Trebuchet Essay

To fire it, the spoke or arm was forced down, against the tension of twisted ropes or other springs, by a windlass, and then suddenly released. As the sling swung outwards, one end would release, as with a staff-sling, and the projectile would be hurled forward. The arm would then be caught by a padded beam or bed, when it could be winched back again. The Onager is usually the first type of catapult

In 1775, thirteen colonies began a fight for their independence from Britain’s rule. Without formal training in artillery tactics or a proper armament of artillery pieces, early units had to overcome adversity and hardship. But with courage and dedication the artillery and its leadership were able to play a vital role in the success on the battlefields, and ultimately the victory resulting in America earning its freedom.

The way a Trebuchet works is that a counter weight drops which pulls the arm forward and at the point of takeoff a pin releases the object that is being projected. The counterweight drops using gravity and is attached to the arm causing it to fly up and launch the object. Engineers have had previous experience in this field because of the world wide trebuchet launching competitions. One example of engineers making this trebuchet are the engineers from team NASAW in the Pumpkin Chunkin ' competition. Team NASAW has a trebuchet with a heavy weight and a long arm. There arm and weight start next to each other at the beginning. The weight drops forward and like a whip the arm swings around and fires the pumpkin into the air at insane speeds. They are one of the top competitors in the competition and have proven countless times that the design works wonderfully.

My paper is about researching about paper airplane weight. My research question is, How does the weight of a paper airplane affect how far it flies? For this project I need 3 different sheets of paper,(Construction paper,Computer paper,Line paper, a notepad, a meter stick and a pencil. I chose this topic because paper airplanes always interested me in how they move and fly. I am also interested in the aerodynamics of the plane and how it can fly and move around with the air under its wings.

These logs would have been held together by nails and rope or leather strips. It took anywhere from 100 up to about 200 feet of wood logs: most where about 26 feet tall and the arm was about 49 feet for the arm alone. Other wood was used for support and to create the pivot point. The origins of trebuchets.

Have you ever wondered how they would break down castle walls in the middle ages or about middle age warfare in all. I am going to build a trebuchet to learn more about Newtons Laws of Motion and how these simple yet complex machines ruled the battlefields in the middle ages. I became interested in this topic because I am fascinated by middle aged weaponry and machines. This will be beneficial to my knowledge to help me understand Newtons Laws of Motion and about these giant machines. I believe that learning more about Newtons Laws of Motion may help to explain why different designs affect the trebuchets range and power.

The first addition to the trebuchet was a major advancement in technology. It was called the Counterweight Trebuchet. This counterweight was affixed to the end of the shorter arm and, without the need for ropes and people to pull the machine, space was available for lengthening the sling, which allowed the projectile

We needed to fully utilise our knowledge by applying all the basic concepts in physics such as dynamic equilibrium and knowing the stiffness of the materials to build strong miniature bridge using given items to withstand the weight applied.

The trebuchet doesn’t date back to a specific person, or date. However it is seen as early as the 6th century. In the 6th century, China used a trebuchet-like idea of humans pulling ropes on one end to catapult an object on the other end. The known trebuchet design was created somewhere during the 12th period, and once created it was seen everywhere. The trebuchet was built during this medieval time period because it was extremely difficult to get over castle walls, or to break through. The purpose of the trebuchet initially was to do this. There are four basic parts to the trebuchet: the frame, the guide chute, the beam sling, and the counterweight. The trebuchet was created in a crucial time period because of its purpose. It succeeded greatly

The physics concepts associated with them are projectile motion, energy, momentum, forces , speeds, and distances. The kinds of catapults all use the same theme of accumulated tension, but acquire that tension in their own way, their own design. The Mangonel catapult for instance, is what most of us think of as the traditional catapult. A large wooden device with four wheels and a spoon that launches fireballs. The Mangonel stores energy much like a spring would, therefore, we use the equation PEspring = 1/2kx^2. The tension in the ropes and arms of the catapult when pulling on its long arm stores potential energy which is transformed into kinetic energy when fired upon.

There were also larger weapons used to do damage to buildings and walls called siege weapons. "Among these weapons were trebuchets which were throwing machines and springalds which would launch large projectiles at fortified walls (Prestwich p. 287)". Now that we know what weapons were being used, it is time to look at the tactics that were involved.

Although these problems were corrected and the idea of building a skyscraper became a feasible task, there were many conditions that had to be taken into account, that did not need consideration when building a structure less than 40 stories tall. Four story buildings are supported by their own walls; however a new method needed to be created for skyscrapers since the previous building method would not provide enough support. Metal skeletal frames made of columns and beams were then developed to provide the support and strength needed for the skyscrapers. As the buildings grew taller, their structural design was made lighter and stiffer. Also, as the buildings grew taller, wind became an important issue. Normally, the force that acts on the skyscraper pushes directly downward towards the ground that would then counter balance that push. However, when an additional force acts on it, such as wind, the forces would act differently on the skyscraper. With a lateral force acting on the building, the steel columns of the frame on the windy side would stretch apart slightly while the columns on the other side would compress. Therefore, the skeletal frame built had to be made so that the structure would be free to move slightly with the wind and, at the same time, remain sturdy.

In this experiment, we experimented finding the fundamental quantities of length, mass, and time using many laboratory tools. We used a Vernier caliper, stopwatch, rulerm meter stick, wooden block, metal block, Dial-o-gram, different masses, and circular objects. We took into consideration the uncertainties of many different tools and objects into our experiment. The inherent uncertainties of different measurements and ways to propagate those uncertainties were learned during this experiment.

Superstructure bears the load that is being passed over the bridge and it transmits the forces caused by the same to substructure. Load received from the decking is transferred on to the substructure by Bearings. They also distribute the load evenly over the substructure material as it may not have sufficient strength to bear the superstructure load directly. Piers and Abutments are the vertical substructures which transfer the load to the earth in the foundation. Wing walls and returns are constructed as the extension of

The present work is carried out on telescopic crane. A telescopic hydraulic crane has a boom that consists of a number of tubes fitted one inside the other. A hydraulic or other powered mechanism extends or retracts the tubes to increase or decrease the total length of the boom. It uses one or more simple machines to create mechanical advantage and thus moves loads beyond the normal capability of human. These types of booms are often used for short term construction projects rescue jobs, lifting boats in and out of the water, etc. The relative compactness of telescopic booms makes them adaptable for many mobile applications. Boom play objective role in the load lifting operation and the maximum direct effect of the stress is initializing from it and effects to another attached assemblies of crane. Sometimes this crane is truck mounted to travel on highway and eliminating the need of the special transportation for crane.