Treatment Options For Opioid Addiction

Opioid addiction is so prevalent in the healthcare system because of the countless number of hospital patients being treated for chronic pain. While opioid analgesics have beneficial painkilling properties, they also yield detrimental dependence and addiction. There is a legitimate need for the health care system to provide powerful medications because prolonged pain limits activities of daily living, work productivity, quality of life, etc. (Taylor, 2015). Patients need to receive appropriate pain treatment, however, opioids need to be prescribed after careful consideration of the benefits and risks.

The United States currently faces an unprecedented epidemic of opioid addiction. This includes painkillers, heroin, and other drugs made from the same base chemical. In the couple of years, approximately one out of twenty Americans reported misuse or abuse of prescriptions painkillers. Heroin abuse and overdoses are on the rise and are the leading cause of injury deaths, surpassing car accidents and gun shots. The current problem differs from the opioid addiction outbreaks of the past in that it is also predominant in the middle and affluent classes. Ultimately, anyone can be fighting a battle with addiction and it is important for family members and loved ones to know the signs. The cause for this epidemic is that the current spike of opioid abuse can be traced to two decades of increased prescription rates for painkillers by well-meaning physicians.

behavioral therapies, to provide a whole-patient approach to the treatment of opioid use disorders" (p. 2). There are two types of medications commonly used in opioid use disorder MAT; Naltrexone and Buprenorphine. "Naltrexone is

America has a major problem with opioid addicts, and many facilities are helping the addicts by providing safer options to taking the drugs their bodies crave. Methadone clinics are places where people addicted to opioids can receive medicine-based therapy. Opioid use, drugs such as heroin, morphine, and prescribed painkillers, has increased in the US with all age groups and incomes. People become addicted to these drugs when they are prescribed, recreationally used with other addicts, or they are born addicted. Many health institutions are addressing this issue with an estimated 2.1 million people in the United States suffering from substance use disorders related to prescription opioid pain relievers in 2012 and an estimated 467,000 addicted

The over use of opioid has been one of the major public health problem in the United States (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2018). Opioids include prescription medications that are used to treat pain symptoms which includes codeine, morphine, methadone, hydrocodone, and etc., as well as illegal drugs such as heroin and illicit potent on opioids such as fentanyl analogs (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2018). The opioid overdose could happen due to many factors such as when a patient deliberately misuses a prescription, or misuse heroin (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2018). Opioid overdose could happen due to the prescriber miscalculated the opioid dose or when

There are three predominate forms of Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) that have proven effective in combating opioid use disorder. Methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone have all shown to be effective in the treatment of substance use. When prescribed and monitored properly, MAT has been shown to reduce illicit drug use and reduce the rate of accidental overdose. However, while as many as 2.5 million people are suffering from substance use disorder, less than 40% have access to MAT

According to NIH, millions of people suffer from opioid use disorder throughout the United States. This epidemic has continued to spread and the numbers of people who are becoming addicted is on the rise so much that the total burden of cost is at 78.5 billion dollars per year for prescription opioid misuse, this includes the cost of addiction treatment, criminal justice services, and health care (NIH, 2017. https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids/opioid-crisis) Unfortunately there does not seem to be an end to this epidemic anytime soon. The numbers are unremarkable; natural and semi-synthetic opioids peeked at 14,427, heroin at 15,446 and synthetic opioids other than methadone at 20,145. That is a total of 50,018 deaths for some type

Opioid addiction is a condition that is preventable as well as one which individuals display several noticeable risk factors before the actual addiction prognosis to the point of causing death. There is a strong correlation between the early misuse of prescription opioids, which are prescribed for non-cancer pain management, and the development of a dependence on such opioids. Early detection of risk factors such as the misuse of opioids that are prescribed will help indicate that a patient is developing an addiction.1 Physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and other healthcare providers must closely monitor patients and the rate at which opioids are consumed as well as refilled.

Objective: This study compared the effectiveness of methadone, Subutex, and Suboxone in reducing illicit drug use during treatment for opioid dependency and retaining patients for the duration of treatment.

First, for providers to use opioids as the first option in prescribing pain killers needs to be addressed. Knowing that opioids are very addictive should sway providers to look for other options for their patients before looking towards opioid type drugs. Second, once a patient is prescribed opioids for pain management, there needs to be limitations placed on how many pills the patient can have at one time. There also needs to be a limitation placed on the amount of time a patient can use any form of opioids. Third, once a patient’s prescription runs out, they often times start looking to find that same high by buying these drugs illegally off the streets. Therefore, after a patient stops using an opioid medication, they need to have some type of specialty care available to them (mandatory if used for a prolonged period of time) to address any potential withdrawal symptoms; care that can provide counseling and or medications that enable the patient to be weaned off of the drug. Fourth, the need to identify why patients are not seeking recovery is crucial. Not many opioid addicts seek treatment; the first step in recovery is to seek help. Fifth, determining how to get opioid addicts into a recovery program will help exponentially to get people away from opioid use and on the road to recovery. Sixth, opioid addicts do not have high success rates for continued recovery after leaving a treatment program. Identifying the needs of the addicts after treatment is one of the most important elements to staying clean and

Opioid use disorders are directly linked to major consequences for individuals as well as society. Opioids include drugs such as Vicodin, oxycodone, morphine, and heroin among others (CITE). Currently, estimates show there are about 20 million people abusing or addicted to opioids countrywide (Bell, 2014). Opioid use can cause decrease quality of life as it is a common cause of familial conflict, homelessness, incarceration, life threatening illness, and death by overdose.

A literature search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE (1946 to May Week 4 2015) and Embase (1996 to 2015 Week 22). Keywords used in the search were suboxone or buprenorphine, methadone, opioid, dependence, efficacy, and outcome. From there, 187 results were limited to English language and Humans studies, yielding 178 articles. Of those, 10 results

With the increase of medical availability of buprenorphine there have been concerns about the abuse potential. There have been international cases of misuse and abuse-related morbidity and mortality. In Finland, intravenous abuse of these drugs has been

The place of the Buprenorphine in the overall therapy has had a lot of mixed reactions, through searching various publications and databases, including NPS Medicinewise (AMH 2005, ‘Buprenorphine transdermal patches (Norspan) for chronic severe pain’, place in therapy, para 1); The place of transdermal buprenorphine in pain management is said to be not as effective as other strong opioids as they are only effective with moderate chronic pain, due to its slow start and lengthy duration of action it is not recommend for patients dealing with acute

This article is about the administering of opioid drugs into the vein for recreational use. The article discusses three powerful drugs, which were design for oral use to reduce pain. However, these three drugs oxycodone, hydrocodone and morphine were being abuse without physical dependency. The authors felt that the use of opioids were more prevalent in the United States than the use of cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine (Stoops, Hatton, Lofwall, Nuzzo and Walsh 2010). The author points out to a study done by the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, which concluded that 4.7 million individuals over the age of 12 were using nonmedical prescription opioids, whereas 1.9 million, 200,000 and 314,000 individuals were using cocaine, heroin and