Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

In this paper, I will be summarizing the following chapters: Chapter 3: "A Legacy of Hate: The Conquest of Mexico’s Northwest”; Chapter 4: “Remember the Alamo: The Colonization of Texas”; and Chapter 5: “Freedom in a Cage: The Colonization of New Mexico. All three chapters are from the book, “Occupied America, A History of Chicanos” by Rodolfo F. Acuna. In chapter three, Acuna explains the causes of the war between Mexico and North America. In chapter four, Acuna explains the colonization of Texas and how Mexicans migrated from Mexico to Texas. In chapter five, Acuna explains the colonization of New Mexico and the economic changes that the people had to go through.

During the “Cry of Dolores” Hidalgo challenged the undermined population to rise up with all of the power that they have to fight against the dominating

America’s history is overrun with oppression and injustice based on race, ethnicity, and other traits that innocent victims have no control over. As a result, the reputation of the United States is forever tainted by it’s dark past, and still practices these surviving habits of hatred. Civil liberty issues faced since the establishment of the country have yet to be resolved because of the ever-present mistreatment, corruption in positions of authority, and the dehumanization of minorities.

The Abolitionist Movement began in 1833, when the American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia was formed by William Lloyd Garrison, Arthur and Lewis Tappan (and others). The goal of the

Thousands of Americans, who changed citizenship and received large tracts of land from the Mexican government, rebelled in Texas in 1835 for several reasons, including Mexico’s abolition of the locally popular Texas provincial government and its inability to

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which came into effect on 2 February 1848, ended the Mexican-American war and formally resolved territorial disputes resulting from that conflict. The treaty required the U.S. government to pay the Mexican government $15 million dollars, this in return for an expanse of territory that later became the states of Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Utah, Nevada, and Colorado. I intend to argue that the treaty benefitted the people who inhabited, and later came to inhabit, that territory. I also propose that, as a result of the transfer of territory from a dictatorial regime to one that was based on democratic principles, both Mexico and the United States ultimately benefitted in several ways.

In the year 1844, The President of Mexico, Santa Anna, was forced to sign a treaty (Doc C). He was told to sign a treaty to make Texas a free country, or he would die.The Mexican government did not approve of this treaty, or know of this treaty until after the signing (Doc C). When they heard of the treaty signed by Santa Anna, The Mexican government believed this was not a proper treaty. So they kept their originally established border, The Nueces River [Hook exercise]. Yet, the Americans crossed the Border. Not only did the Americans cross the border, the sent 70 soldiers, fully armed,

Around the time Mexico and America signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, adding a million square miles of territory to the United States, John A. Sutter procured craftsman John Marshall to assemble a sawmill on the American River. On January 24, 1848, Marshall discovered some small, gleaming rocks. Marshall took them to Sutter, believing that the stones in question were gold. The stones passed test after test. They were real gold. The men attempted to keep it to themselves but the news spread quickly. Sam Brannan, a merchant working at Sutter’s Fort, wanted more people to travel to the mountains in search of gold. Instead of going after the gold, he made a small fortune by providing the eager fortune seekers with mining tools. In December

In 1846 to 1848, the United States and Mexico fought against each other in the Mexican-American War. Some of the major causes for the war was Mexico’s resentment over the loss of Texas, Americans belief of manifest destiny and conflict over slavery. The reason Americans desired westward expansion was because of manifest destiny. Manifest destiny was the belief that westward expansion which was supposedly part of God’s plan to extend the U.S. territory to the pacific (The Mexican War). The U.S. also annexed Texas without the agreement of Mexico. By the annexation of Texas it brought about the issue of slavery. Since the new conquered land they gained from the Mexican-American war, they had to decide whether they would be free or slave state. Both the north and south were trying to make sure neither side gained more political power than the other (The Mexican War). The war was fought in Mexico, which should have given the Mexican army an advantage, yet the Americans were the ones who won the war. The reasons why U.S. won the war against Mexico was because the U.S. army was better prepared. The U.S. generals were better educated in strategies and tactics. Also, during the war Mexico also had to fight against the Indians. The war was caused by the resentment over the loss of Texas, manifest destiny and conflict over slavery, though America won the war because they were well-prepared, had well-educated generals, and Mexico was also preoccupied with fighting indians.

The Lecture was on Expansion of Slavery, legacies of Mexican war and compromise of 1850. This lecture, Dr. David Blight explained in the beginning the antislavery impulse went through various stages. 1830's and 1840's antislavery was greatly expanded through organization. The era was hugely devoted into changing the heart of American people as well as changing the heart of the slave holders himself. The second stage he explained to be a political stage. Largely beginning in 1837 with the birth of the liberal party. The liberal party attempted a antislavery party. Nevertheless, by the 1840 the liberal party merge because its lack of success. This lack moved in the mist of this Mexican war. In 1848 the free soil party began directly in response

In United States history textbooks, the chief significance of the Mexican American war was territorial and political. For $15 million, the nation added 500,000 square miles of western lands from Kansas to the Pacific, encompassing what is now California, Arizona, New Mexico, and parts of Utah and Colorado. The war also re-ignited disputes over slavery in the western territory.

Griswold Del Castillo, Richard. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: A Legacy of Conflict. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.

The Chamizal Settlement is an argument between the United States and Mexico over the border that is created by the movement of the river for natural causes. The effects of the movement of the river is that the United States and Mexico would lose and gain territory so both nations agree on building a human made river path, A lot of people that lived in the Cordova islands were upset that they had to be relocated because they were going to build a human made path for the river. The treaty was urgent for the United States because the missile crisis with Cuba. Mexico had no problem with Cuba and the United States was afraid that they would joint with the Cuban, so on June 5, 1963 was when president John F Kennedy came to El Paso Texas.

“When you deprive people of their right to live in dignity, to hope for a better future, to have control over their lives, when you deprive them of that choice, then you expect them to fight for these rights." - Queen Rania Al Abdullah of Jordan. […] Oppressed by nations who placed themselves in positions of godliness and superiority; by rescuing the 'heathens'. Methodically pillaging our lands, stealing us from our homes, even stripping the very names we cherished. They tried to silence us, bury us, but they didn't know we were seeds (Mexican proverb). From the ashes we arose, breaking the shackles of enslavement. By 1865, slavery was abolished, no longer were our freedoms threatened. This was the illusion that they wanted us to believe, instead they morphed into a new demon; out to strip us of our liberties' and

“America did not invent human rights. In a very real sense human rights invented America”-Jimmy Carter. America is not a unique culture, but variety of ideas put it together. As the matter of fact, the United States of America has adopted a lot of knowledge, ideas, habits, and fashions throughout its development. Back in days, rights were given to white Americans, but refute to other ethnic groups that live in the country. Previously, white people were well educated. Due to this reason, they were considered the upper class and get treated differently. Definitely, this was a huge problem in history that caused many conflicts within the nation. Today, the government is upsetting to figure out ways to deal with this obstacle. In the meantime, most states have been working on this particular problem to solve prejudice against other ethnic groups. The United States has improved race relation by understand more of human rights and tolerate ways to treat people the way human beings deserved to be treated; however, there are many tools that give out false information that raise the problem to an intense point.