Two Theories Of Cognitive Development

Jean Piaget cognitive development theory explained the changes of logical thinking of children and adolescent. Piaget suggested that children advance four stages based on maturity and experience.

The last stage of Piaget’s cognitive development is known as the Formal Operational Stage, which occurs between the ages of eleven and sixteen. Adolescents have now gained the ability to think in an abstract matter, and can now understand things such as science and algebra. The most distinct difference between the

The sensorimotor stage infants develop their schemas through sensory and motor activities. Followed by the preoperational stage where children begin to think symbolically using words, to represent concepts. Next concrete operational stage children display many important thinking skills, like ability to think logically. Finally, formal operational stage young adolescences formulate their operations by abstract and hypothetical thinking. Piaget’s theory provides ample and insightful perspectives, so it remains the central factor of contemporary

At early adolescence TEENAGERS will start to think in different ways. They will understand harder concepts and solve COMPLEX problems easier. They will also be able to blend different information from different sources. This means that they will be able to solve problems in their head without actually seeing them.

The Piaget's stage theory of cognitive development is also known as the stage theory. It introduces that, in the expansion of our thinking, we act through an organized and certain sequence of steps. However, the theory focuses not only on compassionate how the children obtain knowledge, but likewise on the discernment of the substance of intelligence. According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, there are two stages in the thinking pattern of a 3-year old preschooler and 9-year-old student. They are the preoperational stage for the 2 to 7 year old and the concrete operations stage for the 9 year old. The preoperational stage (three years old preschooler), this is where a new child can intellectually perform and signify to the objects and issues with the quarrel or the images, and they can act. The concrete operations (nine year old student), where a child is at the stage and deliver the ability to maintain, reserve their thinking, and analyze the objects in conditions of their many parts. However, they can also assume logically and understand comparison, but only about the concrete events.

At the centre of Piaget's theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of four distinct, universal stages, each characterized by increasingly sophisticated and

This ability of reasoning leads adolescent to be rebellious, because they can understand that adult’s rules are not necessarily legitimate all the time. For instance, “A 14-years- old becomes acutely aware of the difference between what adults say they do and how they really act.” Billy showed this kind of cognitive ability, and he was rebellious towards his father Billy Ray and especially to Norm. He said to Norman “don’t tell me what to do”. Adolescents develop a hostile perception about adults. They become critical about their parents and the community they live in as a whole.

Jean Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory is one the most influential theory of cognition in social work and psychology. In his cognitive theory, our capacity for reasoning develops in stages, from infancy through adolescence and early adulthood. Piaget used four different stages; sensorimotor state, preoperational stage, concrete operations stage and formal operations stage. According to Hutchison, Piaget saw these four stages as sequential and interdependent, evolving from activity without thought, to thought with less emphasis on activity- from doing, to doing knowingly, and finally to conceptualizing.

In terms, of Piaget’s cognitive development theory, the 8- year old and the 16- year old perceptions of the political convention differ greatly. The 8-year-old is in the concrete operational stage, and the 16-year-old is in the formal operational stage. During the concrete operational stage children begin to think logically, however, they do not completely understand tougher subjects. The 8- year-old may not be interested in the political convention because during this stage, they are still egocentric, however, they might show little interest because they are moving out of this stage.

By age 11, I had increased thinking abilities that were due to Piaget’s last stage of cognitive development, formal operational. By this age I had the ability to think abstractly with hypothetico-deductive reasoning, I could problem solve based on certain hypothesis and I started to master deductive reasoning based on logical conclusions. I also developed propositional thought, a way of evaluating the logic of propositions without using real world situations. I definitely remember a gain in my information processing; increased attention, inhibition, strategies and knowledge that led me to come to conclusions based on logic. Psychologist David Elkind, expanded on Piaget’s cognitive-developmental theory. Elkind describes how young adolescents are preoccupied because they are going through major psychological changes within their body. Elkind noticed adolescents were self-conscious during this time of change. I can remember that I started to get embarrassed about the changes associated with my body. During this time period egocentrism is reappearing in our life, I became self-focused and self-absorbed, I was definitely a unique person in the world and I wanted everyone to know it. I can remember that I made rash decisions partly due to my frontal lobe not being fully developed. Looking back I probably drove too fast as a teenager and made some decisions I look back on now. Some of these consequences of the formal operational stage, recognized by Elkind, could create distortions in ones thinking during this time

piagete stage of cognitive developments is stage during the early teen year , reasoning if often self focused. piagete is the theory which construct children understanding of the world while interacting with it.

The fourth stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Stages of Development is the Formal operational stage. This stage is normally reached at age 11. These children are usually able to logically use symbols related to abstract concepts, such as algebra and science. These children can think about multiple variables in systemic ways, form hypotheses, and consider possibilities. Although Piaget believed in lifelong intellectual development, he insisted that the formal operational stage is the final stage of cognitive development, and that continued intellectual development in adults depends on the accumulation of knowledge (Shroff, 2015).

Adolescents experience Piaget’s formal operations period of cognitive development. In this stage, individuals have to think about how reality compares to ideals, think hypothetically about different choices and their consequences, critique the reasoning of others, and debating matters of justice, meaning of life, and human nature. Early adolescents are starting to have emotional changes in their life. They are having greater intensity of positive and negative emotions-related to puberty, not age and they may make risky decisions in the pursuit of pleasure. In addition to adolescents, they need to know four skills in order to mutual problem-solve. Four of the skills are understanding others’ feelings and wishes, generating solutions so

There are various cognitive aspects and socio-cultural aspects vital for shaping the adolescence journey to the adulthood. Hoffnung et al., (2016) explained that cognitive aspects include the development of formal operational thoughts which originates from early adolescence, more advanced in middle adolescence and late adolescence. Due to the immature frontal lobe of the brain, temporal lobe does the decision making and logical reactions in adolescence (Barkway, 2013). Hypothetical thinking develops and do not worry about the consequences and are more perspective takers. In the middle years, they start to think logically by identifying and rejecting the hypothesis and trying to find possible outcomes based on logic (Barkway, 2013). Abstract thinking develops in late adolescence,

Our cognitive processes, such as how we think, remember, decide and perceive, change over time. There is a substantial difference between adult and adolescent thinking. Adult thinking differs in three ways from adolescent thinking: Practical, cognitive flexibility and dialectical thinking. Adults have more flexibility in their thought patterns, understanding that there are multiple opinions on issues, and that there is more than one way to approach a problem (Stassen Berger, 2014). Furthermore, the difference between adolescent and young adult reasoning is particularly obvious when it involves reasoning requiring the conjunction of emotion and logic.