Traumatic Brain Injury Essay

Traumatic brain injury occurs when a person is hit in the head with a blunt force. This significant force to the head can happen playing recreational sports, on the playground, being in a car or motorcycle accident, falling down at home and your head impacting something, a blast or explosion. Traumatic brain injuries are also the leading cause of fatality rate and disability, especially in children, young adults and elderly. TBI is a devastating condition that affects millions of people nationwide, because it can affect the nervous system permanently, it also messes with the neurological, musculoskeletal, cognitive and much more. TBI force a family to deal with not just the physical disability, with the behavioral and emotional roller

The brain is vulnerable, and is susceptible to mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs). A person’s head jerks forward and back; this rapid change in acceleration causes a concussion because of impact. Examples of impact injuries that frequently occur in athletics are collisions, falls, and bumps to the head. Regardless of how a person sustains a concussion, her brain collides with ridges in her skull. Although the purpose of a skull is to protect the brain; the fusion of bones in a person’s skull creates ridges, and these ridges damage the brain upon impact. When a person’s brain is shaken up, the sharp ridges damage the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes (Hirsch & Kaufman, 1975).

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has affected many people, but has hardly raised awareness; in fact according to Marcia Clemmitt “About 1.7 million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year…Yet, while they affect so many people, TBI has received little medical-research funding until brain injuries from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan … began to mount in recent years.”(Clemmitt) For such a long time many people were unaware of what traumatic brain injury even meant; Up until a numerous groups of veterans that came back home, from Afghanistan were found to suffer from traumatic brain injuries. Due to the discovery, the people that already suffered from traumatic brain injury

to the brain from an external force can result in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). When the

In the last few years emerged the awareness of mild Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) injuries among young athletes and young military personnel 18 to 21 years of age. The research shows that multiple incidents of TBIs are going underreported, undetected, and poorly managed. Much of the problems arise due to current athletic culture and violent behavior during games. Mild TBIs have significantly more dangerous and long term consequences than previously thought. Diagnosis, imaging techniques, and treatments for mild TBIs are not strictly defined and are still in development. The knowledge and awareness of mild TBI’s symptoms are not widely spread. Preventive techniques of TBIs are not fully developed.

“Traumatic brain injury can result in longterm or lifelong physical, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional consequences” (US Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1998).

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is alterations of the brain function and brain pathology caused by an external force (LeBorgne, 2013). The two types of TBI are open and closed injuries (LeBorgne, 2013). Open injuries results from a penetration of the skull (LeBorgne, 2013). Closed injuries or no penetrating causes damage at the point of impact (LeBorgne, 2013). Closed head injuries include, but are not limited to concussion, contusion, and second impact syndrome (LeBorgne, 2013). A closed head injury involves edema, and an increase in intracranial pressure that causes further injury (LeBorgne, 2013). Between 2002 and 2006 falls were the leading cause of TBI among all age groups in the United States, followed by motor vehicular accidents, strike against an object and assaults (Powell, 2014). Falls related to the greatest amount of emergency department visits and hospitalization, compared to motor vehicular accidents that were the leading cause of death (Powell, 2014).

A tramatic brain injury or TBI is a injury that occurs when a unexpected impact causes the brain to hit the inside of the skull in a accelerated motion. There are different types of tramatic brain injuries mild, moderate and severe. Mild tramatic brain injury or mTBI is the most common brain injury. It is said that about 1.7 billion TBI’s occur in the united states each year. And of that number roughly 80% of those are mild TBI’s. (hyatt) TBI may be associated with a diminished or altered state of consciousness at the time of injury and often leads to cognitive, neurologic, or psychological impairment. It is classified by level of severity as mild, moderate, or severe. Glasgow Coma Scale score in the first 24 hours after injury, and whether

“Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a nondegenerative, noncongenital insult to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions, with an associated

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), or intracranial injury, is a medical diagnosis which refers to closed or penetrative damage to the brain that is caused by an external source. Every year, TBIs affect approximately 150-250 people in a population of 100,000 (León-Carrión, Domínguez-Morales, Martín, & Murillo-Cabezas, 2005). The leading causes of TBI are traffic accidents, work injuries, sports injuries, and extreme violence (León-Carrión et al., 2005). TBI is most often fatal when the cause is an injury due to the use of firearms, a traffic accident, or a long fall (León-Carrión et al., 2005). However, fatality rates and rates of occurrence differ in various countries due to

One area that is researched a lot is brain injury, a ‘major cause of death and disability in children and working adults.’ (Fleminger and Ponsford, 2005:4). The most common brain injury is traumatic brain injury, which is also known as TBI. It can be caused by an external physical force, leading to a weakened state of mind as well as damaging cognitive, behavioural or emotional abilities. Approximately, around 9 million traumatic brain injuries happen annually and 5.3 million people live with a TBI-related disability. However, the

Gregory is a 23-year-old Caucasian male whose primary disease processes is mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI’s are individualized to the patient. It is determined by severity, location of injury, and mechanism of injury. According to Pathophysiology

Traumatic brain injury, or TBI, occurs when there is a sudden, direct injury to the head. This type of wound can result from a bump, blow, or jolt to the cranium. It may even result from the penetration of a foreign object into the brain tissue. Most TBI’s result from car accidents, sports injuries, blunt trauma, unintentional injuries and falls, with falls accounting for about 40% of all TBI injuries. Much like stroke patients, individuals suffering from traumatic brain injuries may have to live with a variety of detriments based on the location and extent of their injury. For example, patients can experience impaired sensation, vision, hearing, memory, processing skills or even emotional and behavioral functioning ("Injury Prevention & Control: Traumatic Brain Injury,” 2015) The purpose of this paper is to provide information regarding the pathophysiology, treatment and medical management of traumatic brain injuries. A case study will be supplied to facilitate discussion of the topic.

Traumatic brain injury, or TBI, is the result of an external force that disrupts the integrity or function of the brain. TBI occurs when the head abruptly strikes an object, or when a penetrating object enters the skull and damages the brain matter (NINDS, 2014). TBI are typically suspected when a significant mechanism of injury is present and later confirmed by the use of computed tomography (American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 2013). Trauma is the fourth leading cause of death overall in the US and is the leading cause between the ages of one and 44, surpassing all non-communicable and infectious disease combined. (CDC, 2014). In the United States, TBI contributes

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health problem and also a major leading cause of disability and mortality in all regions of the globe despite advancement in prevention and treatments.