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Types Of Land For Agriculture, And Habitat Degradation And Loss

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Once widespread throughout the grasslands and savanna of northern Africa, dama gazelle (Nanger dama) populations have dramatically plummeted in recent history. The species is categorized as critically endangered by the IUCN, and remaining populations are fragmented and limited to small areas in Chad, Mali, and Niger (IUCN 2014). The dama gazelle species is classified into three subspecies: addra (N. d. ruficollis), the mohor (N. d. mhorr) and dama (N. d. dama), which differ in geographical distribution and coat color (IUCN 2014; RZSS and IUCN 2014). Remaining wild populations are highly fragmented and species survival is threatened by habitat degradation and loss, primarily due to overgrazing by domestic species, use of land for agriculture, and poaching (Grettenberger and Newby 1986; Newby 2014; RZSS and IUCN 2014). Current predictions suggest climate change will significantly impact the remaining habitat and likely negatively influence survival (Durant et al. 2014; Bronson 2009; Zerbe et al. 2012). In addition, spatial segregation of remaining wild populations increases possibility of inbreeding and concomitant decline in reproductive success (Roldan et al. 1998; Gomendio et al. 2000; Andrabi and Maxwell 2007). The ex situ population of addra gazelle also is not self-sustaining and individuals managed in captivity are dispersed across North America in small herds, hindering their effective genetic management.
Maintaining sustainable populations of threatened non-domestic

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