Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ( T1dm )

Diabetes is a growing concern and health challenge for the American people (b). Diabetes is a condition in which the body cannot react to insulin appropriately or either cannot produce insulin efficiently (w). “Without a properly functioning insulin signaling system, blood glucose levels become elevated and other metabolic abnormalities occur, leading to the development of serious, disabling complications” (w). There are numerous forms of diabetes amongst the nation, however, there are three main forms of diabetes. Most people have heard of type one diabetes, type two diabetes, and gestational diabetes because they are common. Type two diabetes deals with a resistance to insulin, while

Type 1 diabetes is a serious chronic condition that tends to arise prior to adulthood. The disease requires substantial lifestyle changes in order to cope, and can lead to several debilitating outcomes if left unchecked. According to the American Diabetes Association ([ADA], 2017), Type 1 diabetes is defined as a chronic condition where the body no longer produces the insulin hormone, and is therefore unable to utilize and store glucose. As a result, individuals with Type 1 diabetes may experience excessively high or low blood glucose levels: hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia respectively (ADA, 2017). Both sides of the spectrum can have devastating effects on the body’s cardiovascular and renal activities, in addition to deteriorating the peripheral

Type 1 diabetes, previously called juvenile diabetes, is an incurable condition that is normally diagnosed in children and young adults. Type one diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with an unknown cause. Symptoms can be subtle and if gone undiagnosed and untreated, T1D can be fatal. The treatment of T1D requires daily injections of insulin to break down excess sugar in the blood. Treatment costs of diabetes are high and the complications associated with T1D only increases those costs. Historically people with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) did not have long life expectancy. Today with advancements in treatment, commitment to managing insulin levels and living a healthy life style, T1D patients can lead a long an full life.

Diabetes is a disease that can be devastating to some families, but it is not that bad as it seems. With the correct amount of exercise and moderation, it can be maintained with several different methods. A large part of the United States population has a form of diabetes. Today, there are many treatments that improve the lives of those living with this disease. With the correct understanding, it can be manageable and change the lives of the diabetic and his/her family. Some people may think of this as a bad thing for children to have but with the proper management and exercise, it can be maintained as well as bring a family closer to one another. As a brother of a type 1 diabetic, I know how hard it is to live with it and how to

Managing blood glucose (BG) level in diabetic patients proves to be a challenging goal to insulin. The stand-alone method in many adult acute setting is the use of sliding scale insulin (SSI) to treat hyperglycemia. The goal within these settings is to maintain the BG level below 180 mg/dl (Trotter, Conaway & Burns, 2008).

Diabetes is an illness that’s been raising for many years and yet there hasn’t been a cure found for it. Diabetes is diagnosed when you have too much glucose also known as sugar in your blood, where the pancreas isn’t able to make enough insulin to pass the sugar in use for energy to the different cells in your body. Glucose in the bloodstreams comes from the carbohydrate foods which are changed into sugar after we have eaten them or the glucose that’s been stored in the liver that ensures constant supply when we have not eaten recently. For a person without diabetes have a glucose level of 4 to 8 mmol/L in their body. There are three types of diabetes, type one which happens within a week or even days, unlike type two which takes as long as 10 years to be diagnosed, and gestational diabetes which happens during pregnancy. Diabetes can also lead to other health conditions, including kidney failure, eye disease, foot ulceration and a higher risk of heart disease.

In an implementation report by Roderman, Haire, and Hawley (2014), a study was initiated to determine if basal bolus insulin or other insulin regimens were more effective in achieving lower glucose and fewer hypoglycemia episodes. Patients who present with hyperglycemia and the inappropriate treatment of this state can prolong hospitalization, increase mortality rates, and put patients at risk for multi-organ complications. The use of subcutaneous sliding scale insulin is not an effective glycemic control tool because it is given without regards to carbohydrate intake and is contrary to normal pancreatic physiology (Roderman, Haire, & Hawley, 2014). In a few studies mentioned, overall mean blood glucose during hospitalization was lower in patients that had basal bolus insulin protocols versus sliding scale insulin protocols. Even with ADA and AACE recommendations of guidelines to use for optimal glycemic control, only 21% of hospitals in America had fully implemented non-critical care adult glycemic control protocols by 2008 (Roderman et al., 2014).

Diabetes can be a life-threatening disease. It is a lifelong disorder in which the patient’s body cannot regulate levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Symptoms for type 1 diabetes are thirst, weight loss, increased appetite, nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision. A person who may have the symptoms may not be aware they have the disease. Left untreated, diabetes can cause someone to go into a coma, which sometimes leads to death.

On my last week visit with the client, I was glad and satisfied with the outcome of my teaching with the client about her self-administration of degludec insulin and other medications. The patient reported of remembering to administer subcutaneous insulin in the morning and feel so much better and have more energy when she gets up in the morning and had better result of daily glucose monitoring instead of being so low which causing her to be weak and shaky. The patient reported that she does not feel any shaky or weakness upon waking up in the morning and have more energy playing with her dog and more energy throughout the day. The patient also included in her weekly schedule of going to the community swimming pool 3 times per week and

When the body does not produce any insulin, this is type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is known by multiple other names, including T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus), insulin-dependent diabetes, juvenile diabetes, and early-onset diabetes. Type 1 diabetes accounts for almost 10% of all diabetes cases, making it considerably less common than type 2 diabetes ("What is Diabetes"). However, an estimated 1 in 600 North American children under the age of 12 are affected by type 1 diabetes. Like type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes can also be controlled with changes to the average lifestyle (Schmitt, et al.).

Luckily, there are treatments out in the medical industry that can help manage the lack of insulin.  Patients with Type 1 diabetes will be given either insulin injections or oral medications to help control the amount of insulin being produced within the pancreas.  The procedure to helping glucose levels stay balanced is a whole different story for people diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes.  Doctors recommend for these patients to change their diet, start exercising, and take the prescribed pills to keep levels homeostatic (Rosen, 2006) (Congcong, 2012).  With every positive outlook must come with negative effects that can make the situation even worse if not treated

There are many people all around the globe that have been diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes. In fact, about 1.25 million people in the United States alone suffer from Type 1 Diabetes. I happen to be one of those people. As someone who has diabetes, I know there are many ways to regulate your insulin levels including several different types of insulin pumps or injections. In my case, I use the OmniPod pump. Before the pump can begin regulating your insulin and keeping you alive, there are steps and objects you’ll need to get started.

According to Wagner (2000), there are many barriers to achieving a strict glycemic control with insulin therapy. Examples of these barriers are patients’ fear of costs and weight gain, fear of diabetic complications, patients identifying injections with pain, and viewing insulin therapy as a time-consuming and complex regimen. Discharge planning dispels these barriers and offers a positive message with regard to insulin therapy. As such, it is more likely that the post-discharged patient will easily adapt to a self-management

Again, to be consistent with earlier works, the subjects recruited will be patients who were diagnosed a minimum of six months prior and whose condition is well-controlled.1,3 The definition of well-controlled in the existing literature is not consistent. For the purposes here, it will include subjects who are currently using dietary and lifestyle measures to manage their disease, either alone or in combination with low-dose oral medications. Medication type or dosage will not have changed in the three months prior to recruitment. Subjects will be excluded if they are currently pregnant or trying to conceive, if they are taking medication known to affect glucose metabolism, that was prescribed for purposes other than the treatment of their diabets2,3

Diabetes is a systemic disease caused by a decrease in the secretion of insulin or reduced sensitivity or responsiveness to insulin by target tissue. (Beale, et al., 2011) The incidence of diabetes is growing rapidly in the United States and worldwide. An estimated 347 million people around the world are afflicted with diabetes. (Whalen, et al., 2012) According to World Health Organization (WHO), Diabetes prevalence among adults over 18 years of age has risen from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014. It is the major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and limbic amputation. World Health Organization (WHO) projects that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death in 2030. It is a complex and costly disease that can affect nearly every organ in the body and result in devastating consequences. The leading cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations, renal failure, and blindness in working-age adults, diabetes is also a major cause of premature mortality, stroke, cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, congenital malformations, perinatal mortality, and disability. (Cefalu, 2000) Insulin therapy and oral hypoglycemic agents have demonstrated improvement in glycaemic control. However, Insulin therapy has some disadvantages such as ineffectiveness following oral administration, short shelf life, of the need for constant refrigeration, and fatal hypoglycaemia, in the event of excess dosage.