Transtheoretical Model Of Health Behavior Essay

Prochaska & DiClemente’s (1984) research suggests the Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is effective and has an impact in health promotion. The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is becoming a more popular and widely used resource for health promotion; this is because it can be applied with a number of addictive behaviours such as smoking, drug use and alcohol abuse (Whitelaw, et al, 2000). The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change has six stages these include, Pre contemplation this is when the patient is not seriously considering change, Contemplation This is when the patient is thinking about change, Preparation when the

In this report it will investigate at least three recent health education campaigns and use them to explain two models of behaviour change. The three recent health education campaigns will be ‘Smoke Free’, ‘Change4Life’ and ‘FRANK’. The two models of behaviour change will be the theory of reasoned action and the stages of change model.

Relating to Mr Abraham scenario he is presumed to be in the precontemplation stage of the Procheska and Di-Clemente model (1984)The scenario set is he is well known to the ward he has been admitted  numerous times due to having exacerbation's of COPD .Furthermore Mr Abraham is fully aware that smoking contributes and makes an impact on his health condition however there are no clear indications in him willing to take steps to quit smoking and he is also hesitant to consider the possibility of change.

The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).

Transtheoretical model research designed is used in this study. The transtheoretical model is sometimes referred to as stages of change, it is a model created to help us understand and motivate individuals to change behavior. Stages in trans-theoretical

Another model, Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change is a biopsychosocial model that suggests six stages of behavior change. The stages included in this model are pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination/preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse of batterers. This model is usually used to help individuals overcome addictive behaviors. The first stage, pre-contemplation, is the stage in which batterers cannot admit their problem when it comes to violence. Batterers will claim their actions are against their partner was a normal reaction. (Alexander & Morris, 2008; Popescu et al., 2009). In the second stage, contemplation, individuals slowly arrive at the conclusion that they have a problem and reflect the benefits to changing their actions. Determination/preparation is the stage in which individuals determine how they will approach solving the issue or decide on the best course of action. The action stage is when the individuals are heavily involved in the changing process. The final stage of the trans-theoretical model is maintenance, which is when the individual is tries to prevent reverting back to their previous behaviors. Individuals must try to sustain all of the advancements and change they have made to their behaviors throughout the process (Popescu et al.,

It is irrefutable that the formulation of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), has efficaciously contributed to current perspectives in health psychology, allowing for a greater understanding in facilitating healthy behaviour change (Adam & White, 2003). TTM is a comprehensive six-stage theory which logically describes behaviour change as a process rather than a single event, providing the pathway to a more enduring and successful outcome (Adam & White, 2003; Prochaska, 2008). These stages include: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance, which occur cyclically in the event of relapses, until temptation is no longer present, resulting in termination (Marshall & Biddle, 2001; Prochaska, 2008).

The transtheoretical model helps explain the patient’s behavior change related to the health aspects. As per this change agent, the patient’s purposeful behavior change consists of the cognitive and the performance-based elements. The five stages of the model are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and the maintenance stage (Virginia Tech Continuing & Professional Education, n.d.).

The Transtheoretical Model is a theory of health behavior that suggests that behavior change is a process, not an event. There are five stages of change someone can go through while attempting to engage in positive behavior: precontemplation, no intention to act within six months; contemplation, intention to act within six months; preparation, intention to act within the next thirty days along with some behavioral steps; action, changed behavior for less than six months, maintenance, changed behavior for more than six months; termination, end of the behavior. These stages are not linear, so an individual can move up and down the stages of change indiscriminately.

Prochaska and DiClemete discovered the stages-of-change model in the 1980s as six multistage processes in which knowledge and type of treatment were recommended to provide and individualize approach to help people in each stage. Motivation and education were helpful to people in the precontemplation and contemplation; active cognitive-behavioral interventions were needed for those in the preparation, action and maintenance stages. The relapse stage is where the individual returns to any earlier stage and begins to recycle through the earlier stages (Knickman, Jonas & Kovner, 2015, p. 128).

“In my personal life as well as in my professional life I will always try to remember that we all have various background, and faced to a situation, I will treat people according to the way the perceived the situation. In regard to the Health Belied Model, I will try to not ignore the warnings of my body. I will seek for medical care or at least medical advices as soon as I will not feel on top of my game because a disease is better treated in its earlier phase.

The process of change describes how people change. These processes of change are divided into two categories; cognitive and behavioral. Cognitive is the thinking process of change and behavioral is the action process of change. The transtheoretical model suggests that people use different strategies, techniques or different amounts of each at different stages in their change process. Self-efficacy refers to confidence and an individual’s experience with confidence to perform specific behaviors in specific situations. Self-efficacy is a good predictor of behavior change. An individual with higher self-efficacy may be more likely to change a behavior even if the situation doesn’t have any positive reinforcements (Campbell, Eichhorn, Early, Caraccioli, Greely, 2012).

As we known, many health conditions are caused by risk behaviors, such as excess drinking, smoking, unprotected sexual behavior. People need to recognize that these behaviors are risk for their health condition. How people perceive their health issue is a major important element for making positive change.

Over the years, researches have expanded on this theory. They added that an individual will more likely to take action if, in addition to Becker's three individual perceptions, patient's perceived barriers, cue to action and self-efficacy will also

Individuals are products of their life experiences, with the ability to create and modify behavior; the ultimate goal of alteration of a behavior is improving some aspect of your life through analysis, and implementation of sequential procedures. For this project, I have chose to modify an increase in my daily water consumption, with the intention to enhance overall health and wellness. Water is an essential element for the survival of the human body. At least 20% of water necessary each day is consumed through the foods you eat, with direct consumption of water the most effective and beneficial method of rehydration. Each day, water is lost through the process of urination, respiration and perspiration, and in order for these bodily functions to occur water must be continually replaced through our daily diet. When water is not consumed individuals are at risk of dehydration, which can negatively impact the human body. These symptoms include thirst, headaches, dry-skin, fatigue, join and muscle pain. As a full-time university student, working part-time with social commitments throughout the day it is often difficult to intentionally reflect on how much water I have consumed, with in some instances not having access to a water bottle at all times. Research suggests, that the transtheoretical model of change, also known as the stages of change model, will be a good model for changing this behavior. The transtheoretical model is an integrative and comprehensive model of