Trend Towards Specialization : A Comparative History Of Medical Specialization Essay

In 18th century America, medicine was in a transition mode. While some pre-modern practices were still around, the 18th century saw the beginnings of a new modern medical practice. Replacing the passed down wisdom from the ancient world was clinical observation, the first American medical school, and experimental science, along with many physicians beginning to replace midwives. During the 18th century, a transition from pre-modern practices and theories to modern medical practice occurred because of medical education and the growth of hospitals, advances in medical procedures, and different types of medical practitioners.

Although medicine today is comparatively more advanced, that is a more recent change than one would like to think. For instance, not even 150 years ago, “Hippocrates and Galen would have recognized and largely agreed with most medical practices.” Barry addresses this topic of medical advancement at the beginning of his book by producing a well researched, albeit a little too long, history of western medicine. He provides examples of how medicine evolved from the teachings of Hippocrates, Galen, and Vesalius to a more “modern” form of medicine. This was done in order to explain how prepared the medical community was in the face of this impending virus. Unlike the other epidemics, the people of the early 19-century should have been prepared to face the influenza with all of their exciting and new medical equipment and practices, but there was something in their way of advancement—universities.

The logic and principles of medieval medicine shaped those of Modern medicine. Never was there a more efficient method perfected, so much that it remained through history through so many hundreds of years. Today’s concepts of diagnosis, relationships with the church, anatomy, surgery, hospitals and training, and public health were established in the Middle Ages.

The field of Bioethics has developed over the past thirty years as a product of

In this essay I will be looking at the different aspects of medicine in the Middle Ages and accessing how the church helped or hindered their development. As there was a lot of unrest at the start of the middle Ages the church is important because it preserved a lot of things. It also provided a way of life, so it was very influential.

At the time the medical field was very basic. Mostly because there wasn’t the technology back then. In order to become a

The job description for a Physician Generalist is to diagnose, treat, and manage a wide range of conditions, including sprains, infection, and the flu, and determine if the condition warrants a specialist or more intensive care. They promote emotional and physical well-being by educating patients on healthy lifestyles, encouraging good habits and help end bad habits such as smoking and overeating. The required education for Physician Generalist include a completed bachelor's degree program, after this is met you may start applying to medical school. After completing a four year medical school program students will receive their Doctor of Medicine degree. After medical school students will begin a three year residency that provides training specific to the field. Only after completing four years of Medical school and three years of residency can students obtain a state license to practice unsupervised (“General Physician Employment Info & Requirements”

Even though the medical profession seems to be swamped with choices, you will find it difficult to select one good option for your needs when you actually need to choose one. It means that you need to pre-plan and take appropriate action accordingly that will help you in becoming a successful medical professional.

Family and General Physicians deal with everyday problems such as broken bones, infections or just the common cold on a daily basis. They diagnose and treat patients with illnesses and injuries.They have many responsibilities along with that. Their responsibilities include examining patients, collecting medical information about the patient, family history, and maybe other doctors, immunizing patients. They also run tests and labs, prescribe medications, coming up with a plan on how to treat the injury or illness. Which usually includes sending them to different therapies or specialist or prescribing certain treatments to help them get better.

An internist is a doctor of internal medicine with the ability to treat people who experience health issues pertaining to their internal organs or systems. Internists can specialize in extensive scopes of medicine such as cardiology, gastroenterology, and oncology. They can also provide a variety of treatments depending on the specific body system they specialize in. Because of this, I want to become an internist so I can impact the internal health and well being of others.

“War is the only proper school for a surgeon” - Hippocrates. That would be the case in the early 20th century. The early 20th century is commonly associated with war, blood shed and conflict. During this time is when lots of people died. People died due to many things; war or battle, lack of medical care, or even due to an epidemic. Medical care was rough back then, the shortage of doctors and the lack of medical facilities made the death toll higher. Today, we see less people die due to epidemics, lack of medical care and even less due to battle. Thats all possible because medical care during the 20th century is very different from today, given that today we have better facilities, more doctors, and more advanced technology.

Non-degree residency programs with a medical focus may be supported by a university or hospital. About 4% of the students are international ones since General practice residencies are extremely competitive. A larger part of internationally

I’m interested in the medical field; cardiology and/or a General GP practitioner. A cardiologist is a doctor with special training in the act of finding, treating as well as preventing diseases associated with the heart and or blood vessels. A GP is a general practitioner who does not specialise in a particular area in medicine. General Practitioners provide routine health care and assessment of illnesses and injuries.

There have been many advances in the medical field such as; anesthesia, drugs, machines, etc. This has helped the doctors find alternative solutions to problems, and in return has helped them save more lives. In the article “Medicine” by Britannica, “Many new advances in anesthesia, and these in turn depend upon engineers who have devised machines and chemists produced new drugs. Other operations are made possible by new materials, such as the alloys and plastics that are used to make artificial hip and knee joints.” Advances in the medical field have truly helped modern doctors. Without the medicine, machines, technology they have now there’s no way the doctors could have saved the same amount of lives. As Brian Ward, the author of “The Story of Medicine”, states in his book, “Despite opposition, revolutionary scientists and doctors persevered and made some ground breaking discoveries,” (Ward 22). Even though the doctors during the Renaissance had little technology, they still made discoveries that impacted the medical field. The discoveries made by the Renaissance doctors were life saving. However, with the given technology that is commonly found in modern day society doctors are able to impact the medical and scientific fields and by doing so, save more lives than thought possible during the Renaissance. Within the article “Medicine” written by Britannica, it shows the importance of, “Many other developments in modern surgical treatment rest on a firm basis of experimentation, often first in animals but also in humans; among them are Renal dialysis (artificial kidney), arterial bypass operations, embryo implantation, and exchange transfusions.” Although testing on animals is cruel, it shows that modern doctors were not just experimenting on people. The modern doctors had a thought process to reduce the amount of deaths due to

The Muslims made much significant advancement in the medical field. The rulers of the Muslim Empire encouraged this research in the medical field. They wanted people who knew about diseases and medical procedures treating them were they were ill. This made the Muslims much more advanced and knowledgeable in medicine than other parts of the world. In fact, Muslim cities boasted some of the best hospitals in the world. One reason they were so efficient is that doctors and pharmacists were required to complete a specific course of study and pass a formal examination before being able o practice medicine. However, this knowledge was not exclusive to the Muslim Empire, but rather it was translated into Latin and was used in European schools. The spread of this knowledge made Europe significantly more knowledgeable regarding diseases and medical procedures than they were prior to them receiving this information. In addition to advancements in the medical field, other scientific advancements were made. The created the practice of the experiment as well as a method of classification into three distinct categories: animal, vegetable, or mineral.