Type A Hemophilia

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disease in which blood lacks blood-clotting proteins. Females have two X chromosomes, indicating that they are generally carriers and transmit the gene to their sons. People with mild hemophilia bleed after surgery, injury, or trauma. Severe hemophilia produces spontaneous internal bleeding in joints and muscles. Fortunately, medicines and lifestyle changes offers hemophiliacs fairly normal lives. Through learning about hemophilia, I became interested in genetic diseases and finding a cure for those

As the best of my knowledge I believe the two year old child is suffering from an inherited disorder called hemophilia. The Mayo Clinic describes hemophilia as a rare blood disorder that lacks sufficient blood clotting proteins. (Staff, B.M. ((n.d.)). Hemophilia. Retrieved September 27, 2016, from http://www.mayoclinic.org/disease-conditions/hemophilia/basics/treatment/con-20029824

Acquired hemophilia can be identified by abnormal bleeding into the skin, muscles, or other soft tissues. This usually begins in early adulthood, but it is far more rare than hemophilia A and hemophilia B (Hemophilia, n.d.).

Hemophilia is a rare blood condition in which an individual’s blood cannot clot appropriately to stop bleeding. There are two types of Hemophilia, Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B. This paper will be focusing on Hemophilia A, also known as classic hemophilia. “Hemophilia A is a genetic disorder caused by a missing or defective factor VIII, a clotting protein” (National Hemophilia Foundation, n.d., para. 1). Clotting proteins work with cell fragments called platelets to stop bleeding. “When blood vessels are injured, clotting factors help platelets stick together to plug cuts and breaks on the vessels and stop bleeding (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2013, para.

You mentioned hemophilia so I just wanted to explain what it was. Hemophilia is an inherited disease that affects the clotting process of your blood. Therefore, if you have hemophilia you do stand a chance of sever bleeding if you incur an injury or cut. There is a protein that is called clotting factor that a person might have little or none at all. It is a protein used for blood clotting that helps blood platelets stick together. (NIH

When he was three days old his doctor diagnosed him with severe type A Hemophilia after a circumcision

Hemophilia is the oldest known hereditary bleeding disorder. There are two types of hemophilia, A and B (Christmas Disease). Low levels or complete absence of a blood protein essential for clotting causes both. Patients with hemophilia A lack the blood clotting protein, factor VIII, and those with hemophilia B lack factor IX. A person with severe hemophilia has less than 1% of the normal amount of a clotting factor - either Factor VIII (8) or Factor IX (9). People without hemophilia have between 50-150% of the normal level of factor VIII or IX. There are about 20,000 hemophilia patients in the United States. Each year, about 400 babies are born with this disorder. Approximately 85% have hemophilia A and the remainder has hemophilia B.

Hemophilia is a disease in which blood clotting is severely reduced making any small injury a much bigger problem because it cannot clot by itself. The symptoms associated with this disease have to do with blood and how it clots or in this case does not. This disease is in effect whether the bleeding is internal or on the surface of the skin. Depending on the severity of the disease an affected person may bleed a little bit longer or much longer than someone who does not have hemophilia. This all depends on the amount of FVIII in the person's plasma.

A hemophiliac’s extent of bleeding will depend on the severity of their hemophilia. One symptom of hemophilia is excessive bleeding. Bleeding is external and internal. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the Institute of Health, “Signs of external bleeding may include: bleeding in the mouth from a cut or bite or from cutting or losing a tooth; nosebleeds for no obvious reason; heavy bleeding from a minor cut; bleeding from a cut that resumes after stopping for a short time”. They also say, “Signs of internal bleeding may include: blood in the urine (from bleeding in the kidneys or bladder); blood in the stool (from bleeding in the intestines or stomach); large bruises (from bleeding into the large muscles of the body”. Another thing this disease does to the body is it causes bleeding in the joints. This is another form of internal bleeding. Some joints included are the knees and elbows. The process of bleeding in the joints goes as follows; the joints are tight, but with no pain or visible signs of bleeding. Then, the joint becomes swollen, hot to the touch, and it is painful to bend. Bleeding and swelling both continue. Movement in the joint becomes temporarily lost. The pain can be severe. If this is not treated quickly, then the joint may be damaged. More internal bleeding includes bleeding in the brain. This is, as imagined, a very serious complication. It can

Hemophilia A and B are x-linked disorders that cause bleeding due to the absence of a coagulation factor, which arise from mutations in the VIII (FVIII) and IX (FIX) factor genes1. Recent advances in the field of gene therapy have unveiled the use of adeno-associated vectors (AAV) and adenovirus vectors (Ad) to increase the levels of expression of the VIII and IX factors, counteracting the effects of the mutation 1. Gene transfer methods of the coagulation factor IX using AAV has resulted in dogs that had either sustained expression of the factor or that were completely cured from it 2. Gene therapy using Ad has a potential to treat Hemophilia B in the neonatal stages, but the possible leaky expression of this can lead to reduced efficiency of the vector 3. These two methods have the potential to treat Hemophilia by gene transfer.

A 12 year old boy and his parents enter the emergency room after being involved in a hit and run. The young boy presents with an excessive nose bleed that was reported to have lasted for more than a few hours. Upon first glance, the child has noticeable deep tissue bruising on his arms and legs. The patient’s parents inform the nurse that nose bleeds are very common in their family, ranging anywhere from one to two times a day. However, never has one lasted this long before. Upon further examination, it is noted by a nurse that the child has some elbow and knee joint deformities. Laboratory results show a normal PT/INR, a prolonged aPTT, and a low CBC count. The chest X-Ray and CT scans come back normal for no broken bones or abnormalities. The patient is tested for specific levels of clotting factors in the blood, results came back at 3% present.

Then in the 1960s life expectancy for someone who has hemophilia is 20 because in the hospitals, fresh and frozen plasma were transfused into patients. But, each bag of plasma does not contain much of the necessary clotting factor that huge volumes of them had to be administered. So many children had severe joint bleeds which could be fatal. Later by the mid-1980s it was confirmed that HIV and AIDS could be transmitted by blood so half of the people with hemophilia became infected and thousands of people

Hey do you know what hemophilia is? Well it's a bleeding disorder, when you bleed too much when having an injury making you have too much blood loss. There are treatments that can help you if you have Hemophilia ,but sadly we have no cure for it yet. When you have Hemophilia you have to stay away from things that can hurt you like when you are reading a book you have to be careful because you don't want a paper cut.The treatments that can help you when you have replacement therapy, replacement therapy is a treatment aimed at making up a deficit of a substance normally present in the body.

Hemophilia also known as the royal disease originated in England in the 19th and 20th century, It is a sex-linked disease that is carried in the X chromosome and, therefore; has a much higher frequency in males. This genetic disorder prevents blood from clotting causing the afflicted individual to bleed out. When someone has hemophilia their blood has complications clotting thus clotting factors are either decreased in quantity, absent, or improperly formed. Even one inactive clotting factor can cause an individual affected with the disease to lose great amounts of blood. (J. Wilson, 592)

The 12th of August 1904 was a great event for the Romanov family, who were the last ruling dynasty of the Russian Empire – it was the birth of their long-awaited son Tsarevich Alexis, the successor to the Russian throne. Unfortunately, the sole heir was seriously ill with an incurable disease called hemophilia. Hemophilia is an inherited disease characterized by the inability to form blood clots properly. In other words, any minor cuts might be almost fatal for people, who suffer from this disease. The condition is passed on to males through females, who do not manifest the symptoms of the disease themselves. The Tsarevich Alexis inherited hemophilia from his mother, the tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna, who was the granddaughter of Queen Victoria.