Two Ways Scientists Learned About The Earth

There are two main ways scientists learn about Earth’s Interior. The first way is, of rock samples. Scientists use drills to get as close as they can to get to the center of the earth, they also looked at rocks that spat out of volcanos during a volcanic explosion. The second way is, because of seismic waves. They study how seismic waves travel through Earth, seismic waves are vibrations that travel through Earth carrying energy, released during an earthquake. Those were the two main ways how scientists learned about Earth’s interior.

Scientific methods are important when studying the natural world. This is because it is essential to understand the methods in which discoveries were made in order to make new discoveries from the data already presented. Understanding scientific methods is essential when studying all types of science.

1. (a) The algal bloomed in the pond because there was most likely too much fertilizer applied to the lawn. When it rained, some of it

Do you think tricksters are mean people/animals set out to do no good or are they people/animals that trick their opponents into achieving their goal that can benefit others? Well the answer is the second option; tricksters are mischievous and magical animal-humans who outwit their opponents to gain whatever they want to achieve. There are two folktales that have two protagonists that are tricksters themselves: a spider and a coyote. Anansi and Coyote each go on a journey tricking their way through obstacles to achieve their goal. The folk tales “How Stories Came to Earth” and “Coyote Steals Fire” acquire an equal amount of similarities and differences.

Describe the important chemistry of early earth and how this may have given rise to life forms.

The lithosphere is defined as the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and the upper mantle; it is the solid, out part of earth. The picture

My earliest memory of science in elementary school was in first grade. I remember walking into the classroom early in the morning and seeing plant pots lined up in the back of the room. Of course one of us asked, Mrs. Denny, what are those for? She answered like any experienced teacher “We will get to those after lunch. Thank you for noticing though.” As a young student, I was more interested about taking the plant home to my mom and showing her what I did. After lunch, we went on a walk to the atrium in the center of the school. Mrs. Denny pointed out the different kinds of plants that were in the atrium like flowers, and other small plants. We walked back to our classroom and talked about what a plant needs to grow and finally got to make a plant ourselves. We each had a cup of water, a cup of soil, a pot, and a plant. I also remember in third grade learning about the weather by creating a big picture of the water cycle with the clouds and why there is lightening and thunder. After we made the picture, we each got to write down a question about weather and Mrs. Heffernan went over each one. I loved science when I was little because I was able to explore and try new things. I struggled in math and reading because they were very black and white but science allowed creativity. I enjoyed science in elementary school because it was very hands on so I didn’t have to sit in my seat. I would define science has a content area that allows the individual to research and develop

“The crust of the earth is a vast museum” is very important in chapter 8. This quote is taken from The Origin of Species. This quote is a metaphor comparing the all the animals on the earth microscopic species to Elephants, and having them in the spacious museum. Darwin is saying that how many creatures we find small or big there will always be more out there. This quote is pretty explanatory and not difficult to comprehend.

In modern day Christopher Columbus is still very germane today as teachers edify students with history mentioning Columbus. Because of this, Columbus is a very well-known person and people recollected him as the man who discovered that the Earth wasn’t flat. During the year 1492, Christopher Columbus has set a twelve-year period voyage and later discovered the Caribbean, Central, and South America. The purpose of his voyages is to find a sea route to the East to benefit Europe since it was a cheaper way to transport goods and riches rather than the route in Asia. He also wanted the natives to convert to Christianity. Many Europeans during that era considered Columbus a hero and that even today America recognize him with a holiday so people can celebrate his achievements. Yet, in contrast, Catalina De Erauso (Lieutenant Nun) seems that many people do not know her. She wasn’t taught by teachers, unlike Columbus. But in her memoir she had to do more than just discover the New World. She had to become a different person. To adapt and reconstitute her own identity by being masculine. Many times she was placed in dreadful situations where she murders men and endeavors to absquatulate from the law. Catalina also had to take different job offerings to survive the world she’s living in. Many might express Columbus effortlessly didn’t have to try because of his gender identity and that Catalina had to do so because she is a woman. In a society we live in today we’ve always been told

The lithosphere is basically the strong outer shell of earth. It is roughly 100km thick depending on its age, and is broken into plates, known as the tectonic plates. Within the lithosphere is the crust as a portion of the upper mantle.

To find out what had been happening below the surface, researchers created 3D images of the mantle portion of the North American Plate. Seismologists image the internal part of the Earth by tracing the paths of seismic waves created by earthquakes as they move through the ground. The waves move faster through colder rocks and less quickly through warmer rocks. Rocks cool and harden as they become older, so the faster seismic waves, the older the rock.

The different tectonic plates rest on the mantle, a very hot layer of earth that is directly beneath the crust. There are seven major tectonic plates, their names are The Pacific Plate, The North American Plate, The Eurasian Plate, The African Plate, The Antarctic Plate, The Australian Plate, and The South American Plate. In addition to these major plates there are also many smaller tectonic plates that make up parts of the Earth's crust. When the boundaries between plates shift, this causes earthquakes. There are three types of movements that cause earthquakes. Divergent is when the plates move away from each other, Subduction is when one plate moves underneath another, and Transform is when the plates grind against each other. The lithosphere is another name for earth's crust and mantle, it is made up of all the tectonic

The Crust is solid silicate rock. It's mostly made of basalt. The motion of the lithospheric plates give rise to earthquakes and volcanism on the surface of the Crust.” “Wow you really know a lot about the Crust” said Dr. Phil. “I sure do” said Crusty.”Where are you going next?” asked crusty. “To the Mantle” said Dr. Phil. “Oh you'll meet monica the dragon!” said crusty. “DRAGON!” Dr. Phil said. “Will you come with me to introduce me to her so I don't get eaten” asked Dr Phil. “Sure I have a lot of spare time on my hands” said Crusty. Then Dr. Phil and Crusty set off to the mantle.

Earth is in fact an intricate planet that has multiple layers of differing compositions. To be exact the earth has four main layers. The uppermost layer is the one humans come in most contact with, the crust. The crust consists of “thin silicate rock material”(Structure of the). Although the crust is not entirely the same. Actually there are two distinct types of crust, oceanic and continental. “The continental crust is made up of mostly rocks similar to granite while the oceanic crust is much denser and made up of a material similar to basalt”(Structure of the, Rose). The second layer is called the mantle. “The mantle is much denser than the crust and contains similar to the crust mostly solid silicate crust”(Structure of the). “As we travel further down the earth we wind up in the outer core. The outer core is a core of molten nickel and iron. Finally there’s the inner core. The inner is a solid metal core made up of nickel and iron”(Structure of the). All these layers functioning together cast out a magnetic

Knowledge can be accepted or refuted, hence what determines accepted knowledge? I believe ‘accepted knowledge’ is that which has been tested whereby sufficient evidence has been collected to support certain knowledge claims. However, it is important to consider times when knowledge has been refuted. Despite strong belief that we possess objective facts, through research and technological progresses, such facts become re-interpreted in light of new evidence and discoveries. Personally, discarded knowledge refers to theories or laws being dismissed as new-found information proves more accurate. However, knowledge can also be amended as it is evolves. Knowledge is often discarded or amended due to technological progresses or changing social trends. Taking both a natural and a human science in IB, I feel that knowledge is more readily discarded in the natural sciences whereas in the human sciences knowledge is amended as certain theories evolve. This suggests that knowledge is not static hence leading to the main knowledge issue which will be explored: “To what extent is knowledge within the human and natural sciences provisional?