Type 2 Error In Nursing

Methodology: The water samples will be collected utilizing sterile plastic water bottles from Lake Tarpon. The location the samples will be collected from is Anderson Park, by the boat docks, located at 39669 U.S. 19, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689. The water samples will be brought to Tarpon Springs High School to be tested, located at 1411 Gulf Rd, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689. The phosphate, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen levels will be tested utilizing various LaMotte water testing kits,

Coders have to be mindful of how inaccurate coding on their behalf can affect others. Constant training in an organization is a great way to keep coders updated with coding practices and will allow open communication in how to deter errors within the department. Besides affecting patient health and insurance companies returning claims coders should take into consideration that inaccurate coding creates more work for multiple departments within their organization. If more man-hours are needed to correct mistakes facilities lose revenue to spend on resources to improve patient care.

Each year, roughly 1.5 million adverse drug events (ADEs) occur in acute and long-term care settings across America (Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2006). An ADE is succinctly defined as actual or potential patient harm resulting from a medication error. To expound further, while ADEs may result from oversights related to prescribing or dispensing, 26-32% of all erroneous drug interventions occur during the nursing administration and monitoring phases (Anderson & Townsend, 2010). These mollifiable mishaps not only create a formidable financial burden for health care systems, they also carry the potential of imposing irreversible physiological impairment to patients and their families. In an effort to ameliorate cost inflation, undue detriment, and the potential for litigation, a multifactorial approach must be taken to improve patient outcomes. Key components in allaying drug-related errors from a nursing perspective include: implementing safety and quality measures, understanding the roles and responsibilities of the nurse, embracing technological safeguards, incorporating interdisciplinary collaborative efforts, and continued emphasis upon quality control.

4) Discuss the implications of changing the level of significance to a larger value. What mistakes or error could increase if the level of significance in

At the first station I was at, we were looking for macroinvertebrates and crustaceans. When we found one of the insects we had to determine which group they belonged in. One way to determine if the water is polluted is to look at which group the critters are mostly from. My group and I tested this by taking turns going into the creek and finding a rock to bring out. When we brought the rock out of the water and back to our group we had to make sure to turn the rock over because the critters normally live on the bottoms of the rocks and most likely would fall off if you didn’t turn it over. After we all took turns a couple of times

Scientists have studied the impact of water borne pathogens over time. Just how dependent human life is on the waterways is one such question which arises. The study involves the effect of such pathogens on human life. This study was narrowed down to the area of the Chesapeake Bay in Virginia. The Chesapeake Bay each weekend is occupied for recreational use. Such activities as swimming, fishing, and body surfing are common place. Normally each year thousands of pounds of seafood are distributed from out of the bay. There is a vast amount of people who come to visit the area each year.

In Pensacola Bay the results of the Bay over time can be represented by various reports as in this report found in the years of 2007 and 2010 and from previous years in 2012-2013 reports for a rough comparison of data within past few years (2011-2014 period) and part of the first decade from (2000-2010 period). In the first set of data collected by Escambia County Utilities Authority (ECUA) that notes throughout the data on their table that demonstrates all values associated with samples taken as the Maximum contaminant Level (MCL), or the highest level of containment that is allowed in drinking water compared to Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) that represents the level of water that represents no risk and allows for margin of safety (4). In the ECUA’s report the water quality from wells with which it uses to provide Escambia County its fresh water. Though this is not directly from Pensacola Bay, the ECUA report still reflects the

Safety is a priority to delivering healthcare, however, medication errors have been identified as a safety issue in healthcare. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has released two landmark reports that identify adverse outcomes that occur yearly from medication errors (Kohn, Corrigan, Donaldson, 2000; Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2001). Because nurses are intimately involved in providing patient care and medications, as a result of these reports attention was directed at the nursing profession to improve the mathematical competence of nurses. Therefore, it is imperative that nursing students are competent in converting between measurement systems, identifying common pharmacological abbreviations, methods of medication administration, reading medication labels, and calculating medication dosages in order to provide safe care. In the article, Teaching the Culture of Safety, the American Nurses Association (ANA) affirms that pre-licensure programs should include education on patient safety and system vulnerabilities that is expanded on throughout all nursing education and practice to promote a culture of safety (Barnsteiner, 2011). Therefore, the implementation of early medication calculation in a nursing program helps establish fundamental nursing mathematical skills to help nursing students become competent in medication calculation skills and combat medication errors and promote the delivery of safe nursing care (Newton, Harris, Pittilgio, & Moore, 2009).

Reflect on a recent error or near-miss that resulted in compromised patient safety in your organization.

Studies have shown that near shore, and in rives tributaries to the Great Lakes the PPCPs levels have a higher risk quotient. The risk quotient being the ratio of maximum measured environmentally concentration to the predicted no-effect concentration of the pollutant. Using this ratio, 38 compounds were detected from effluent or Lake Michigan samples with four compounds being detected at levels greater than 50% frequency. These compounds found at all of the sampling sites in Lake Michigan and the Milwaukee Harbor are: metformin (100%), caffeine (97.6%), sulfamethoxazole (83.3%), and triclosan (71.4%). The mean and maximum levels from the samples can be found in Table 2, along with the minimum detection limit, minimum quantification limit, and maximum value found in the method

The St. Johns River is suffering from a significant environmental disaster because of toxic substances from municipal and industrial wastewater, fertilizer runoff, failing septic tanks, and stormwater. Consequently, over 55% of the river miles, 80.4% of acres of large water bodies, 59.4 % of estuaries, and 31.4% of coastline miles do not meet water quality standards in Florida (Florida Department of Environmental Protection 119). For that matter, studying those pollution problems that the river faces is vital since one can use this information to salvage the natural resource which is at the brink of destruction.

The outcome then depends on the data and information collected. While testing a hypothesis, the researcher might commit type 1 or type 2 error because either the null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis is rejected when it is true. Rejecting of the null hypothesis will result in type 1 error; and alternative hypothesis in type 2 error.  It is therefore important to allow room for possibility of committing either of these errors as no study is perfect (Chang, 2011).

Every day there is a constant trust adhered to many different people in the profession of Nursing—the decision of what will help patients in terms of medicine, and the confidence to make these decisions. One false act or one slight misdiagnoses of medication to a patient could be the prime factor in whether the patient lives or dies. Nurses in hospitals across the country are spread thin, and thus makes the probability of mistakes higher. If a medicinal dose is off by even one decimal a patient could die, so the only real answer is for nurses to not be afraid to ask for assistance, always follow procedure and voice opinion is they feel something is wrong.

Jon Brodie is a Research Scientist for the Australian Centre for Tropical Freshwater Research at James Cook University in Townsville in Australia. He has over 30 years experience in the environmental research field, working with different areas. He used to manage the Water Quality Research and Management Program for the GBRMPA for 11 years. His primary research area is associated with water quality issues for the GBR, and he is also highly involved in the policy advice to the Australian government regarding management of water quality issues for the reef. Brodie has published many articles and reports in his field. And he’s one of the experts when it comes to water quality and water pollution in GBR. He also used to work for GBRMPA for several years. Unfortunately we didn’t have the chance to meet him in person, but we still managed to receive answers to our questions from him through emails.

A Type I error is the worst type of error a researcher can make while conducting an experiment. A Type I error is the rejection of the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is actually true. Therefore, a Type I error is a false positive and it indicates that results are significant when they are not. For example, if a researcher states that the amount of antidepressants taken by individuals will decrease the number of suicides, the outcome could be potentially harmful. Individuals would become reliant on the medication and have expectations of the antidepressant lowering their likelihood of committing suicide. Unfortunately, this Type I error could potentially increase suicide. Setting a low alpha level will allow the researcher to avoid