Tuberculosis In Canada

While tuberculosis was never completely eliminated, there was a significant drop in cases and death rates, as a result of the BCG vaccine and new anti-tubercular drugs in the 1950’s.

Tuberculosis is a deadly disease that is now affecting our world and the people living in it in a horrible way. Due to many factors such as poverty, HIV/AIDS, and lack of health care, many third world and developing countries have been left very vulnerable to tuberculosis. It is affecting a large part of these countries and is leading them deeper into poverty and sickness. The effort to help these countries against tuberculosis has only been slightly effective against this widespread and destructive disease.

Tuberculosis is a disease of an infectious nature caused by a bacterium known as mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease spreads through the air. People with the disease can spread it to susceptible people through coughing, sneezing, talking or spitting. It mainly affects the lungs and other parts such as the lymph nodes and kidneys can also be affected. The symptoms for TB are fatigue, coughing, night sweats, weight loss and fever. One third of the population of the world is affected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. The rate of infection is estimated to be one person per second. About 14 million people in the world are infected with active tuberculosis. Drug resistant TB has been recorded to be a serious public health hazard in many countries. Resistant strains have developed making it difficult to treat the disease. TB has caused millions of death mainly in people living with HIV/AIDS ADDIN EN.CITE Ginsberg19981447(Ginsberg, 1998)1447144717Ginsberg, Ann M.The Tuberculosis Epidemic: Scientific Challenges and OpportunitiesPublic Health Reports (1974-)Public Health Reports (1974-)128-13611321998Association of Schools of Public Health00333549http://www.jstor.org/stable/4598234( HYPERLINK l "_ENREF_3" o "Ginsberg, 1998 #1447" Ginsberg, 1998). The World Health Organization came up with the DOTS (Directly Observed, Therapy, Short course) strategy. The approach involves diagnosing cases and treating patients with drugs for about 6-8

Tuberculosis (TB), which is brought on by contamination with an individual from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is a noteworthy reason for incapacity and passing in numerous parts of the world. The frequency (recently reported cases) of tuberculosis in Louisiana is near the normal occurrence in the United States. . In 2013, Louisiana: Ranked eleventh among the 50 states in TB rates (3 for each 100,000 people) and 22.3% of TB cases were foreign-born people (CDC, 2015). As in the U.S., frequency has diminished

The progress of tuberculosis infected more people over the years. The rate of Inuits being infected with tuberculosis still continues to be high and has gotten higher, the amount of Inuits infected by latent tuberculosis has increased, but the rate of latent turning to active tuberculosis has decreased because some Iqaluit's died from it.(1). Iqaluit has the most case and highest rate of tuberculosis in Canada(2). The reason why these cases are still high is because the health system is not so great in Iqaluit and functions very poorly. Because the nurses or doctors in Iqaluit who don’t diagnose patients quickly or a mislead on diagnosis. Also tuberculosis is high in Iqaluit is because the housing is often overcrowded which would enable the infections to spread by air. Lack of food is also a problem followed up with security and access to health care are part of the factors why tuberculosis is high in Iqaluit.(4)

Among many misconceptions, tuberculosis is not a disease of the past. Tuberculosis remains a public health issue. It is estimated that one-third of the total world population is infected by tuberculosis (TB). The American lung association (2013) states, in 2011 alone there were nearly 9,000,000 new diagnosed cases of tuberculosis around the world and an estimated 1.4 million deaths because of this disease. In the United States, TB is not as common (but still a problem). In 2011, only 10,500 people reported having TB (Trends in Tuberculosis Morbidity and

Nearly one third of the world's population is infected with TB. It is a leading infectious cause of death worldwide, causing more than 2 million deaths each year (CDC, 2011f). (Smith 195)

In 2013 Tuberculosis had a total of 9,588 new tuberculosis (TB) cases reported in the United States, with an incidence rate of 3.0 cases per 100,000 population, a decrease of 4.2% from 2012 (Negar Niki Alami,

Infectious diseases are one of the most challenging adversities that the human race faces. Diseases that once wiped out large populations are now well understood, preventative measures can be taken, and effective treatment methods provided. However, as science has evolved so have the infectious diseases that are seen. An example of an infectious disease that has been studied and continues to be seen today is Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis has been a health hazard for many centuries and was once an epidemic. Medical advances and studies have been able to enlighten not only the etiology, but also the mode of transmission, ways to diagnose, and ways to treat and/or manage infection.

The causative agent is the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The symptoms of tuberculosis are chest pain, breathing difficulties; cough up mucus and blood, excessive sweating, fever, fatigue, weight loss and wheezing. There are certain laboratory identification tests that can help the healthcare provider determine the diagnoses of tuberculosis. The healthcare provider will first perform a physical examination, Tuberculin skin test or Chest cx-ray, Bronchoscopy and Thoracentesis. Once Tuberculosis has been confirmed the preferred treatment is a combination several different antibiotics, treatment can take up to six months. The priority nursing interventions are to educate the patient that the illness is required to be reported to the local health department. Place the patient in insulation until no longer contagious. Another important nursing intervention is to administer the medications and prescribe by the health care provider and educate the patient on the therapy requirements. According to Mayo Clinic, in order to prevent the spread of this disease there are protect for friends and family, Finish your entire course of medication and Vaccinations (Mayo

Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by the pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and most often found in the lungs. It is transmitted via droplets from the throat and lungs of those with active respiratory disease. People with weakened immune systems can make the bacteria active which causes death of tissue in the organs infected. Symptoms usually consists of overall sensation of feeling unwell, cough, possibly with bloody mucus, fatigue, shortness of breath, weight loss, low-grade fever, night sweats, and chest pain when breathing. To stop further transmission of tuberculosis, finding patients and giving appropriate treatment as well as rapid detection of pathogen and drug resistance is effective. Typing of M. tuberculosis

For thousands of years’ tuberculosis, has been a continuous epidemic. The disease itself continually finds way to become resistant to the drugs found to fight against it. Mainly affecting developing countries, and those with less access to health care the infection continues to be a clear and present danger. Educating the people on tuberculosis and the way to prevent it, along with the risks factors associated with the disease may help save many lives. The vaccine needs to be more readily available to make sure the people are protected. This paper explains the basics of tuberculosis along with its risk factors, prevalence, assessment, and prevention techniques centered around the global aspect of this disease. Within the paper there are two journal articles along with other internet sources that will more thoroughly explain what tuberculosis is, how to prevent it, and how to treat it. The first article Tuberculosis: a clear and present danger by Lowth (2016) essentially summarizes everything there is to know about tuberculosis including the risks and symptoms of the infection. While the other article Tuberculosis: Which drug regimen and when by Hall, J., &Elliot, C (2015) focuses on the treatment of the two different types of Tuberculosis along with the interventions and complication involved.

In 2011, there were about 8.7 million new cases, including 1.1 million cases among people living with HIV (WHO, 2013). Tuberculosis is second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent and over 95% of TB deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (WHO, 2013). Resistant strains to known drug regimens have developed and the disease continues to be a global health challenge, mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Many researches have been conducted over time on the disease tuberculosis and the causative organism M. tuberculosis, all in a bid to understand the disease, its

What is Tuberculosis? Tuberculosis, TB for short, is an ancient disease that has been around even before the first recorded disease in the history. This disease can be found in Egyptian mummies from 4000 BC. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or tubercle bacillus ("Centers for disease," 2011). Tuberculosis is primarily a disease of the lungs, but the TB bacterium can also travel through blood stream and attack any part of the body like kidney, spine and brain (Hamann, 1994). According to CDC, tuberculosis is considered one of the world’s deadliest diseases; 1/3 of the world’s population suffers from TB infection, in 2010, there were nearly nine million people that became sick with TB around the world, and TB is the

Tuberculosis is among the fatal diseases that are spread through the air. It’s contagious, meaning that it spreads from one infected individual to another, and at times it spreads very fast. In addition to being contagious, the disease is an opportunist infection as it takes advantage of those with weak defense mechanism, and especially the ones with terminal diseases like HIV and AIDS. Tuberculosis is therefore among the major concerns for the World Health Organization due to its contagious nature (World Health Organization 1).