Tungsten Research Paper

A half life lab was conducted by rolling pennies in a cup, and then setting aside those which were heads down. This process represents a half-life of the atom, or the time required for half of a substance sample to decay. The purpose of performing this lab was to simulate the transformation of a radioisotope over time, and to graph the data in a way that relates it to radioactive decay and half-lives. The presumed result of this experiment was that a little less than half the pennies would be face down due to some inconsistencies when shaking and pouring the pennies out of the cup.

Technetium -99m is produced by bombarding molybdenum 98Mo with neutrons. The resultant 99Mo decays with a half-life of 66 hours to the metastable state of Tc. This process permits the production of 99mTc for medical purposes. Since 99Mo is a fission product of 235U fission, it can be separated from the other fission products and used to generate 99mTc. For medical purposes, the 99mTc is used in the form of

Tungsten is applied to different metals for a variety of uses. In applications where strong steels are needed, tungsten can be added in higher and lower quantities based on need to increase strength due to its increased durability. Some common uses for the material are electron television tubes, filaments in electric lamps, winding/heating elements for electric furnaces, missile/ high temperature applications, and high speed tool steels to name a

Abstract Radioactivity is the process that an atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation to form a more stable atom, and time for radioactive material decay to half of the isotope is defined Half-life. Radon-220 observed in the experiment theoretically has a half-life with 54.5s. Two methods derived from the definition of Half-life and Radioactive Decay Law used to demonstrate half-life of Radon-220 under 400V and the closest result from the whole experiment is 55.90s with 2.57% error. The relationship of remaining atoms of Radon (1/∆T) and total elapsed time (t) is the main idea to find out Half-life in the experiment.

Zinc, in commerce also spelter, is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element of group 12 of the periodic table. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest mineable amounts are found in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc production includes froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity (electrowinning).

These crystals were first discovered back in 2004 by Subramanian Ramaswamy, who was studying at the University of Iowa in Iowa City. To learn

It was identified as a new element in 1781. Its ores contain wolframite and scheelite. The element is remarkable for its robustness. It has the highest melting point of all the elements. Also its high density of 19.3 times that of gold or even water. Polycrystalline tungsten is an intrinsically hard and brittle material because of its weak grain boundaries, making it difficult to work with. However, pure single-crystalline tungsten can be cut with a hard-steel

There are only 2 known isotopes of Cobalt. Cobalt-59 is the only naturally occurring isotope of Cobalt. This means that the only cobalt that will ever be found in nature is cobalt with 32 neutrons. Cobalt-60 is a man-made isotope of cobalt. This radioactive isotope was discovered by Glenn Seaborg in the late 1930’s at the University of California. Cobalt-60 is an important source of gamma radiation and is used in some medical fields to treat cancer.

Tungsten and carbon are used in jewelry to form Tungsten Carbide, which is commonly used as a jewellery alloy.

This element that is called Sodium has a very soft sort of silvery outer layer. Once sodium is cut the surface of the sodium will then air out into a dull kind of oxidized coating. Sodium is a very reactive chemical element that is found in the planet's crust. 2.6% of the earth's crust is sodium, and the reason that we can't find any sort or sodium on the ground is because sodium is reactive to any sort of the earth's moisture can and will have a chemical reaction and the piece of sodium will explode. Did you know that Sodium is one of the sixth most abundant materials in the world. In order to find sodium we have to dig into the earth to get a hold of this chemical product. The chemical

Would you believe that an actual element from the periodic table was named after the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology? After William Gregor discovered Titanium in 1971 on England grounds, that is exactly what he did. In fact this element was not found alone, but in the midst of a mineral called menachanite. When William detected this unique new element he knew it was something special due to his interest in minerals. However, Titanium was not only discovered once but three times! Next a German chemist, Klaproth and then the pure elemental metal was found in 1910 by Matthew Hunter. This pure element was made when Matthew heated TiCl4 together with sodium in a steel bomb. As you can imagine this would need some extreme heat, in fact it was around 600 to 700 degrees celsius. Although this remarkable elements has no major uses, it is however the ninth most abundant in the earth’s crust. Since Titanium is not easily broken down by

Molybdenum and tungsten have similar ionic radii and chemical properties. Tungsten is the heaviest atom and the only third-row transition element that exhibits biological activity in enzymes. Molybdenum is the only second-row transition metal that exhibits biological activity when it is present in a cofactor of a metalloenzyme. The natural source of molybdenum is molybdate, molybdate has 4 oxygens bound to the molybdenum in a tetrahedral coordination and is transported into the cell by ModA, where it is incorporated into the molybdoenzymes, or in various different cofactor. Tungsten is also taken up by cells in a similar manner as molybdenum but is bound by a different protein WtpA. Tungsten occurs naturally as tungstate, just like molybdate it has 4 oxygens bound a tetrahedral. Humans need molybdenum for molybdoenzymes which are essential for our growth, in thermophiles the molybdenum is usually substituted for tungsten. (Mukund & Adams, 1991) Not all life form use molybdenum and not all use tungsten, but all use either molybdenum or tungsten, to current date there has not been a cell found that doesn’t use one or the other. The molybdoenzymes carry out a variety of different reactions in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. One of the most well-known one being nitrogenase as well as nitrate reductase. These work together to play a major role in our ecosystem. There are a number of other

Scandium is the element that I have chosen to study and discover its history, it was discovered by Swedish chemist, Lars Fredrik Nilson in 1876, the name ‘Scandium’ stems from the latin word ‘Scandia’ meaning Scandinavia which was his homeland, at that time it was only found in Scandinavia hence the meaning behind the name. The first discovery of it was in a large rock that contained minerals euxenite and gadolinite from the Earth’s crust, inside those elements was Scandium.

Tungsten is widely used in military to fabricate armor piercing ammunition and used to infiltrate substantial solidified heavily clad targets, for example, defensively covered vehicles, solid shelters, tanks and different guards. Contingent upon the gauge of the guns. It is ammo comprises of a penetrator developed of tungsten amalgam or tungsten carbide, or exhausted uranium, encased inside of a milder coat, for example, copper or aluminum. The item ammo can extend from rifle-and gun gauge gathers the distance together to tank rounds.

Tungsten carbide, which is often just called tungsten, and titanium are the most popular materials for contemporary rings. While some people believe there aren't many differences between the two metals, there are some definite differences to consider when making your choice between tungsten and titanium. After reading this list, you'll be able to see that it comes down to the person's lifestyle when trying to make a choice between tungsten and titanium.