Type 1 Diabetes Research Paper

Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is needed for proper storage and use of carbohydrates. Without it, blood sugar levels can become too high or too low, resulting in a diabetic emergency. It affects about 7.8% of the population. The incidence of diabetes is known to increase with age. It’s the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the US, and is the primary cause of blindness and foot and leg amputation. It is known to cause neuropathy in up to 70% of diabetic patients. Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.

Uncontrolled diabetes can affect nearly every organ of the body; of which, heart disease and kidney failure are most commonly impacted. Known as diabetes mellitus, a collective term for various blood abnormalities, the term diabetes refers to either a scarcity of insulin in the body or the body’s inability to accept insulin. Though the symptoms of diabetes are manageable, many are unaware as to having it. According to the CDC report “2011 Diabetes Fact Sheet,” approximately 6 million people in the United States have undiagnosed diabetes. Undetected, diabetes can become deadly. In a recent World Health Organization report “Diabetes Action Now: An Initiative of the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation,” it

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or Type 2 Diabetes is seen as a metabolic disease that is categorized by abnormally high blood glucose or hyperglycemia. Diabetes Mellitus is also formerly known as noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and is the most common form of diabetes that is seen. Insulin is a hormone that is supplied to the body that allows us to efficiently use glucose as fuel. When carbohydrates are broken down into sugars in the stomach glucose enters the blood circulation simulating the pancreas to release insulin in an appropriate amount to become used for energy. With diabetes mellitus the body does not properly make use of the insulin supplied for the body. This causes the pancreas to produced an extra amount if insulin which the body cannot keep up with, causing an imbalance to the blood glucose levels (American Diabetes Association, 2015). In the united states diabetes affects almost 29.1 million people, while the another 86 million people have pre-diabetes but do not know. It is also known as the 7th leading cause of death in the country in the recent years (MedicineNet.com, 2016). For a patient suffering from a chronic form of diabetes mellitus understanding how these mechanisms lead to the condition can be used as preventative measures. Potential consequences as well as the causes and clinical manifestations will ensure a better knowledge on the issue to monitor the condition.

There are a number of different healthcare professionals who treat diabetes. While many people work with their primary care physician to manage diabetes, others rely on one or more doctors and specialists to monitor their condition. Talk to your doctor about testing if you are at risk for diabetes or begin experiencing symptoms associated with the disease. The following sections discuss the different doctors and specialists who can assist in various aspects of diabetes diagnosis and care.

Genetics - Certain genes can lead someone to have a higher risk of type 1 diabetes

The level of insulin produced varies despite its availability; insulin resistance diminishes the function. The resistances forces the pancreas to work harder and create more insulin, sometimes exceeding the supply, whatever the cause there is a adequate amount to prevent breakdown of fats. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form out of all the diabetes, affecting 85-90% of all people with diabetes. 956,000 people have type 2 diabetes in Australia. It usually can occur at any age, but seen in more middle aged and older people. Cases associated with Type 2 diabetes are generally seen with obesity, physical inactivity, family hereditary and older age. There is a strong genetic predisposition, the risk factors commonly increased due to lifestyle determinants such as being overweight, having high blood pressure, insufficient physical activity and poor diet. Initially Type 2 diabetes can be managed by having a healthy diet and doing regular physically exercise and weight loss. Tablets may also control it and some people may need

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases to this day. With over 171 million cases of diabetes all over the world, this disease is spreading exponentially fast. Lesser known as Diabetes Mellitus, this disease is all about the amounts of sugar in one's body. Glucose, in particular. Glucose is the powerhouse of the body. It helps run your body by transforming into the energy that we use to function on a daily basis. Whether or not one's diabetes is minor or even off the charts it can lead to terrible outcomes. These include stroke, blindness, vascular disease and heart disease. As mentioned before, the major symptom of diabetes is that too much sugar is in one's body. This is similar to a disease previously mentioned, hemochromatosis. However,

In order for our message to have maximum impact we must ensure it gets in the hands of as many children as possible. This includes children with Type 1 diabetes as well as children without it, as both groups must have access to the information in order to completely normalize the disease amongst children. In order to get the book in the hands of children with diabetes, the simplest dissemination method would be to give the books to paediatricians and paediatric psychologists who could give the book to all children, or parents of children, diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes. But more broadly, to ensure the book reaches all children, with or without the disease, the book could be give to schools and public libraries. An ideal dissemination method

However, there are other rare forms of diabetes that are directly inherited. These include maturity onset diabetes in the young (MODY), and diabetes due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA (7).

About 5-10% of those with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. “It 's an autoimmune disease, meaning the bodies own immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious, chronic disease which affects one out of every eleven people in the United States. Diabetes Mellitus, also known as Diabetes, is a complex endocrine disease dealing with excessive glucose in the blood. The disease process lies within the body’s metabolic state in which the body metabolizes carbohydrates, proteins, and fats leading to either defective insulin production or insufficient amounts of insulin. Diabetes has several pathogeneses, signs and symptoms, risk factors, complications, treatment goals and teaching practices. In this paper, I will discuss the complex nature of Diabetes and its effects on the human body.

Diabetes affects an estimated 25.8 million Americans of all ages — over 8% of the population. The most common form is type 2 diabetes, which accounts for 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases in adults. Diabetes leads to excess glucose, a type of sugar, in the blood. Over time, high blood glucose damages nerves and blood vessels, leading to complications such as heart disease, stroke, blindness, kidney disease, nerve problems, and amputation. (D.O.H.H , 2011)

People who have been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus are increasing in every single year. About 15.2% or about 2.6 million of adults which is 18 years old and above have the disease called as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). From this number, about 7.2% of the people have been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus while another 8.0% previously undiagnosed with diabetes (Diabetes Malaysia, 2015). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a symptom that can be characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins associated with the deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin action both in absolute and relative (Schoenfelder., et al 2006). The diseases may cause microvascular and macrovascular complications. Besides that, incidence of cardiovascular diseases is increased two- to fourfold in people with type 2 diabetes (F.Giacco., et al 2010).

With great diversity of the effects of diabetes, the amounts of causes are just as plentiful. Type 1 diabetes is caused by lack of insulin because of beta cells, the cells in the bosdy that produce insulin, either not producing enough insulin to support the entire body or beta cells being destroyed entirely by autoimmune diseases, where white blood cells and the body’s own immune system attack the beta cells, limiting the amount of insulin being produced. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, a group of researchers providing information on various diseases, which wrote,

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious public health problem in the world that has an adverse effect on the quality of life of several people (Al-Sarayra & Khalidi, 2012; Azinge, 2013)1. It is highlighted for morbidity and mortality (Khattab, Khader, Al-Khawaldeh, & Ajlouni, 2010; Sagar, 2011)2. World Health Organization (WHO) defines DM as metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism that results from disturbances in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes is associated with reduced life expectancy; the significant morbidity associated with diabetes arises from micro vascular complications, increased risk of macro vascular complications (like ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease), and diminished quality of life3 (WHO, 1999).