Diabetes is a disease caused by a lack of insulin, resulting in high blood glucose levels and many health issues. Type two diabetes is becoming an increasing issue in Australia due to poor health, obesity and poor eating habits. Fast food industries and repackaged food are playing an increasingly larger role in people's diets, and with it, the number of people with type two diabetes is also increasing.
Type two diabetes is a crippling disease. After food is eaten the pancreas releases a hormone called insulin into the blood stream. The purpose of insulin is to keep blood sugar levels stable by causing the liver to store any glucose not needed by the body, as glycogen (S Preet, 2013). In a person with diabetes, not enough insulin is made resulting
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Type one diabetes is caused by a problem with the immune system, where it attacks the cells that create insulin (Bowers, 2015). Type two diabetes is much more prominent in adults, however it can occur in children. It is often brought on by obesity or an unhealthy lifestyle. This form of diabetes often begins with a resistance to insulin due to the liver not using insulin to provide energy for the body’s cells. Because of this, the body requires more insulin. The pancreas will try to compensate by producing more insulin, however it will eventually stop when the blood sugar levels increase (after eating). Two common symptoms are frequent dehydration sue to water trying to compensate for the high glucose levels and keep an even amount of water and glucose through a process called osmosis (Charlotte Eng, 2015). This, in turn causes frequent urination because of the need for more water. Another symptom is blurry eyesight. High blood sugar can cause the lens of the eye to swell which will impair the vision (William Hehn, …show more content…
The body must keep a healthy blood glucose level so that there is a continuous supply of energy to the cells. If the blood sugar levels fall too low (hypoglycaemia) it can cause harmful complications such as fatigue and even loss of consciousness. If blood sugar levels raise too high (hyperglycaemia) it can lead to many difficulties such as cardiovascular disease, nerve damage and kidney damage (S Preet, 2013). This is why is important for the body to regulate its glucose levels. It does this by the pancreatic islets detecting a change in blood glucose levels, they then release the hormone insulin into the blood stream. Muscle cells are prompted by the insulin, to absorb glucose. The way insulin does this is by binding itself to receptors on the cell membrane, thuds increasing the amount of transporters and allowing more glucose to be transported into the cells. If glucose levels fall then another hormone is released by the pancreas called glucagon. Glucagon allows stored glucose (glycogen) to be released from the liver into the blood stream and raises blood glucose levels (Amis, 2011). This process of keeping blood glucose levels constant is an example of ‘homoeostatic control’ where the rise and fall of glucose levels allows each different hormone to be used in a constant
Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, is a chronic illness this means that it has no cure and the symptoms persist over a long period of time. This illness is a result of an imbalance of hormones, insulin, produced in the pancreas. Insulin plays an important role in how the body uses food. Insulin enables the cells in the bloodstream to absorb and use glucose for fuel. If the pancreas produces too little or no insulin or if the insulin doesn’t work properly the person may become diabetic. Therefore, diabetics are not able to properly convert food into fuels needed by the body to function, which can seriously lead to physical consequences.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease caused by the loss of the ability to control the glucose level in the blood by the loss of insulin. This disease can be of many types, but the prevalence of type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes are mostly seen in Australia, with type 2 being more common (AIHW, 2011). 4% of Australians have Diabetes, and according to the 2004-2005 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, diabetes was three times more common in Indigenous Australians than in the Non-Indigenous Australians.
However, if you have type 1 diabetes, symptoms come quickly and are more severe. Signs and symptoms of type 1 and 2 diabetes are: Increased thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, irritability, blurred vision, slow-healing sores, frequent infections, such as gums or skin infections and vaginal infections. Type 1 diabetes can occur in any age, but it is more likely to appear during childhood or adolescence. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, it can occur at any age but it is more likely to develop in people older than 40. Insulin is a hormone from a gland situated behind and below the stomach. The cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown. But what is know is that your immune system usually fights harmful bacteria or viruses- destroys your insulin producing cells in your
Diabetes mellitus, is the fancy way to say diabetes but many people referred it as diabetes. Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases which can cause you to have high blood sugar levels over a long period. The two main types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. Type 1 results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin. This form was previously referred to as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" or "juvenile diabetes". The cause is unknown. Type 2 begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which the cells fail to respond to insulin properly. There is no known preventive for type 1 diabetes, Or Type 2 diabetes which accounts for 85-90% of all cases can often be prevented or delayed by maintaining a normal body weight, engaging
When food is ingested in a person body it is broken down into smaller components including a sugar called glucose. Glucose travels to the cells in our body through the bloodstream and this is made possible due to insulin. As stated earlier insulin is produced by the beta cells and is stored in the pancreas. When the glucose levels go up in a person’s body the pancreas release the stored insulin in order for the glucose to get into the cells. To summarize insulin is what allows for glucose to produce energy. The cells in our body
One type of chronic disease that numerous individuals must live with is diabetes, which has two types. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), diabetes type 1 is also known as juvenile diabetes and occurs when the individual’s body lacks insulin, the hormone needed to properly distribute glucose. On the other hand type 2 is due to insulin resistance, which occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin to keep glucose levels in the blood stream under control (ADA). Etiology is the cause of, or investigation to find the cause of, a disease or condition. Similarly with other diseases, diabetes is caused by a multitude of factors, not one sole reason. Both forms of diabetes are a public health issue because these conditions
Diabetes type 2 is linked to a number of health complications including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, depression, blindness and amputation. Up to 90% of patients suffering from diabetes type 2 is either overweight or obese, and this contributes to mentioned complications, that are thought to lower life expectancy in those patients. National Diabetes Audit XXX shows that there is a significantly higher change of suffering from a variety of cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infraction – 55% additional risk, stroke – 34% higher risk when compared to general population, angina and heart failure, 76 and 74% increased risk, respectively. Furthermore, people suffering from diabetes have 337% additional risk of minor amputation and 222% of major amputation when compared to general population. Risk of renal replacement therapy in diabetic patients is 164% higher than non-diabetic people. Despite the numbers, heart disease is still the most prevalent complication od type 2 diabetes in England and Wales. The risk of cardiovascular disease increases further for South-Asian diabetics and for people living in the most deprived and poorest areas, up to 50% more likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease when compared to least deprived diabetics. Patients suffering from diabetes type 2 and being obese are estimated to have a hospital admission due to heart failure twice as often as general population.
It is no secret that Diabetes type II is rapidly becoming a public health problem that is attacking epidemic proportions worldwide. In fact, according to an online article by the Washington post titled, “CDC Says Diabetes Numbers Increasing,” Author Stein, Rob claims that the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has estimated that as of the year 2012, approximately 26 million Americans were clinically diagnosed with type II diabetes. Not to be confused type I diabetes however. Type I diabetes is where the body is typically insulin-dependent as beta cells are constantly attacked and destroyed by the immune system. Type II diabetes on the other hand, is where the body, may or may not make enough insulin; a hormone that serves to regulate the movement of sugars into the cells, and if it does make enough insulin, the body tends to not respond to it properly. In other words, one suffering from type II diabetes does not convert sugar into energy, but rather stores it in their bloodstream. This has caused type II diabetes to be the most common form of its type. As a result, those who suffer from type II Diabetes normally result in extra body-fat, hypertension, and high cholesterol.
Diabetes is one of the biggest challenges facing Australians. One person is diagnosed every five minutes equating to 280 Australians diagnosed every day. In total 1.7 million Australian’s suffer from all types of diabetes. Diabetes is one of the most fastest growing condition is Australia. It’s increasing at a faster rate than heart diseases and cancer. 10% of people with diabetes are type 1, the other 85% of diabetes are type 2 and the rest have gestational diabetes in pregnancy. Diabetes is caused when the body can’t maintain glucose in the blood. People that suffer from diabetes must watch their sugar intake to ensure a healthy lifestyle.
Insulin works to control glucose levels in the body. When the pancreas doesn’t produce sufficient amounts or the insulin doesn’t function properly, diabetes occurs. Uncontrolled high sugar levels in the bloodstream produce familiar symptoms such as:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition in the body that is related to a faulty metabolism. It means that the body’s metabolism is not functioning properly, which leads to adverse effects in the health. The food we ingest, gets broken down into blood sugar (glucose), which is what fuels our body in the form of energy. This converted glucose needs to enter our cells so that it can be used for energy and growth. And in order for the glucose to enter our cells, there needs to be insulin present, which the beta cells of the pancreas is responsible for producing. This hormone is responsible for maintaining glucose level in the blood. It allows the body cells to use glucose as a main
Diabetes type 2 is a condition in which blood sugar levels are too high. After eating foods that contain carbohydrates, chemicals in the small intestine break down the carbohydrates into simple sugar molecules called glucose. The cell lining in the small intestine absorb the glucose, which then passes into the bloodstream. When the blood reaches the pancreas, beta cells inside the pancreas detect the rising glucose levels. To reduce the glucose level, beta cells release insulin into the bloodstream. As the blood circulates through the body, the insulin and glucose exit the bloodstream into tissue to reach the body’s cells. Most cells of the body have certain receptors on their surface that bind to the circulating insulin. Insulin acts like a key in a lick to open up the cell so that the circulating glucose can get inside the cell. The cell can use the glucose to produce the energy it needs to function properly. If a person has insulin resistance, insulin cannot unlock the cells to let glucose in because the locks, called receptors, are abnormal and/or missing. As a result, glucose is locked out of the cells. The amount of glucose builds up in the bloodstream in a condition called hyperglycemia. To compensate for hyperglycemia, the pancreas produces more and more insulin. Overworked beta cells try to keep with the demand, but gradually lose their ability to produce enough insulin.
Diabetes is a national health priority. The number of people with type 2 diabetes is growing, most likely results of overweight and obesity rate, lifestyle and dietary changes and an ageing population. Within 20 years, the number of people in Australia with type 2 diabetes is increasingly, it is estimated 870,000 to over 2.5 million.
By definition insulin is refer as a hormones which assumes a key in the regulation of blood glucose levels and an absence of insulin can lead to the improvement of the symptoms of diabetes (The global diabetes community, 2014). Decrease insulin concentrations trigger adipose tissue lipase causing lipolysis of triglycerides in glycerol and free fatty with consequent elevation of fatty acid transport into mitochondria where ketone body development happens (Keays, 2007). Understanding the significance of insulin serves to know more about how the body utilizes it for energy. As we know our body is made up of millions of cells, thusly to create energy, this cells need food in exceptionally straightforward structure (Type 2 diabetes, 2014). When we eat or drink, a great part of the nourishment is broken down into a straightforward sugar called ‘glucose’. Basically, glucose is transported through the circulatory system to these body cells where it can be utilized to provide the energy the body requirements for daily exercise. The decrease of glucose levels in blood is caused when the amount of glucose in the blood ascents to certain level; hence, the pancreas discharge more insulin to push more glucose into cells. While to keep blood glucose levels from getting
Diabetes is an incurable chronic disease. Not only does diabetes affect a persons health and life expectancy, it also has a vast social and financial impact. There are two types of Diabetes. Type 1, which is a chronic childhood disease. Type 2, known as a preventable chronic disease which are the most common form of diabetes. Less physical activity, along with a high calorie intake, increasing frequency of obesity are all a significant provider to the