Traumatic Brain Impairment

Concussions or mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI) are the most common forms of traumatic brain injury. There are between 1.6 and 3.8 million concussions a year that occur due to sports and recreation accidents alone (CDC). Mild concussions and MTBIs were once thought to be insignificant in terms of consequences. However, there now is significant evidence that neurological even with what is thought to be a mild injury, physiological, and cognitive changes can occur. Individuals sustaining mild brain injuries often report an assortment of physical, cognitive, and emotional/behavioral symptoms referred to as post concussion syndrome (PCS). There are many symptoms associated with PCS, but these symptoms are often mistaken as behavior, mood, and/or adjustment disorders.

A child who is under the age of puberty is lacking the chemicals in the brain to see the whole picture and make decisions so the wounds that happen in childhood, a time during which the child does not have the capacity to understand, trigger responses not based on the whole picture of the event just happened, it is based on the adrenaline of the events and the relationship of the current event to previous events and trauma stored in the brain. Once a child is traumatized, the child will be more vulnerable to perceiving future events as trauma. In the bible Paul says, “We are not to cast down arguments or strongholds and every high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, and bring every thought into captivity and to the obedience

Concussions are a form of brain injury that is medically defined as a condition that modifies the way in which an individual’s brain essentially functions as a result of significant trauma to the head or body (Mayo Clinic, 2016). While most people believe that concussions can only be sustained by receiving a direct blow to the head itself, concussions can actually develop from any forceful acceleration to either the head or the body as long as the impact is hard enough (Edwards & Bodle, 2014). The amount of energy that is generated by such dynamic contact basically causes the brain to jolt back and forth against the skull surrounding it, thereby damaging the neurological structure almost instantaneously. However, most concussions tend to lean more to the milder side of the brain injury spectrum and, in most cases, the

A traumatic brain injury (“TBI”) occurs when the brain is somehow injured, rattled, or wounded from an external source of force. The means of acquisition and the severity of TBIs are unique to each patient; therefore, symptoms and rehabilitation can vary greatly depending on the patient’s condition following the incident and how they sustained the injury. The severity of a TBI is generally classified into one of three categories: mild, moderate, or severe, and this type of diagnostic criteria influences how a patient with TBI is treated by medical staff and rehabilitation specialists. TBIs can affect a specific part of the brain that was directly impacted, leaving the patients with only one or a few areas of impairment, or the damage can

A concussion is “a clinical syndrome characterized by immediate and transient alteration of brain function, including alteration of mental status and level of consciousness, resulting from mechanical force or trauma” (American Association of Neurological Surgeons). Concussions are commonly seen in sports injuries in children and adolescents, but can also occur from falls, motor vehicle accidents, physical assault, and recreational injuries. In a concussion, a blow to the head or violent shaking causes the brain to twist or bump up against the skull. The force of the brain hitting the skull may tear blood vessels, pull, squeeze, stretch, or tear nerve fibers and neural cells, and bruise the brain (Brain Injury Association). This causes disruptions in brain processing and in turn all the symptoms associated with

It only takes a split second for a jolt to the skull to cause extensive damage and serious impairment of the voluminous and vital neurological functions. Who would be your power of attorney? How would you pay for the medical bills? Questions the majority of people never even think of- you never think it could be you. Effects may be long term or short term, depending on the gravity of the incident. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a serious public health problem in the United States. Based on recent studies, on average, 1.7 million people endure a traumatic brain injury each year.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a fairly recent discovery in medicine, psychology, and sports; even so there have been a number of studies within the last decade focusing on CTE. A recent study published last year by Filley focused on National Football League players who started playing football before they were twelve years old. He also had a control group who started later in life and saw that the earlier the player started playing football more neurologic impairment came with it later in life. A little earlier than this in 2012 Lehman had a similar outlook with focusing only on National Football League players, though his study was much larger with a total of 3,439. Due to CTE only diagnosable after death, Lehman had to get his data

After many studies, researchers have found that a tremendous amount of football players will develop a brain disease known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). This disease is found mostly in athletes who have encountered direct contact to the head. Most of the time, football players will be afflicted with CTE after receiving multiple hits on or near the helmet. Over time, these hits start to affect players in a negative way causing brain trauma, later resulting in CTE. Consequently, CTE has symptoms that are not pleasant and could change players and their families lives forever; some of the symptoms include mood swings and memory loss. CTE also leads to other health afflictions; from the article, Anne McDonnell states, “Brain injuries

Soldiers returning from combat face a wide range of challenges in adjusting to civilian life. These challenges are compounded by the high susceptibility of combat-experienced soldiers to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and overlapping symptoms of traumatic brain syndrome. As the two articles considered hereafter demonstrate, the U.S. military has sought better ways of understanding the primary symptoms and health consequences of traumatic brain syndrome with an interest in driving better outreach and treatment. The discussion will address the value of both articles in contributing to this aim.

TBI or Traumatic Brain Injuries can be caused by much more than just a fall. Their are eight types of TBI's and they are as follows. Open head injuries such as penetrating trauma, closed head injuries such as falls or hitting your head on something, Deceleration injuries that are caused by your brain smashing into the front of your skull and than bouncing back into the rear again, Chemical/Toxic injuries that are caused by insecticides, solvents or carbon monoxide, Hypoxia when your brain doesn't get enough oxygen, Tumors that disrupt and put pressure on the tissues in your brain, Infections that affect the surrounding membranes or brain itself, and finally strokes which could be considered similar to hypoxia since the clot prevents proper circulation of blood in the brain leading to the death of tissue.

Directions: Click the link below to watch Living with a Traumatic Brain Injury (about 29mins). Complete Video Guide by typing directly into this word document, save and load to the D2L dropbox. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyqGys9Htbo

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is frequently associated with neuropathological changes in cognition, emotion and behavior (page 78). Brain injuries are often connected to serous and violent behavior as well as other antisocial behaviors. Damage that is done to the frontal lobe has a strong relation with brain dysfunction. The frontal lobe control organized thoughts, planning and self-regulation. A traumatic brain injury can drastically change someone personality. An example the textbook provides is that case of Phinease Gage. This made had a 3-foot iron rod go through the side of his face, pace through his frontal lobe and exit out of the top of his head. Gage was able to walk with little assistance and speak just minutes after the accident.

Before moving on to the Modern-era of intelligence and the theories behind where it is going, we should also discuss the physiological/biological theories behind brain development and intelligence. Why? Because the world we are exposed to now has altered it much.

remember going to sleep. As I looked around the room nothing looked familiar”. For me is the most exciting part because it shows the beginning of an interesting part. She didn’t know anything because she had a car accident; she was in coma for five months and she doesn’t remember anything about herself, also she doesn’t remember what her name is. Then Dr. Andrews explain her about her accident. In the accident she has a brain damage so she had a brain injury and that’s help her to remember about her name, the dinner and all of that.

In the article, “First Human Tests of Memory Boosting Brain Implant a Big Leap Forward”, it expresses how important memory is to a human’s life. And that without it, we simply do not have a life at all. Every year, hundreds of millions of people experience the pain of a failing memory. Memory loss seems to be inescapable. But one maverick neuroscientist is working hard on an electronic cure. Funded by DARPA, Dr. Theodore Berger, a biomedical engineer at the University of Southern California, is testing a memory-boosting implant that mimics the kind of signal processing that occurs when neurons are laying down new long-term memories. The reasons are many: traumatic brain injury, which haunts a disturbingly high number of veterans and football