it is important to exercise they will create a program of physical activity on their own and it does not need to be a part of the school. The problem with this theory is that the majority of people would stop the program if left on their own without any sort of accountability. For example, a study was done on several different exercise plans to see what results would happen over time. First the theoretical approach of self-monitoring was used. This program left individuals to attend exercise sessions on their own without any intervention from others. The overall observation was that interest in attending and exercising was lost after about four weeks. Next the approach of stages of change was used. This program used four different groups. One group received weekly calls with structured inquiry to see how and when the subjects were personally exercising. The second group received weekly calls with general inquiries about their exercise habits. The third group received a call every three weeks with general inquiries of exercise, and the last group received calls every three weeks with structured inquiries. The results were, that 63% of the subjects who were called more frequently were regularly exercising as opposed to only the 22% exercising success rate of those that were called less frequently. Also those called with the structured

The Clinical and Pathological Outcome of Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision Compared to Laparoscopic Surgery for the treatment of middle and lower rectal cancers: A Case-Control study

Szabo (1998) proposed that those addicted to exercise will experience a more compelling withdrawal than dedicated exercisers. A comprehensive manner to distinguish between both sets of individuals may be through the actions and intentions for exercise of the individuals. Exercise addiction between an athlete which is healthy and an exercise addict may be sharing very similar levels of training; the difference is the mental approach and attitude taken by each individual. The individual addicted to exercise is unable to see the real value in unnecessary exercise and is resolute in pursuing his sport despite it being against his best interest.

It is difficult to change my own behavior sometime, and it is more complex to changes other someone’s behavior and to forecast their intervention, knowing these attitude can be as significant as significant the person’s attitudes. Positive approach in the direction of physical activity (PA) was strapping predictors of PA linked with being PA and less inactive. Nevertheless, physically powerful adult to do exercise was not linked with real behavior. Interactive debate during focus groups unraveled approach and barrier power PA behavior. Doing PA to sense good quality and to like themselves was extra important for young population than the ordinary supposition of ‘winning’ and

Exercise is one of the most important factors in a persons’ life. Physical activity, or the lack of it, can result in a person having a healthy life or cause them to have diabetes. The benefits of exercise are countless. The positive health results, the improvement in attitude, even better academic performance are all factors which make not exercising inexcusable.

Enjoyment was the second main reason for male students whereas weight loss was the second main reason for doing exercise given by female students. More female students liked to do gentle exercise whereas males choose more intensive exercises. The study supports the hypothesis that partially supports the hypothesis that enjoyment was the second most reason for male students and weight loss was the main reason for female after health/fitness. Also more females choose doing less intensive exercise than males. A possible implication of this study is that Health Organizations or any other authority for the promotion of physical fitness by doing exercise.

Fitness is a billion dollar industry yet obesity is a growing problem in our country. One of the main reasons for this is that people are leading more sedentary lifestyles. The long term benefits of overcoming non-adherence to exercise through behavioral changes is improved overall health, but there are barriers to achieving this goal. The different types of barriers are physical, psychological, social and environmental. Which type of barrier has the biggest impact on adhering to a long term exercise program? It is important to understand the barriers that stand in the way of leading an active lifestyle in order to develop strategies to help people reach their wellness goals. Psychological barriers are comprised of many different aspects that can inadvertently overlap all reasons for exercise adherence. Therefore, psychological barriers have more bearing on adherence to long term exercise than physical and environmental barriers.

Research shows that regular physical activity (PA) improves physiological health by helping reduce the risk of developing diseases like high blood pressure, heart disease, colon cancer, or diabetes (The American Psychological Association [APA], 2014). While also improving psychological health by reducing stress, anxiety and depression (APA, 2014). Physical activity (PA) is defined as any body movement that works your muscles and requires more energy than resting (The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [NHLBT], 2014). Provided with such benefits it would be expected that engagement and maintenance of PA among college students would be higher. However, reality is, only 38 % of college students participate in regular vigorous activity, and only 20 % participate in regular moderate activity (Douglas, Collins, Warren, Kann, Gold, Clayton & Kolbe, 1997). Because of the importance of PA to a person’s well-being it is not only important to know and understand the possible underlying factors existent that trigger a person to engage in PA but it is also crucial to examine the factor or desires that allow a person to maintain and engage in PA for a long period of time. For that reason, it is important to study intrinsic motivation in relation to physical activity. Intrinsic motivation refers to engagement in an activity because of the inherent pleasures and satisfactions it provides (Ryan, William, Patrick, & Deci, 2009).

Adding exercises into one’s daily routines can change their whole lifestyle. Many people look at exercise as being something just for people who want to lose weight or to become muscle bound, but there are a great deal of benefits that can be received from exercising regularly. Of course gaining muscle and losing fat are the two most popular reasons that usually attract people to the gym, but they make up a small part of the potential benefits that can be achieved with exercise. There are several ways in which I have benefited in my life from exercising regularly, besides just making me bigger and stronger. It has made me become more organized, helped me make better decisions, and motivated me to take on new challenges in life.