Tuberculosis Management

Tuberculosis is caused by the bacteria “Mycobacterium Tuberculosis” and is mainly causes infection of the lungs (WHO, 2016). Its mode of transmission is airborne, so it can be passed on by inhalation of airborne droplets which carrying the bacteria, when an infected patient coughs, sneezes, or spits the TB germs into the air (WHO, 1026). Among the symptoms of active TB are: cough with sputum and blood, chest pains, weakness, fever and night sweats (WHO, 2016). Most at risk to get the TB infection are people with weakened immune system such as people who are suffering from chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, severe kidney disease, silicosis and especially HIV infection (CDC, 2016). Children and Tobacco users are also at greater risk to fall ill with TB.

Tuberculosis (TB) is brought on by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The microorganisms more often than not assault the lungs, however TB microbes can assault any part of the body, for example, the kidney, spine, and mind. Not everybody infected with TB microbes gets to be sick. Therefore, two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB infection. If not treated legitimately, TB can be deadly (CDC, 2016). TB microbes are spread through the air starting with one individual then onto the next. The TB microorganisms are put into the air when someone with TB illness of the lungs or throat coughs, talks, or sings. Individuals adjacent may take in these microscopic organisms and also become ill (CDC, 2016). Individuals with TB are well on the way to spreading it to individuals they invest time with consistently. This incorporates relatives, companions, and coworkers or classmates.

Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), also known as TB, is a disease spread by respiratory inhalation of droplets that contain the bacteria. Tuberculosis is an ancient disease that has been traced back at least 9000 years. In 1882, Dr. Robert Koch was the first physician to describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the germ responsible for tuberculosis. However, treatment that was evidenced based was not put into practice until the 20th century. It is estimated that 2 billion people around the world are infected with the TB bacteria. Approximately 5 to 10 percent of these infected people will actual develop active TB and experience the life-threatening symptoms of the disease. Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is most often caused by the mycobacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). While tuberculosis can be caused by other bacterium, M. tuberculosis is the most common.

Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that affects the lungs and can often be serious when not treated quickly and properly. Tuberculosis is a miserable illness to have and is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis being spread through the air. Symptoms include severe coughing that can last for longer than three weeks, coughing up blood, chest pain, pain when breathing or coughing, weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats, chills, and lack of appetite. This illness can also affect other organs or body parts, which lead to additional symptoms. When it occurs outside the lungs the symptoms correspond to the place it occurs. Examples include back pain when it occurs in your spine and blood in urine when it occurs in the

Tuberculosis has been with us since ancient times (Lawn & Zumla, 2011). The earliest recorded date of its presence in humans have been found in Egyptian mummies dating from 3000-2400BC (Zink, et al., 2003). Also known as consumption or white plague, it ravaged the lives in North America and Europe in the 18th and 19th century (McCarthy, 2009) . Finally the microbe that caused the disease, tuberculosis was discovered by Dr. Robert Koch, a German microbiologist, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine for his findings (Nobel Prize).

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial infection that affects millions of people globally. It is a contagious disease that is spread through the air, and it usually affects the lungs. It is transmitted from person to person through droplets from the respiratory tract of those who are already infected with the disease. Some who are infected with the bacteria that causes TB often exhibit no symptoms, because their immune systems stop the bacteria from growing and multiplying. Those with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to developing the full blown disease which can cause symptoms that include coughing, spitting blood, chest pains, weakness, weight loss, and fever. Tuberculosis can be treated with a six to nine month course of a combination of antibiotics. If left untreated, TB will spread and can be fatal.

The most common symptoms are a lung infection, beside the lungs TB can cause other organs in the body to be infected. TB first essential exposer of the bacteria is often called primary TB. The body’s defence immune system is capable of stopping the bacteria from spreading therefore fights the infection. The way it does this is forming a scar tissue around the bacteria separating it from the rest of the body. The truth is anyone can have TB right now. Many individuals can have no symptoms. On the other hand, if someone’s immune system is weak or is unable to conceal the TB bacteria scar tissue and if erupt this can cause the active disease which is refer secondary TB. Beside the lungs the most frequent body part that are infected are kidneys, bones, the lining of the brain and spinal

"Approximately one-third of the world's population is infected," tuberculosis The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6 ed. Tuberculosis is the name of the disease and it's one of the baddest, contagious, wasting disease you can catch. The disease is caused by mycobacteria, the most common form of the disease is TB of the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body like the skin, bones, and nervous system. There are three major types of tubercle bacilli that can affect humans; the Human type, the Bovine type and that Avian type. In 1882 Robert Koch was the first to identify Mycobacteria Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis can infect anywhere in the body, but it infects the lungs most commonly, which is known as the pulmonary tuberculosis [4]. Tuberculosis can be latent when infected, and developed into active TB disease. People with latent TB (about 33.3% of the world population) will not have any symptoms and will not transmit the disease to other people. However, they are at a 10% risk that it will develop into active TB over their lifetime. The symptoms include cough, fever, fatigue, chills, night sweat, weight loss, etc. TB is transmitted through air by coughing, spitting, speaking, and sneezing, etc. [3][4]. A person can be infected by inhaling just a few of the bacterium [3].

There are many complications that individuals can experience once infected by TB. Complications of Pulmonary Tuberculosis are as followed: hemoptysis (the coughing up of blood), pleurisy, pleural effusion, empyema, pneumothorax, endobronchitis, bronchiectasis, laryngitis, cor pulmonale, ca bronchus, and enteritis. As dangerous and severe TB can be, there are plenty of ways to treat and combat the curable illness. TB is treated with the use of drugs susceptible for six months course of four antimicrobial drugs. The supervision and support to the patient by a healthcare provider or a trained volunteer are critical for the road to recovery for the sick individual. Without such support, treatment adherence can be different, and the disease can spread.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that originates from the specific bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB typically affects the lungs the most by manifesting into pulmonary TB, but there is always a potential for any body parts to get affected by said bacteria. Transmission of TB occurs when individuals with active pulmonary TB cough, spit, or sneeze, which has the potential to release aerosol droplets of TB infected saliva. This makes TB a highly infectious disease with a plausible likelihood that it could spread rampantly if the conditions were proper for bacterial transmission. In addition to manifesting in infectious manners, TB is quite closely linked to overcrowding and malnutrition which infers that it occurs at higher

Tuberculosis disease is what causes the infected to become sick with the signs and symptoms of TB. A risk for most people who become infected with tuberculosis is being infected with the drug-resistant type. The some tuberculosis bacteria has become immune to the antibiotics used to treat people with the disease. There is an increase of fatality due to this disease if a person has contracted the drug resistant bacteria.

Tuberculosis is a very known disease worldwide. Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease illustrated by the expansion of the tubercles that are in the tissue, mainly in the lungs. This disease is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a rod shaped bacterium. Tuberculosis has claimed its victims throughout much of known human history. It reached epidemic proportions in Europe and North America during the 18th and 19th centuries, earning the sobriquet, Captain Among these Men of Death (Daniel, 2006).

tuberculosis, M.bovis, M.africanum, M.microti, and M. canettii. M. tuberculosis is responsible for the vast majority of TB cases in the United States” (p.4).