Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Treatments are aimed at keeping the blood sugar level at normal levels while avoiding hypoglycemia or the decreased glucose level. Lifestyle changes are very important so as to avoid the worsening of the signs and symptoms of diabetes. If you are obese, you will need to lose weight. You also need to maintain your blood pressure level by decreasing the cholesterol level of your diet as well as decreasing your intake of salt and fats. Your diabetes recipes should be high in fiber and have low-fat content particularly saturated fats. You should also opt for foods that have low carbohydrate contents and increase your intake of fruits and

The most significant difference between the regular insulin and the rapid acting insulin is the onset. The onset for rapid-acting or lispro is 10-15 minutes, and for the regular it is ½-1 hour.

Insulin glargine 10 units subcutaneous; This medication is used at bedtime. It is a hormone that lowers your blood sugar that is circulating in your blood. It is long acting and starts to working a few hours after the subcutaneous injection and will continue to work steadily for 24 hours. You should avoid drinking alcohol because it can lower your blood sugar and interfere with your treatment. Some of the side effects of Insulin glargine are redness, swelling, itching, or rash over the site where the injection was given. If you develop trouble breathing, palpations or fast heart rate, feel dizzy of have swelling in your throat or tongue.

Long acting insulin is given by SQ injection once or twice a day depending on patients need. Client education should include proper administration of insulin, as well as what signs to look out for should the dog become insulin resistant, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemic. A diet that is low in fat, high in fiber and complex carbohydrates will allow glucose to be released steadily from the stomach. A diet that is aimed at getting the dog down to a healthy diet and keeping a healthy weight is a must. Food should be given at the same time a day to coincide with insulin peaks after insulin administrations so that glucose absorption is at it’s apex. Client should be advised that close monitoring of insulin therapy is an important part of efficiently regulating the underlying diabetes mellitus.

Although genetics and other unmodifiable risk plays a large role in the appearance of the disease, there are steps that individuals could take to prevent diabetes. Primary prevention could take the form of health education in schools and the community to learn about how nutrition choices greatly affect health and limit the chances of diabetes. Secondary prevention of diabetes works to reduce its severity and is done through early diagnosis or individuals that look out for and acknowledge the symptoms of diabetes. Tertiary prevention is done in efforts to rehabilitate the individuals that suffered the disease, however since diabetes is a chronic condition that may affect people throughout their whole life, health insurance or insulin treatment could be what they require instead to prevent further

Diabetes Mellitus is currently classified as type one and type two. Type one diabetes is characterized as a complete lack of insulin due to the destruction of the pancreatic cells. Type one is thought to come from an interaction between a genetic component or an acquired environmental component (auto immune). Type one diabetes, develops over the course of years. The peak age for diabetes is ten to fourteen years. With beta cells destruction happening before the disease is diagnosed.

16). Stockley affirms that the pharmacokinetic studies done on insulin degludec have shown a therapeutic effect lasting more than 42 hours with a maintained glucose lowering action (2014 p. 16). This increased sustained release far exceeds the current 24 hour duration of action that both insulin glargine and insulin determir possess.

Patients may benefit from early treatment with basal insulin added to oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) through early glycemic

Type 1 diabetes is a disease caused when your immune system destroys the cells in your pancreas that create insulin. This leaves your body without enough insulin to function normally. A very small amount of people that have diabetes have this type. Normally when people have this type of diabetes they are diagnosed as children. When you have type 1 diabetes your body will break down the foods, such as starches and sugars, and turns them into glucose. This glucose, which is a sugar, is then used for energy. In order to get glucose from the bloodstream into your cells your body need the hormone of insulin. Testing your blood sugar is most likely something that you will have to do often if you are diagnosed with diabetes. This can help you to

If potassium 3-4.5 mEq/L, give 20 mEq/h.As long as initial potassium is 4-5 mmol/L, continuous IV insulin infusion should be administered at a rate of 0.1 U/kg/hr with a goal of glucose decrease of 100 mg/dL/h. Continue infusion until glucose drops below 200 mg/L and bicarb is >15, pH > 7.3 or anion gap is normal.

Before looking at the types of insulin in depth, it is important to understand their actions. The action of insulin can be determined by the onset time, the period of peak activity, and the duration of the dose (“Insulin” 51). The onset time is how long it takes the to reach the bloodstream and begin to lower the blood glucose (“Insulin” 51). The period of peak activity is period of time when the insulin is most effective in its function and the duration is the period of time when the insulin is active (“Insulin” 51). Short-acting insulin is the most similar to the insulin created within the pancreas and is commonly referred to as regular insulin (“Insulin” 51). This type of insulin has a fairly rapid onset time of approximately 30 minutes

Some of the rapid acting insulins are: Insulin aspart (NovoLog), Insulin glusine (Apidra), Insulin lispro (Humalog). Whereas, some of the short acting insulins are: Insulin regular (Humulin). Intermediate acting insulin include insulin NPH (Novolin) and long acting Insulin include insulin detemic (Levemir) and insulin glargine (Lantus). All these types of insulin are widely available in the industry (Kin,

A-Rapid-acting insulin: the onset of it is 5-15 min and it duration about 3-5 hours . It take immediately before eating the meal .An example : 1- Apidra (insulin glulisine) 2- Novolog (insulin aspart ) 3- Humalog 4- Afrezza (inhaled) . it commonly prescribed to people with type 1 diabetes and also for type 2 in some cases . - Due to rapid acting it can lead to increase the chance of hypoglycemia to occur. - Control high blood sugar , which

This method is an improvement over the traditional methods of inserting insulin, which can go wrong often and difficult to do without the supervision

Results appear to vary significantly depending on the method of investigation. Differences in the pre-analytical conditions under which insulin is stable seem to follow the use of different collection tubes, assays, temperatures and performance limits. One contradiction seen in the literature is that most studies show decreased stability of insulin at room temperature compared to 4°C, but a contradictory study showed insulin to be stable for the same duration of time at both these temperatures. With the use of different performance limits and room temperature values, such differences are expected. This makes it difficult to apply the results of studies previously conducted to the testing in our laboratory. A similar study of the stability of 81 analytes included insulin and utilised the same analyser, assay type and tube type for their investigation. The results of this study showed insulin to be stable for 72 hours in both whole blood and serum samples at 4°C. Samples (whole blood and serum) stored at 25°C were only stable for 6 hours. The difference in the value of room temperature used (25°C vs. 20.6°C) impair comparability these results to our study. The performance limits used where also